ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2010 Performance Rating ...

1 PNNL-25130 ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard Performance Rating Method Reference Manual May 2016 PNNL-25130 ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard Performance Rating Method Reference Manual May 2016 Prepared for the Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, Washington 99352 iii Acknowledgments This document was prepared by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for the Department of Energy s (DOE s) Building Energy Codes Program.

2 The authors would like to thank the following organizations and individuals: Commercial Energy Services Network (COMNET) team for developing the framework for thisdocument through the Standard Commercial Building Energy Modeling Guidelines andProcedures. California Energy Commission (CEC) for providing guidance through the Nonresidential AlternativeCalculation Method (NACM) Reference Manual. The Reference Manual has been built-off workoriginally done by COMNET for the Standard Commercial Building Energy ModelingGuidelines and Procedures and by CEC for the NACM Reference Manual.

3 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for their insight. The Noresco team, including Dimitri Contoyannis, Nikhil Kapur, Roger Hedrick, Noah Czech, andFred Porter; David Reddy and Lukas Hovee from 360 Analytics; and Scott Criswell from Wrightsoft. The external peer review team and advisors: Chris Balbach, Performance Systems Development Charles Eley, Eley Associates Gail Hampsmire, Green Building Certification Institute Roger Hedrick, Noresco Michael Patterson, Trane Fred Porter, Noresco William Talbert, MEP Associates, LLC Michael Tillou, Atelier Ten Matthew Wilburn, Rosemarie Bartlett, Rahul Athalye and Jian Zhang at PNNL for multiple technical and editorial reviews.

4 David Cohan and Amir Roth, project managers at DOE Bing Liu, Manager of the Building Energy Codes Program at PNNLS upriya Goel and Michael Rosenberg Pacific Northwest National Laboratory iv Acronyms and Abbreviations ACH air changes per hour AFUE annual fuel utilization efficiency AHRI Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute AHU air handling unit ANSI American National Standards Institute ARI Air-conditioning and Refrigeration Institute ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing Materials BDL building design language C- factor thermal conductance CCF centum cubic feet CRRC Cool Roof Rating Council CFA conditioned floor area cfm cubic feet per minute CHP combined heat and power CHW chilled water COMNET Commercial Energy Services Network COP coefficient of Performance DCV demand controlled ventilation DDC dynamic demand control DOAS dedicated outdoor air system DV displacement ventilation DOE

5 Department of Energy DX direct expansion EA effective aperture Eccombustion efficiency EF energy factor EER energy efficiency ratio EFLH equivalent full load hours EIA Energy Information Administration EILP exterior installed lighting power EIR energy input ratio ERV energy recovery ventilator Et thermal efficiency F- factor heat transfer coefficient of a slab edge unit of perimeter length v FPLR function of part load ratio FT function of temperature HSPF heating seasonal Performance factor HVAC heating, ventilation.

6 And air conditioning HW hot water IES Illuminating Engineering Society ILPA interior lighting power allowance kBtu/hr thousand British thermal units per hour LPD lighting power density MBH thousand British thermal units per hour MCF thousand cubic feet MBtu thousand British thermal units per hour MJ megajoule MMBtu million British thermal units per hour NAECA National Appliance Energy Conservation Act NFRC National Fenestration Rating Council OA outdoor air OAT outdoor air temperature PAF power adjustment factor PFP parallel fan powered PIU powered induction unit PLF part-load fraction PNNL Pacific Northwest National Laboratory PSZ-AC packaged single zone air conditioner PTAC packaged terminal air conditioner PTHP packaged terminal heat pump PRM Performance Rating Method PVAV packaged variable air volume RCR room cavity ratio RDP relative daylight potential SAT supply air temperature SEER seasonal energy efficiency ratio SHGC solar heat gain coefficient SO source orientation SRR skylight

7 Roof ratio SSPC Standing Standard Project Committee TOU time of use U-factor thermal transmittance vi UFAD underfloor air distribution system UMLH unmet load hours VAV variable air volume VRP ventilation rate procedure VT visible light transmittance W watt water column WSHP water source heat pump WWR window-to-wall ratio vii Contents Acknowledgments .. iii Acronyms and Abbreviations .. iv Overview .. Purpose .. Organization .. Type of Project Submittal .. Climate Zones .. General Modeling Procedures.

8 General Requirements for Data from the User .. General .. Definition of Building Descriptors .. Building Envelope Descriptions .. Treatment of Descriptors Not Fully Addressed by this Document .. Space Use Classification .. Thermal Blocks, HVAC Zones, and Space Functions .. Definitions .. Software Modeling Requirements for Zones .. Required Zone Modeling Capabilities .. Modeling Requirements for Unconditioned Spaces .. Modeling Requirements for Parking Garages, Attics, and Crawlspaces.

9 Space Use Classification Considerations .. Unmet Load Hours .. Calculation Procedures .. HVAC Capacity Requirements and Sizing .. Specifying HVAC Capacities for the Proposed Design .. Sizing Equipment in the Baseline Building .. Handling Proposed Design with No HVAC Equipment .. Handling Semi-Heated Spaces for Proposed Design .. Ventilation Requirements .. Building Descriptors Reference .. Overview .. HVAC System Map .. Organization of Information.

10 General Information .. Building Model Classification .. Geographic and Climate Data .. viii Site Characteristics .. Calendar .. Simulation Control .. HVAC Zones .. General Information .. Interior Lighting .. Receptacle Loads .. Occupants .. Natural Ventilation .. Thermal Mass .. Space Uses .. General Information .. Occupants .. Interior Lighting .. Daylighting Control .. Receptacle and Process Loads.