ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS …

1 ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS Publication No. ECY 97-602 June 1997 Printed on Recycled Paper ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS Prepared by: Washington State Department of Ecology Toxics Cleanup Program And The Ecology Environmental laboratory Publication No. ECY 97-602 June 1997 Printed on Recycled PaperFor additional copies of this document, contact: Department of Ecology Publications Distribution Center PO Box 47600 Olympia, WA 98504-7600 Telephone: (360) 407-7472 The Department of Ecology is an equal opportunity agency and does not discriminate on the basis of race, creed, color, disability, age, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, disabled veteran's status, Vietnam Era veteran's status or sexual orientation.

2 For more information or if you have special accommodation needs, please contact Toxics Cleanup Program at (360) 407-7170. PREFACE LETTER ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS This document contains ANALYTICAL METHODS for analyzing "Total PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS " (TPH) for compliance with the Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA) Cleanup Regulation (chapter 173-340 WAC). The Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology) adopted changes to the MTCA Cleanup Regulation on February 12, 2001. These changes became effective on August 15, 2001.

3 Some of the ANALYTICAL METHODS provided in this document may also be used for analyzing TPH in Oregon (check with the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality for specific requirements). The MTCA Cleanup Regulation sets forth the procedures and requirements for conducting remedial investigations, establishing cleanup standards, and selecting cleanup actions for the cleanup of hazardous waste sites. Part VII of the regulation describes how to establish cleanup levels for hazardous substances. MTCA provides three approaches for establishing TPH cleanup levels: Method A (ARARs and Tables), Method B (Universal method), and Method C (Conditional method).

4 Each of these approaches require specific ANALYTICAL testing METHODS based on soil and/or groundwater contamination and the hazardous substance found on the site. Under Method A, the total approach may be used to collect and analyze the presence, location, and concentration of TPH. This total approach includes two ANALYTICAL METHODS : NWTPH-Gx for gasoline range organics (GRO) and NWTPH-Dx for diesel range organics (DRO) and heavy oils. See Table 830-1 in WAC 173-340-900. Under Method B and Method C, the fractionated approach must be used to collect and analyze the presence, location, and concentration of TPH, except as provided in WAC 173-340-700(8)(b)(ii)(D).

5 This fractionated approach includes two ANALYTICAL METHODS : one for volatile aliphatic and aromatic PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS (VPH) for gasoline range organics (GRO), and another for extractable aliphatic and aromatic PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS (EPH) for diesel range organics (DRO) and heavy fuel oils. See Table 830-1 in WAC 173-340-900. Ecology is in the process of accrediting laboratories for the VPH and EPH ANALYTICAL METHODS . Pending the evaluation of information from the laboratory accreditation process, Ecology will be updating this document.

6 In conjunction with the Evironmental Protection Agency (EPA), Ecology is establishing a laboratory accreditation process. The accreditation of Washington laboratories will provide some assurance of the technical proficiency and competence of a laboratory to assess conformance to a set of prescribed standards. The laboratory accreditation will be a formal recognition that a testing laboratory is competent to carry out tests specifically related to TPH ANALYTICAL testing METHODS . Ecology is currently revising and expanding the TPH guidance document, Guidance for Remediation of PETROLEUM Contaminated Soils, Pub.

7 No. 91-30. The revised document will provide updated and expanded guidance regarding the conduction of remedial investigations, the establishment of cleanup levels, and the selection of cleanup actions for PETROLEUM contaminated sites. Questions about ANALYTICAL METHODS for PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS or the laboratory accreditation process should be directed to Charles San Juan at the Department of Ecology (360-407-7191); e-mail: Access to a variety of technical guidance documents is also available at the Toxics Cleanup Program s Internet address: TABLE OF CONTENTS TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS (TPH) ANALYTICAL DECISION TREE FOR NWTPH NWTPH-HCID - hydrocarbon Identification Method for Soil and Water.

8 1 NWTPH-Gx - Volatile PETROLEUM Products Method for Soil and Water Analyses .. 11 NWTPH-Dx - Semivolatile PETROLEUM Products Method for Soil and Water 19 Method for the Determination of Volatile PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS (VPH) Fractions .. 27 Method for the Determination of Extractable Pet. HYDROCARBONS (EPH) Fractions .. 65 Appendices: Appendix 1: Single laboratory Accuracy, Precision, and Method Detection Limits (MDL) Data for VPH .. 105 Appendix 2: Suggested VPH Data Reporting Format .. 111 Appendix 3: Single laboratory , Accuracy, Precision, and Method Detection Limit (MDL) Data for EPH.

9 115 Appendix 4: Suggested EPH Data Reporting Format .. 121 Appendix 5: Report of Analysis Summary Sheet .. 125 Appendix 6: Chromatograms of PETROLEUM Products*.. 127 * The chromatograms are not available in the electronic version. They are included in the printed publication. TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS (TPH) The following compilation of ANALYTICAL METHODS may be used in Oregon and Washington for Underground Storage Tank cleanups and other cleanups of TPH (check with applicable state rules). Each of these Total PETROLEUM hydrocarbon (TPH) METHODS has its own niche in the overall ANALYTICAL scheme.

10 The METHODS are: Identification Volatile PETROLEUM Products (Extended) Semi-volatile PETROLEUM Products (Extended) NWTPH-HCID is a qualitative and semi-quantitative screen to determine the presence and type of PETROLEUM products that may exist in water or soil. This method should be used if the type of PETROLEUM contamination is unknown. It should be performed on contaminated soil or water that is representative of the contamination at the site. The results of this method will determine what fully quantitative method/ METHODS , if any, are to be used in determining compliance with the matrix criteria.