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1 SPINE = 3/8"15963 TRB TCRP rpt 68 MDDPMS 8481 TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD Part-Time Transit Operators: The Trends and ImpactsTRANSIT COOPERATIVERESEARCHPROGRAMTCRPREPORT 68 Sponsored by the Federal Transit AdministrationNATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCILTRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARDN ational Research Council2101 Constitution Avenue, , 20418 ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTEDPart-Time Transit Operators: The Trends and ImpactsTRBTCRP Report 68 TCRP OVERSIGHT AND PROJECT SELECTION COMMITTEECHAIRLINDA S. WATSONC orpus Christi RTAMEMBERSDANNY ALVAREZM iami-Dade Transit AgencyGORDON AOYAGIM ontgomery County GovernmentJEAN PAUL BAILLYU nion Internationale des Transports PublicsJ.

2 BARRY BARKERT ransit Authority of River CityLEE BARNESB arwood, L. BARNESC entral Ohio Transit AuthorityGERALD L. BLAIRI ndiana County Transit AuthorityANDREW BONDS, Transportation Group, I. BROWNSTEINBooz-Allen & Hamilton, L. FREELANDM aryland MTACONSTANCE GARBERYork County Community Action GREENES haron Greene & AssociatesKATHERINE M. HUNTER-ZAWORSKIO regon State UniversityROBERT H. IRWINB ritish Columbia TransitJOYCE HOBSON JOHNSONN orth Carolina A&T State UniversityCELIA G. KUPERSMITHG olden Gate Bridge, Highway andTransportation DistrictPAUL J. LARROUSSEN ational Transit InstituteDAVID A.

3 LEEC onnecticut TransitEVA LERNER-LAMThe Palisades Consulting Group, H. PRINCE, Bay Transportation AuthorityRICHARD J. SIMONETTAP rima Facie, P. SKOUTELASPort Authority of Allegheny CountyPAUL A. TOLIVERKing County MetroHIRAM J. WALKERFTAAMY YORKA malgamated Transit UnionEX OFFICIO MEMBERSWILLIAM W. MILLARAPTAVINCENT F. SCHIMMOLLERFHWAJOHN C. HORSLEYAASHTOROBERT E. SKINNER, EXECUTIVE DIRECTORLOUIS F. SANDERSAPTASECRETARYROBERT J. REILLYTRBTRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 2001 OFFICERSC hair:John M. Samuels, Senior VP-Operations Planning & Support, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk, VAVice Chair: Thomas R.

4 Warne, Executive Director, Utah DOTE xecutive Director: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Transportation Research BoardMEMBERSWILLIAM D. ANKNER, Director, Rhode Island DOTTHOMAS F. BARRY, JR., Secretary of Transportation, Florida DOTJACK E. BUFFINGTON, Associate Director and Research Professor, Mack-Blackwell National RuralTransportation Study Center, University of ArkansasSARAH C. CAMPBELL, President, TransManagement, Inc., washington , DCE. DEAN CARLSON, Secretary of Transportation, Kansas DOTJOANNE F. CASEY, President, Intermodal Association of North AmericaJAMES C. CODELL III, Transportation Secretary, Transportation Cabinet, Frankfort, KYJOHN L.

5 CRAIG, Director, Nebraska Department of RoadsROBERT A. FROSCH, Sr. Research Fellow, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard UniversityGORMAN GILBERT, Director, Oklahoma Transportation Center, Oklahoma State UniversityGENEVIEVE GIULIANO, Professor, School of Policy, Planning, and Development, USC, Los AngelesLESTER A. HOEL, L. A. Lacy Distinguished Professor, Depart. of Civil Engineering, University of VirginiaH. THOMAS KORNEGAY, Exec. Dir., Port of Houston AuthorityBRADLEY L. MALLORY, Secretary of Transportation, Pennsylvania DOTMICHAEL D. MEYER, Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologyJEFFREY R.

6 MORELAND, Exec. VP-Law and Chief of Staff, Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corp., Fort Worth, TX SID MORRISON, Secretary of Transportation, washington State DOTJOHN P. POORMAN, Staff Director, Capital District Transportation Committee, Albany, NYCATHERINE L. ROSS, Executive Director, Georgia Regional Transportation AgencyWAYNE SHACKELFORD, Senior VP, Gresham Smith & Partners, Alpharetta, GA PAUL P. SKOUTELAS, CEO, Port Authority of Allegheny County, Pittsburgh, PAMICHAEL S. TOWNES, Exec. Dir., Transportation District Commission of Hampton Roads, Hampton, VAMARTIN WACHS, Director, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California at BerkeleyMICHAEL W.

7 WICKHAM, Chairman and CEO, Roadway Express, Inc., Akron, OHJAMES A. WILDING, President and CEO, Metropolitan washington Airports AuthorityM. GORDON WOLMAN, Prof. of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins UniversityEX OFFICIO MEMBERSMIKE ACOTT, President, National Asphalt Pavement Association EDWARD A. BRIGHAM, Acting Deputy Admin., Research and Special Programs Administration, BRUCE J. CARLTON, Acting Deputy Administrator, Maritime Administration, JULIE A. CIRILLO, Assist. Admin. & Chief Safety Officer, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, M.

8 COUGHLIN, Director and COO, The American Trucking Associations Foundation, B. FLOWERS (Lt. Gen., Army),Chief of Engineers and Commander, Army Corps ofEngineersHAROLD K. FORSEN, Foreign Secretary, National Academy of EngineeringJANE F. GARVEY, Federal Aviation Administrator, EDWARD R. HAMBERGER, President and CEO, Association of American Railroads JOHN C. HORSLEY, Exec. Dir., American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials S. MARK LINDSEY,Acting Deputy Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, M. LOY (Adm., Coast Guard),Commandant, Coast Guard WILLIAM W.

9 MILLAR, President, American Public Transportation Association MARGO T. OGE, Director, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, EPAVALENTIN J. RIVA, President and CEO, American Concrete Pavement Association VINCENT F. SCHIMMOLLER, Deputy Exec. Dir., Federal Highway Administration, K. SEN, Director, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, L. ROBERT SHELTON III,Exec. Dir., National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, R. THOMAS, Applications Division Dir., Office of Earth Sciences Enterprise, NASAHIRAM J. WALKER, Acting Deputy Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMT ransportation Research Board Executive Committee Subcommittee for TCRPJOHN M.

10 SAMUELS, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk, VA (Chair)LESTER A. HOEL, University of VirginiaWILLIAM W. MILLAR, American Public Transportation AssociationROBERT E. SKINNER, JR., Transportation Research BoardPAUL P. SKOUTELAS,Port Authority of Allegheny County, Pittsburgh, PAMICHAEL S. TOWNES,Transportation District Commission of Hampton Roads, Hampton, VAMARTIN WACHS, Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California at BerkeleyHIRAM J. WALKER,Federal Transit Administration, R. WARNE,Utah DOTTRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD National RESEARCH COUNCILNATIONAL ACADEMY PRESSWASHINGTON, 2001 TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMTCRP REPORT 68 Research Sponsored by the Federal Transit Administration in Cooperation with the Transit Development CorporationSUBJECTAREASP ublic TransitPart-Time Transit Operators.