BD 47/99 - Standards for Highways

1 August 1999 DESIGN MANUAL FOR ROADS AND BRIDGESVOLUME 2 HIGHWAY STRUCTURES:DESIGN (SUBSTRUCTURES ANDSPECIAL STRUCTURES),MATERIALSSECTION 3 MATERIALS ANDCOMPONENTSPA RT 4BD 47/99 WATERPROOFING AND SURFACING OFCONCRETE BRIDGE DECKSSUMMARYThis Standard gives the requirements for the designmaterials and workmanship for the waterproofing andsurfacing of the concrete decks of highway bridges andis to be read in conjunction with the Specification forHighway Works. It supersedes BD 47 FOR BD 47/94 from Volume 2, Section 3,Part 4 of the DMRB, which is superseded byBD 47/99 , and archive as BD 47/99 into Volume 2, Sections 3,Part this sheet at : A quarterly index with a full set of VolumeContents Pages is available separately from TheStationery Office COPY NOT FOR USE OUTSIDE THE COPIES OF THIS ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT ARE UNCONTROLLED BD 47/99 Waterproofing and Surfacingof Concrete Bridge DecksTHE Highways AGENCYTHE SCOTTISH EXECUTIVE DEVELOPMENTDEPARTMENTTHE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY FOR WALESCYNULLIAD CENEDLAETHOL CYMRUDEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT FORNORTHERN IRELANDDESIGN MANUAL FOR ROADS AND BRIDGESS ummary:This Standard gives the requirements for the design materials andworkmanship for the waterproofing and surfacing of the concrete decks ofhighway bridges and is to be read in conjunction with the Specification forHighway Works.

2 It supersedes BD 47 COPY NOT FOR USE OUTSIDE THE COPIES OF THIS ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT ARE UNCONTROLLEDV olume 2 Section 3 Part 4 BD 47/99 August 1999 REGISTRATION OF AMENDMENTSA mendPage NoSignature & Date ofAmendPage NoSignature & Date ofNoincorporation ofNoincorporation ofamendmentsamendmentsRegistration of AmendmentsELECTRONIC COPY NOT FOR USE OUTSIDE THE COPIES OF THIS ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT ARE UNCONTROLLEDV olume 2 Section 3 Part 4 BD 47/99 August 1999 REGISTRATION OF AMENDMENTSA mendPage NoSignature & Date ofAmendPage NoSignature & Date ofNoincorporation ofNoincorporation ofamendmentsamendmentsRegistration of AmendmentsELECTRONIC COPY NOT FOR USE OUTSIDE THE COPIES OF THIS ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT ARE UNCONTROLLEDVOLUME 2 HIGHWAY STRUCTURES:DESIGN (SUBSTRUCTURES ANDSPECIAL STRUCTURES),MATERIALSSECTION 3 MATERIALS ANDCOMPONENTSPA RT 4BD 47/99 WATERPROOFING AND SURFACING OFCONCRETE BRIDGE of Deck Deck and of on on Footways Central Reserves A:Procedures to Enable the Use ofWaterproofing Systems in HighwayContractsAppendix B:Certification Test Requirements forWaterproofing Systems on ConcreteBridge DecksAppendix C:Procedures and Requirements forCertification Site Trials for PermittedWaterproofing SystemsDESIGN MANUAL FOR ROADS AND BRIDGESA ugust 1999 ELECTRONIC COPY NOT FOR USE OUTSIDE THE COPIES OF THIS ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT ARE UNCONTROLLEDV olume 2 Section 3 Part 4 BD 47/99 August 19991/1 Chapter 1 Introduction1.

