동작 인식을 위한 3D 센싱 기술 - procon.co.kr

1 3D . / . , / - . (Human-Computer Interaction), (Intelli (Gesture Recognition) , gent Robot), & (Game & Entertain , ment) . , 3D .. , .. [ 1. , ( ) , ( ) ][1]. 102 . 3D . [ 2. (a) XSENS 3D (b) Kinect one ][2][3]. 2002 (Self-Occlusion) , . 2011 .. 3D . ( . , (Computer , . vision) 3D (Depth Image) .. 3D .). , 3D .. [ 2(a)] 3. , .. , 3 . , 3D 2(b) . 3D . (Gesture Recognition) (Depth) .. 3D (MEMS : Micro Electro Mechanical (Translation) . System) (Motion Tracker) (Orientation) , . 3D (Optical 3D Sensor) .. (Motion . Capture) , (Gyro Sensor), . 3D . (Acceleration Sensor), (Geomagnetic.)

2 Sensor) (Motion Sensor) , . ( ) .. 3D . 3D . 2016. 7 103. (2). Gesture based UI from A to Z. 1. Depth Camera 2. Depth Map 3. Skeleton ETRI Z-CUBE. 5. Interactive Contents 4. Gesture Recognition [ 3. ]. [ 4. , ( ) : .. ( ) : ]. (Motion Capture) . , , . 3D .. [ 4]. [ 3] 3D 3D (Projecting) . , (Active Method) (Passive ( - Method) .. ) , , 3D . , .. 3D . 104 . 3D . Projection : Single spot Triangulation Projection (Cosine law) : Sheet of light Moire Projection Colour-coded projection : Bundle of rays Sequential and single fringe Projection Phase shifting Active Pulsed(Lidar).

3 Time-of-flight (TOF) Continuous modulation Time delay (AM, FM ). Light waves f (Speed of light Multi-wavelenght = 100 to 1000 THz & laser coherence) Interferometry (Optically coherent Holographic silhouettes : Photo sculpture detection). Speckle or White light-based Shape from shading Passive Stereopsis : Binocular vision Photogrammetry Focus/de-focus : Confocal microscopy [ 5. 3D ][6].. , . , .. 3D . , .. 3D . 3D (Light wave) . (Optical Sensing) , .. (Triangulation), [ 6(a)] (Baseline) . (Time-of-flight), (interferometry) A, B , C .. C B D1 . D B . D2 .. , 6(b) .. (Baseline).

4 2016. 7 105. (2). C CCD or PSD. Laser Detector D D1 Lens D2.. Measurement . A B Range Baseline [ 6. (a) , (b) ]. [ 7. (a) Konica Minolta: Vivid 910 System (b) SICK : Range System].. , (b) SICK 3D . , / . , .. (Single point laser) , .. , [ 8] .. [ 7(a)] Konica .. Minolta Vivid 910 System 3D . 106 . 3D . [ 8. 3D - ][7]. Binary code Posdamer et al. Inokuchi et al. Minou et al. Trobina Valkenburg and McIvor Time-multiplexing Skocaj and Leonardis Rocchini et al. n-ary codes Caspi et al. Horn and Kiryati Bergmann Sansoni et al. Gray code + Phase shifting Wiora G hring Kosuke Sato Hybird methods Hall-Holt and Rusinkiewicz Maruyama and Abe Durdle et al.

5 Non-formal codification Ito and Ishii Carrihill and Hummel Grey levels Chazan and Kiryati Boyer and Kak Direct coding Chen et al. Hung H gli and Ma tre Colour Tajima and Iwakawa De Bruijn sequences Spatial Ncighborhood Monks et al. Smutny and Pajdla Vuylsteke and Oosterlinck Geng Salvi et al. Wust and Cupson Lavoie et al. Tatsuo Sato Zhang et al. Morita et al. Static M-arrays Scene applicability Petriu et al. Moving Kiyasu et al. Binary Spoelder et al. Pixel depth Grey levels Griffin and Yee Colour Davies and Nixon Periodical Coding strategy Absolute Morano et al. [ 9. ][8].

6 (Plane) .. , 3D , (Pattern Coding) . 3D , (Temporal code) (Spatial . 3D code) . 2016. 7 107. (2). Horizontal Spatial Distribution LSB MSB. 1. Sequence 2. of 3. Projection 4. 5. Projected over time Pattern 3. Pattern 2. Pattern 1. Code : 101 . [ 10. , (a) (b) 3D ]. , 3D .. ( , . ) . , , . , . 1 n .. 3D .. , , .. 10(a) 5 (Gray Code), N-ary . (Binary) ..[8]. , 2^( ) .. 10(a) 5 3D. 2^5 .. 1, 0 1 00000 , . , 2 00001, 3 .. 00010 .. [ 10(b)] Microsoft Kinect 360 , . 108 . 3D . (Structured Light) .. , (Texture). 3D , . (Outdoor) .. , .. 3D , 3D .. (ToF : Time-of-Flight) . 3D.

7 ToF 3D . , ToF . ToF .. [ 11. , (a) Kinect 360 , . (b) 3 ][9]. (Correspondence) .. 11(a) Kinect 360 . , .. , . ( ) .. ( ) .. , . , . , , De , . Bruijn Sequence , M-arrays , . [9].. (Active Stereo Vision) . , , 3D .[10] . 2016. 7 109. (2). IR Emitter . f .[11]. Controller . Object c . Depth =. 2 2 Sensor , . [ 12. (Time-of-Flight) ][11] .. 3D . , . , , / .. [ 13. 3D , Microsoft Kinect360, intel 2D . RealSense, LeapMotionLeapMotionPrimeSense Capri, Microsoft Kinect one, Point Grey Research Bumblebee ( )] 3D .. 2D . ( ) , , , ToF , , 3D .. 3D TV, , . (ToF) .. 3D . TO-CAN VCSEL.

8 (Direct Method) , , .. (In-Direct Method) .. ToF ToF . , QQVGA .. Kinect one . VGA ToF . 110 . 3D .. ToF 3D .. , ToF . 3D . ToF , .. 3D . , < >. [1] . [2] XSENS. [3] Microsoft. [4] [5] [6] A Method and Electronic Device to Detect the Optoelectronic Scanning Signal Energy Centre By Moises Rivas, Wendy Flores, Javier Rivera, Oleg Sergiyenko, Daniel Hernandez- Balbuena and Alejandro Sanchez-Bueno, DOI: [7] [8] Salvi, Joaquim, Jordi Pages, and Joan Batlle. Pattern codification strategies in structured light systems. Pattern recognition (2004) : 827-849. [9] L. Zhang, B. Curless, and S.

9 M. Seitz. Rapid Shape Acquisition Using Color Structured Light and Multi-pass Dynamic Programming. 3 DPVT 2002. [10] SEITZ, Steven M., et al. A comparison and evaluation of multi-view stereo reconstruction algorithms. In: 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'06). IEEE, 2006. p. 519-528. [11] Hansard, M., Lee, S., Choi, O., &Horaud, R. P. (2012). Time-of-flight cameras : principles, methods and applications. Springer Science & Business Media. 2016. 7 111.