UNIT 4 - NCERT

unit 4 The description of structure and variation of living organisms over aperiod of time, ended up as two, apparently irreconcilable perspectiveson biology. The two perspectives essentially rested on two levels oforganisation of life forms and phenomena. One described at organismicand above level of organisation while the second described at cellularand molecular level of organisation. The first resulted in ecology andrelated disciplines. The second resulted in physiology and of physiological processes, in flowering plants as anexample, is what is given in the chapters in this unit . The processes ofmineral nutrition of plants, photosynthesis, transport, respiration andultimately plant growth and development are described in molecularterms but in the context of cellular activities and even at organismlevel.

Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Minnesota. He served as Professor of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. Just after world war II, when the world was under shock after the Hiroshima-Nagasaki bombings, and seeing the ill-effects of radio-activity, Calvin and co-workers put radio-activity to beneficial use.

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