3 Decks of highway bridges are protected toprevent surface water from coming into contact with thestructure. This is achieved by the provision of adequatedrainage and by waterproofing the upper surface of thedeck. Such waterproofing has to be sufficiently robust toresist transient vehicular loading, maintain goodadhesion to the deck and the surfacing, be resistant tode-icing salts and possess long term road surfacing materials are notsufficiently waterproof to protect bridge waterproofing is achieved by applying amembrane on to the structural Standard updates BD 47/94 (DMRB )which superseded BE 27 (DMRB ) which is nowcancelled. It should be read in conjunction with BA 47(DMRB ) and the Specification for HighwayWorks (MCHW 1). where a standard specified in thisdocument implements or is technically equivalent to aHarmonised European Standard or to a EuropeanStandard adopted for use within the European EconomicArea after 31 December 1985, any requirements forproducts or materials to comply with the specifiedstandard shall be satisfied by compliance withi)a relevant standard or code of practice of anational Standards institution or equivalentbody of any member state of the EuropeanEconomic Areaorii)any relevant international standardrecognised in any member state of theEuropean Economic Areaoriii)a relevant technical specificationacknowledged for use as a standard by apublic authority of any member state of theEuropean Economic Areaoriv)

4 Traditional procedures of manufacture of amember state of the European EconomicArea where these are the subject of awritten technical description sufficientlydetailed to permit assessment of the goodsor materials for the use specifiedprovided that the proposed standard, code of practice,technical specification or technical description providesin use levels of safety, suitability and fitness for purposeequivalent to those required by the specified standard inso far as they are not inconsistent with the EssentialRequirements of the Construction Products Directive(89/106/EEC). reference is made to the British Board ofAgr ment (BBA) the equivalent assessment body in anymember state of the European Economic Area will alsobe tests are carried out in other MemberStates these requirements shall be satisfied if the TestHouse is accredited in a member state of the EuropeanEconomic Area in accordance with the relevant part ofthe EN 45000 series of Standards for the tests and Registration systems are required to have aBBA Roads and Bridges Agr ment Certificate beforethey may be installed on concrete bridge decksconstructed, improved, or maintained in compliance withthe Specification for Highway Works (MCHW 1).

5 Requirements are given in Appendices A, B, and C. Inaddition, waterproofing systems are required to beregistered with the Overseeing Registration is administered by theHighways Agency on behalf of all the Standard contains new Certification testrequirements. New certificates will be required from1 June systems that have been grantedDepartmental Registration are listed in SA1 ( ). The details in the Advice Note are updated by theOverseeing Organisations on a regular Standard should be used forthwith on allschemes for the construction, improvement, andmaintenance of trunk roads, including motorways,currently being prepared, provided that, in the opinion ofthe Overseeing Organisation, this would not result insignificant additional expense or delay. DesignOrganisations should confirm its application toparticular schemes with the Overseeing COPY NOT FOR USE OUTSIDE THE COPIES OF THIS ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT ARE UNCONTROLLEDV olume 2 Section 3 Part 4 BD 47/99 August 19992/1 Chapter 2 Scope2.

6 Standard specifies the requirements forwaterproofing and surfacing concrete bridge decks andshall apply generally to new works and whereappropriate to the maintenance and repair of existingworks. It describes the design and registrationrequirements for waterproofing systems for use onconcrete decks of highway types of bridge decks covered by thisStandard are described but the waterproofing of otherparts of bridge structures (eg below ground surfaces,piers and abutments and other salt spray susceptibleareas) are not the purpose of this Standard, concretebridges are deemed to include accommodation bridgestogether with tunnels, box type underpasses, culvertsand cattle creeps etc except when such structures areconstructed by thrust boring or tunnel techniques wherethe external faces are inaccessible for the application ofwaterproofing. In such cases reference should be madeto the appropriate Overseeing the case of tunnels and box type underpasses wherethe bottom slab carries traffic and also where a groundslab is used in a traffic underpass, the slab carryingtraffic shall be waterproofed and surfaced as a requirements for waterproofing the top slabsof concrete buried structures are included.

