An Introduction to Isotopic Calculations
Parallel version of equations 4 and 5 pertain to multi-isotopic elements. In the case of oxygen, for example, F F F R 17 18 18 18 1− − = (4a) R R R F 17 18 18 18 1+ + = (5a) Natural variations of isotopic abundances. The isotopes of any element participate in the same chemical reactions. Rates of reaction and transport, however,
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