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5. Pneumonia 1
Pathophysiology Signs & Symptoms Critical Complications Infection that causes severe inflammation in the lungs which makes the alveoli to fill with mucus, fluid, & debris leading to impaired gas exchange where CO2 can't get out & oxygen now can’t get IN, resulting in hypoxia
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Endocarditis / Pericarditis
d23mojj3wm3gqd.cloudfront.netRENAL FAILURE Acute MI Uremia (High BUN) Causes Signs & Symptoms Treatment Pathophysiology Education Causes Signs & Symptoms + Labs Treatment Pathophysiology • C - Clots in the heart & brain • Risk for stroke CVA - monitor for “agitation” “change in level of consciousness” • Splinter hemorrhages (clots under fingernails) • L ...
1. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
d23mojj3wm3gqd.cloudfront.netIrritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Notes Pathophysiology IBS is an intestinal disorder that affects the large intestines, causing cramping, pain, bloating & either diarrhea or constipation. Keep in mind that IBS is NOT IBD (Inflammatory bowel disease: UC & Chron’s) Perform exercise 3 x per week Keep a journal of symptoms, diet, & stress levels ...
Pressure Injury (pressure ulcer)
d23mojj3wm3gqd.cloudfront.netPressure Injury (pressure ulcer) Med Surg: Integumentary - Skin Pathophysiology Damage to the skin and/or the underlying tissue over a bony prominence, common with bed-ridden clients who are not turned adequately or from a medical device (oxygen therapy) Most common areas: • lower back & buttocks (sacrum & coccyx) • heels & ankles • hip bones
IN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY BASICS DIABETES MELLITUS …
d23mojj3wm3gqd.cloudfront.net“MetaBOLic Syndrome”-Increased risk for diabetes, heart disease, stroke B–BP meds or HTN (over 130 sysolic) B–Blood Sugar Meds (insulin, oral diabetics) or High Blood Sugar (over 100+) O–Obese (waist size: 35+ Female 45+ Male) L–Lipids HIGH Total Cholestrol/Triglyceride/LDL 200-150-100—HDL 40 (higher LDL and lower HDL are risk factors) 3 or MORE criteria* *
Med Surg: GI - Gastrointestinal
d23mojj3wm3gqd.cloudfront.netFancy words for heartburn or acid reflux where stomach acids burn the esophagus, leading to pain, inflammation, & even CANCER called Barrett’s esophagus (if the chronic acid reflux is not treated) Gastro - Stomach Esophageal - Esophagus ... Fried Foods (Fries, fried chicken)
Mental Health Psychiatric Care
d23mojj3wm3gqd.cloudfront.netSeparation anxiety disorder During severe anxiety the mind goes into a state of panic & so the body goes into fight or flight mode turning on the SNS - sympathetic nervous system. The SNS tells the body to shunt blood flow away from the extremities & toward
Need to know medications for NCLEX
d23mojj3wm3gqd.cloudfront.netDuragesic, Sublimaze Fentanyl Morphine Sulfate Morphine Sulfate Vicodin, Norco Hydrocodone Common Brand Names Generic Names Buspar Buspirone Hydrochloride ANTIDEPRESSANTS ... hours =(“patch free” interval of 10-12 hours daily) Imdur Nitroglycerin Isorbid Isordil Sorbitrate Isosorbide Mononitrate Isosorbide Dinitrate Common Brand Names Nitro BID
dizziness, rapid heartbeat, Drug Moa Indication ...
d23mojj3wm3gqd.cloudfront.netpreemie infants between 28 and 33 wk gestational age. Hypersensitivity Tachycardia, feeding intolerance, gastritis ROUTE IV/PO Maintenance dose—starting 24 hr after loading dose 5 mg/kg necrotizing enterocolitis (abdominal distension, vomiting, bloody stools, lethargy). Prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil) relaxes smooth muscle of the
1. Fluid & Electrolytes Cheat Sheet
d23mojj3wm3gqd.cloudfront.netFluid & Electrolytes Cheat Sheet Potassium 3.0 - 3.5 P - Potassium P - Priority! Since it.. P - Pumps the heart & muscles HYPERkalemia (over 3.5) Heart - TIGHT & CONTRACTED 1ST elevation and Peaked T waves 2 Severe = Vfib or Cardiac Standstill! 3 Hypotension, Bradycardia GI TRACT - TIGHT & CONTRACTED 1 Diarrhea 2 Hyperactive bowel sounds …
Stroke ‘’CVA’’ II
d23mojj3wm3gqd.cloudfront.netof care for a patient with suspected embolic stroke? Select All that Apply Obtain a STAT CT of the head Perform neuro assessment Prepare to initiate alteplase within 4.5 hours of symptoms onset Question 2: Priority nursing action for a patient with left-sided weakness, lack of verbal response, and drooping face? Maintain patent airway Stats CT scan
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