7 For concretepipes or curved arch sections reference should be madeto Clauses 2004 and 2006 of the Specification(MCHW 1).Steel for the waterproofing andsurfacing of steel decks are not included in this Standardand the treatment of such decks shall be consideredindividually for each case using the most appropriatetechniques available at the time and agreed with theTechnical Approval Authority (TAA). for the waterproofing andsurfacing of footbridges are not included in thisStandard and the treatment of such structures shall beconsidered individually for each case using the mostappropriate techniques available at the time and agreedwith the Steel Buried for the waterproofing of corrugatedsteel buried structures are given in BD 12 (DMRB ). waterproofing of aqueducts is not within thescope of this Standard, and the treatment of suchstructures shall be considered individually for each caseusing the most appropriate techniques available at thetime and agreed with the TAA, except where the top ofthe aqueduct is over-slabbed and carries a highway, inwhich case the top slab is considered as a bridge COPY NOT FOR USE OUTSIDE THE COPIES OF THIS ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT ARE UNCONTROLLEDV olume 2 Section 3 Part 4 BD 47/99 August 19993/1 Chapter 3 Definitions3.

8 DEFINITIONSW aterproofing material or combination of materials whichform an impervious membrane, including whereappropriate a protective layer, for ordered application toa bridge deck to protect it from the ingress of water andde-icing Waterproofing System (PWS) waterproofing system (proprietary or non-proprietary) which is in accordance with therequirements and conditions of this forming part of a PermittedWaterproofing System laid on the waterproofingmembrane to protect it from damage Protective Layer (APL) material complying with of the Specification (MCHW 1) laid on specifiedareas of the complete waterproofing system to protect itfrom damage during construction, surfacing andresurfacing , footway, central reserve and verge wearingcourse or combination of wearing course and system for draining water from within for Highway Works (MCHW 1).ELECTRONIC COPY NOT FOR USE OUTSIDE THE COPIES OF THIS ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT ARE UNCONTROLLEDV olume 2 Section 3 Part 4 BD 47/99 August 19994/14.

9 DRAINAGES urface Water water shall be removed from the bridgedeck by the provision of falls and suitable drainageoutlets, continuous drainage channels etc. Advice onsurface water drainage is given in BA 47 ( ).Sub-surface surfacing is porous and can retainsurface water. Where the geometry of the deck or deckmovement joints prevents this water from drainingnaturally through surface drainage, sub-surface drainsshall be provided. Advice on sub-surface water drainageis given in BA 47 (DMRB ).Drainage of Service Bays and service bays shall have provision fordrainage. Wherever possible service bays shall be leftunfilled. If a statutory undertaker requires a filling to beused it shall be a free draining material as described inparagraph Where surface or sub-surface waterflows towards a bridge from the approaches suitableupstands and drainage outlets shall be provided toprevent water entering the service bays and leaking intoexpansion Materials for Footways, Central Reservesand possible make-up material of either no-fines concrete or other free draining materials orconcrete shall be used over the waterproofing.

10 Whereloose filling is required it should be a material such as10mm nominal single size aggregate rather than drainage shall be for the drainage of water from bridgesshall be so detailed that water is not allowed to fallfreely from the bridge deck. Closed drainage systemsshall be provided, and these systems shall be fullyprovided with facilities for rodding and other necessarymaintenance. It is essential that drainage systems aresufficiently robust to withstand damage during cleaning,and resistant to all commonly occurring chemicalspillages. Drainage systems shall not contain detailswhich are integral with structural elements. Drainagewaters from bridge decks shall not be exhausted into thedrainage layers behind 4 DrainageELECTRONIC COPY NOT FOR USE OUTSIDE THE COPIES OF THIS ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT ARE UNCONTROLLEDV olume 2 Section 3 Part 4 BD 47/99 August 1999 Chapter 5 Detailing of Deck Waterproofing5/15. DETAILING OF DECK waterproofing shall be continuous and coverthe entire deck between parapet upstands includingfootways, central reserves, verges, service bays andunder kerbs (see Detail 1).