The Global Competitiveness Report 2009–2010

1 The Global Competitiveness Report2009 2010 Klaus Schwab, World economic ForumThe Global Competitiveness Report2009 2010 Professor Xavier Sala-i-MartinColumbia UniversityChief Advisor of the Global Competitiveness NetworkWorld economic ForumGeneva, Switzerland 2009 Professor Klaus SchwabWorld economic ForumEditorThe Global Competitiveness Report 2009 -2010 2009 World economic ForumWorld economic ForumGenevaCopyright 2009by the World economic ForumAll rights reserved. No part of this publicationmay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by anymeans, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,or otherwise without the prior permission ofthe World economic : 978-92-95044-25-8 ISBN-10.

2 92-95044-25-8 This book is printed on paper suitable forrecycling and made from fully managed andsustained forest and bound in Switzerland by Global Competitiveness Report2009 2010is published by the WorldEconomic Forum within the framework of theGlobal Competitiveness Klaus SchwabExecutive ChairmanProfessor Xavier Sala-i-MartinChief Advisor of the Global CompetitivenessNetworkRobert GreenhillChief Business OfficerGLOBAL Competitiveness NETWORKJ ennifer Blanke,Director, Senior Economist,Head of Global Competitiveness NetworkMargareta Drzeniek Hanouz,Director,Senior EconomistIrene Mia, Director, Senior EconomistThierry Geiger,Associate Director,Economist, Global Leadership FellowCiara Browne,Associate DirectorPearl Samandari,Community ManagerEva Trujillo Herrera,Research AssistantCarissa Sahli,CoordinatorWe thank Hope Steele for her superb editingwork and Neil Weinberg for his excellentgraphic design and layout.

3 We are grateful toJoelle Latina for her invaluable terms countryand nationas used in thisreport do not in all cases refer to a territorialentity that is a state as understood by inter-national law and practice. The terms coverwell-defined, geographically self-containedeconomic areas that may not be states butfor which statistical data are maintained on a separate and independent Global Competitiveness Report 2009 -2010 2009 World economic ForumContentsPartner InstitutesvPrefacexiby Klaus SchwabPart 1: Measuring The Global Competitiveness Index 2009 2010: 3 Contributing to Long-Term Prosperity amid the Global economic Crisisby Xavier Sala-i-Martin, Jennifer Blanke, Margareta DrzeniekHanouz, Thierry Geiger, and Irene The Executive Opinion Survey: 49 Capturing the Views of the Business Communityby Ciara Browne and Thierry GeigerPart 2.

4 Data Country/Economy Profiles61 How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles ..63 List of Countries/Economies ..65 Country/Economy Profiles .. Data Tables333 How to Read the Data of Data Tables ..337 Data Tables ..339 Technical Notes and Sources473 About the Authors477 Acknowledgments479 The Global Competitiveness Report 2009 -2010 2009 World economic ForumThe Global Competitiveness Report 2009 -2010 2009 World economic ForumThe World economic Forum s Global CompetitivenessNetwork is pleased to acknowledge and thank the fol-lowing organizations as its valued Partner Institutes,without whom the realization of The GlobalCompetitiveness Report 2009 2010would not have beenfeasible:AlbaniaInstitute for Contemporary Studies (ISB)Artan Hoxha, PresidentElira Jorgoni, Senior Expert and Project ManagerDenalada Kuzumi, ResearcherAlgeriaCentre de Recherche en Economie Appliqu e pour le D veloppement (CREAD)

5 Youcef Benabdallah, Assistant ProfessorYassine Ferfera, DirectorArgentinaIAE- Universidad AustralMar a Elina Gigaglia, Project ManagerEduardo Luis Fracchia, ProfessorArmeniaEconomy and Values Research CenterManuk Hergnyan, ChairmanSevak Hovhannisyan, Board Member and Senior AssociateGohar Malumyan, Research AssociateAustraliaAustralian Industry GroupNicholas James, EconomistTony Pensabene, Associate Director, Economics & ResearchHeather Ridout, Chief ExecutiveAustriaAustrian Institute of economic Research (WIFO)Karl Aiginger, DirectorGerhard Schwarz, Coordinator, Survey DepartmentAzerbaijanAzerbaijan Marketing SocietyFuad Aliyev, Executive DirectorAshraf Hajiyev, Project CoordinatorSaida Talibova, ConsultantBahrainBahrain Competitiveness Council, Bahrain EconomicDevelopment BoardNada Azmi, Business Intelligence Specialist, economic Planning & DevelopmentJawad Habib, Senior Partner, BDO Jawad HabibRima Al Kilani, Director, International MarketingBangladeshCentre for Policy Dialogue (CPD)

6 Khondaker Golam Moazzem, Senior Research FellowKazi Mahmudur Rahman, Senior Research AssociateMustafizur Rahman, Executive DirectorBarbadosArthur Lewis Institute for Social and economic Studies,University of West Indies (UWI)Andrew Downes, DirectorBelgiumVlerick Leuven Gent Management SchoolLutgart Van den Berghe, Professor, Executive Director and Chairman, Competence Centre Entrepreneurship,Governance and StrategyBieke Dewulf, Associate, Competence Centre Entrepreneurship,Governance and StrategyWim Moesen, ProfessorBeninMicro Impacts of Macroeconomic Adjustment Policies (MIMAP) BeninEpiphane Adjovi, Business CoordinatorMaria-Odile Attanasso, Deputy CoordinatorFructueux Deguenonvo, ResearcherBosnia and HerzegovinaMIT Center, School of Economics and Business in Sarajevo,University of SarajevoZlatko Lagumdzija, ProfessorZeljko Sain, Executive DirectorJasmina Selimovic, Assistant DirectorBotswanaBotswana National Productivity CentreJoseph Jonazi, Research Consultant and StatisticianDabilani Buthali, Manager, Information and Research Services DepartmentThembo Lebang, Executive DirectorBrazilFunda o Dom CabralCarlos Arruda, Executive Director, International Board and Professor and Coordinator of the Competitiveness and Innovation CenterMarina Ara jo.

