BASIC TOOLS FOR DATA COLLECTION - INTRAC
Observation: At its most simple, observation involves ‘seeing’ things – such as objects, processes, relationships, events – and formally recording the information. There are different types of observation. Structured or direct observation is a process in which observations are recorded against an agreed checklist.
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Theory of Change - INTRAC
www.intrac.org1 1. The reality of change Theory of Change is nothing new. It is not just a donor fad or yet another hoop to jump through. It is an on-going process of reflection to explore change and how
Theory of Change - INTRAC
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Monitoring and Evaluation: New Developments and …
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www.intrac.orgquantitative methods are seen as weaker, qualitative methods are seen as (relatively) stronger. Some of the main strengths of qualitative methods are listed below, and are summarised in the diagram above. As with the section on quantitative methods, these are general rules only, and there are often exceptions. Quantitative methods ...
SECONDARY DATA SOURCES - INTRAC
www.intrac.orgFurther papers in the M&E Universe explain other simple data collection tools and methods. To access these papers directly, click on the relevant links below. Author(s): INTRAC . Contributor(s): ... Interviews Focus group discussions Observation Photography and video Surveys and questionnaires Case studies and stories of change
QUALITATIVE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS (QCA) - INTRAC
www.intrac.orgQualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), developed by Charles Ragin in the 1970s, was originally developed as a research methodology. Lately, it has increasingly been applied within monitoring and evaluation (M&E). QCA is a methodology that enables the analysis of multiple cases in complex situations, and can help explain why change
THEORY OF CHANGE
www.intrac.orgTheories of Change can be developed in many ways. Common elements include ... stakeholder analysis or gender analysis might also be used. And if others have conducted similar assessments in the past then their findings can be used to arrive at a consensus.
CASE STUDIES AND STORIES OF CHANGE - INTRAC
www.intrac.orgCase studies are usually written, but can also be presented as photographs, drawings or videos. In some circumstances case studies have been presented as songs or dramas. There is no fixed size for a written case study. A case study can vary in length between a few lines of text and an entire book. Stories of change are similar to case studies ...
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