6-Application of Information and Communication …

1 US-China Education Review A, ISSN 2161-623X March 2013, Vol. 3, No. 3, 187-194 Application of ICT ( Information and Communication technology ) in the management of Universities in the North-Central State of Nigeria Angie Ijeoma Oboegbulem University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria Ochai Godwin Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Makurdi, Nigeria This study investigated the application of ICT ( Information and Communication technology ) in the management of universities in the north-central Nigeria. The study was a descriptive survey. The population of the study comprised 1,294 respondents in federal and state universities (763 in federal and 531 in state universities).

2 The sample size consists of 446 respondents, 280 in federal and 166 in state universities. These were selected through proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The instrument used for data collection was a 26-item questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using mean and SD (standard deviation) to answer the specific research questions, while t-test statistic was used for the hypotheses. The findings of the study showed that ICT can be applied in the areas of accessing of results online, filling of students personal data and for Communication .

3 A major constraint was non-supply of power to many universities and education centres. It was recommended among others that the federal and state government should improve on the training of students and staff in the use of ICT through seminars, workshops, and conferences. Keywords: ICT ( Information and Communication technology ), management , university Introduction Education is very vital to the pace of social, political, cultural, technological, and economic development of any nation. This could be the reason why most nations of the world allocate a proportion of their GNI (gross national income) to the development of the educational sector.

4 The educational system in Nigeria has been delineated into different levels namely pre-primary, primary, secondary, and tertiary institution levels of which university is inclusive. Adekigbe (2005) defined university as a place of enlightenment, a place for exploring the frontiers, and an institution in which people through the process of socialization, are imbued with the ability, not just to discern things but also to apply theories to explain events, values, the knowledge of the natural order for the pursuits of the common good, and the individual well-being. University is also a place for training high-level manpower and for equipping the individuals to determine their level of performance of future roles.

5 The state of universities in Nigeria seems to be poor. This may be partly as a result of the use of obsolete equipment in data Angie Ijeoma Oboegbulem, , associate professor, Department of Educational Foundations, University of Nigeria. Ochai Godwin, , Department of Educational Foundations and General Studies, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi. DAVID PUBLISHING D APPLICATION OF ICT IN THE management OF UNIVERSITIES 188 collection, processing, storage, and retrieval. The consequences of this may include examination malpractices, cultism, delay in students admission, sharp practices in allocation of hostel accommodation, computation of student s results, and inadequate Communication between students and staff.

6 The prevalent use of obsolete equipment, such as drawer, typewritten machine, cabinet, notice board, and stationeries for staff s and students personnel services has made universities in Nigeria to lag behind in the world university ranking. This is evident from world universities ranking of 2010 in which no university in Nigeria was ranked among the 200 universities in the world in the use of ICT ( Information and Communication technology ) in academic and administrative functions (NUC (National University Commission), 2006). Becta (2008) defined ICT as technology that is used to process, store, transmit, communicate, create, or exchange Information .

7 In order words, ICT is the computing and Communication facilities in education. In the context of this paper, ICT refers to technical systems that receive, manipulate, process, and store data. It facilitates student data management . With developments in Information technology in the past decades, it is expected that ICT will be used to meet the challenges of modern-day university administration. Application of ICT in university will enhance administrative work, reduce occupational stress, and improve students academic performance. The prominent role of ICT could be seen in advancing knowledge and skills necessary for effective functioning in the modern world.

8 There is therefore the need to integrate ICT in universities in north-central Nigeria for effective management . management of university refers to the process of planning, organizing, directing, staffing, coordinating, budgeting for, and reporting on university education system and activities. Obi (2003) defined management as a process designed to ensure the cooperation, participation, intervention, and involvement for effective achievement of university education goals. In other words, management is a social interaction process involving sequence of coordinated events, such as planning, organizing, controlling, supervising, budgeting, and evaluating in order to use available human and material resources to achieve a desired outcome in the fastest and most efficient manner in universities in the north-central zone.

9 North-central zone is one of the geo-political zones among the six zones in Nigeria where there are several universities that share some peculiarities, such as staff personnel and student personnel services in the management of universities. The fact that universities in north-central zone are witnessing a tremendous growth in student enrolment has made the management of universities in north-central zone complex, thereby, creating challenges ranging from the management of staff data, student data, affective records keeping, computation of students results, course registration, supervision of students on campus, and management of school finance.

10 In support of the above view, Adeyemi (2007) argued that there was no time in the history of education in Nigeria when schools and administrators have been faced with such multitudes of challenges. According to him, administrative functions in universities are becoming increasingly complex in terms of enrolment, delay in computation of result and allocation of hostel accommodation. The introduction of ICT in the management of universities could become an antidote in providing effective solutions to staff personnel and student personnel problems that otherwise would have been difficult, if not impossible.