7 Economist and Researcher of the Competitiveness and Innovation CenterMovimento Brasil Competitivo (MBC)Cl udio Leite Gastal, Director PresidentDenise Alves, Projects CoordinatorElisa de Ara jo, Projects AssistantBrunei DarussalamMinistry of Industry and Primary ResourcesPehin Dato Yahya Bakar, MinisterDato Paduka Hj Hamdillah Hj Abd Wahab, Deputy MinisterDato Paduka Hamid Hj Mohd Jaafar, Permanent SecretaryBulgariaCenter for economic DevelopmentAnelia Damianova, Senior ExpertBurkina Fasolnstitut Sup rieure des Sciences de la Population (ISSP), University of OuagadougouSamuel Kabore, Economist and Head of Development Strategy and Population ResearchvPartner InstitutesPartner InstitutesThe Global Competitiveness Report 2009 -2010 2009 World economic ForumBurundiUniversity Research Centre for economic and Social Development (CURDES), National University of BurundiRichard Ndereyahaga, Head of CURDESG ilbert Niyongabo, Dean, Faculty of Economics & ManagementCambodiaEconomic Institute of CambodiaSok Hach, PresidentChan Vuthy, Senior ResearcherPoch Kongchheng, Junior ResearcherCameroonComit de Comp titivit ( Competitiveness Committee)

8 Lucien Sanzouango, Permanent SecretaryCanadaInstitute for Competitiveness and ProsperityTamer Azer, ResearcherRoger Martin, Chairman and Dean of the Rotman School of Management, University of TorontoJames Milway, Executive DirectorChadGroupe de Recherches Alternatives et de Monitoring du Projet P trole-Tchad-Cameroun (GRAMP-TC)Antoine Doudjidingao, ResearcherGilbert Maoundonodji, DirectorCeline N nodji Mbaipeur, Programme OfficerChileUniversidad Adolfo Ib ezIgnacio Briones, Associate Professor of Economics, School of GovernmentLeonidas Montes, Dean, School of GovernmentCamila Chadwick, Project CoordinatorChinaInstitute of economic System and Management National Development and Reform CommissionZhou Haichun, Deputy Director and ProfessorChen Wei, Research FellowDong Ying, ProfessorChina Center for economic Statistics Research, Tianjin University of Finance and EconomicsLu Dong, ProfessorJian Wang, Associate ProfessorHongye Xiao, ProfessorBojuan Zhao, ProfessorHuazhang Zheng.

9 Associate ProfessorColombiaNational Planning DepartmentAlvaro Edgar Balcazar, Entrepreneurial Development DirectorCarolina Renter a Rodr guez, General DirectorMauricio Torres Vel squez, AdvisorColombian Council of CompetitivenessHernando Jos Gomez, PresidentC te d IvoireChambre de Commerce et d Industrie de C te d IvoireJean-Louis Billon, PresidentJean-Louis Giacometti, Technical Advisor to the PresidentMamadou Sarr, Director GeneralCroatiaNational Competitiveness CouncilMartina Hatlak, Research AssistantKresimir Jurlin, Research FellowMira Lenardic, General SecretaryCyprusCyprus College Research CenterBambos Papageorgiou, Head of Socioeconomic and Academic ResearchThe Cyprus Development BankMaria Markidou-Georgiadou, Manager, International Banking Services Unit and Business DevelopmentCzech RepublicCMC Graduate School of BusinessTomas Janca, Executive DirectorDenmarkCopenhagen Business School, Department of International Economics and ManagementLise Peitersen, Administrative DirectorCasper Rose, ProfessorEcuadorESPAE Graduate School of Management,Escuela Superior Polit cnica del Litoral (ESPOL)

10 Elizabeth Arteaga, Project AssistantVirginia Lasio, Acting DirectorSara Wong, ProfessorEgyptThe Egyptian Center for economic StudiesHanaa Kheir-El-Din, Executive Director and Director of ResearchNaglaa El Ehwany, Deputy Director and Lead EconomistMalak Reda, Senior EconomistEstoniaEstonian Institute of economic ResearchEvelin Ahermaa, Head of economic Research SectorMarje Josing, DirectorEstonian Development FundKitty Kubo, Head of ForesightOtt P rna, Chief Executive OfficerEthiopiaAfrican Institute of Management, Development and GovernanceTegegne Teka, General ManagerFinlandETLA The Research Institute of the Finnish EconomyPetri Rouvinen, Research DirectorPasi Sorjonen, Head of the Forecasting GroupPekka Yl -Anttila, Managing DirectorFranceHEC School of Management, ParisBertrand Moingeon, Professor and Deputy DeanBernard Ramanantsoa, Professor and DeanGambia, TheGambia economic and Social Development Research Institute (GESDRI)Makaireh A.