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Conductivity in semiconductors. Engineering conductivity ...

Lecture 17. Conductivity in semiconductors . Engineering Conductivity through doping. Today: 1. semiconductors under applied electric field. Origins of Conductivity . 2. Evanescent states inside the bandgap. 3. Impurities in semiconductors . 4. Engineering Conductivity through doping. 5. Carrier densities in p- and n-doped semiconductors . 6. Fermi level in doped semiconductors . Questions you should be able to answer by the end of today's lecture: 1. What carriers participate in conduction in semiconductors ? How does conduction in a semiconductor differ from a metal? 2. What is the physical significance of evanescent states inside the bandgap? 3. What are dopants? What dopants are used to make p-type and n-type semiconductors ? What are deep-trap dopants? 4. How does doping affect the density of carriers in SC? 5. How to find the concentration of the minority carriers in a doped SC? 6. How do we use doping to engineer chemical potential (Fermi level)?

Impurities that have their electronic energy levels close to the valence band extract electrons from the valence band leaving behind holes and are called “acceptors”. These impurities contribute to hole conductivity in semiconductor and result in “p-doping”.

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