生産性低迷の原因と向上策 - Cabinet Office

1 6 2020 4 15 . JETRO .. 1. 1 .. 1955-2015 .. TFP .. GDP .. (2020) .. 1868-2018 .. 2. 1 . 2012 59 . 52 . 37 TFP .. 2014 . 2010 0 20 40 60 80 Korea Japan OECD - Total European Union (28 . Italy United Kingdom Labor quality gap Canada TFP gap Euro area (19 countries). Australia Labor producivity G7 level index Germany Labor producivity level index France United States OECD Statistics, Jorgenson, Dale W., Koji Nomura,3and Jon D. Samuels (2016). 1 . 2005-15 . TFP 2 . R&D .. 1995-2005 2005-2015 . TFP .. (2019) . JIP 2018 .. 4. 19-P-022 . 1 .. TFP .. TFP .. TFP .. Gordon (2012) . 5.. 1 . 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 . 6. 2 .. 2011 1,000 . 71 . 2013 20-49 Source: OECD (2016), Entrepreneurship at a Glance. 100 250 =100 . 50. 0. 2006 . 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%. 1 to 4. 5 to 9 . 10 to 19. 20 to 49. 50 to 99. 100 to 249. 250 to 499. 500 to 999. 1,000+ 7.)

2 The Business Dynamics Statistics for the United States . 2 . (Oi and Idson 1999).. TFP .. 1000+/100 . 100~999/100 .. (2014) .. 649 1975 1980 1990 2000 2010. 1975 1980 1990 2000 2010 1975 1980 1990 2000 2010. 8. Labor quality Capital-labor ratio TFP Wage gap Labor productivity gap 2 .. 1996 . 1994 . TFP .. R&D OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard ICT .. Fukao, Kyoji, Kenta Ikeuchi, YoungGak Kim, and Hyeog Ug Kwon (2016) Why Was Japan Left Behind in the ICT Revolution? Telecommunications Policy, 40(5): 432-449.. 9. 2 .. % 0-2 3-5 6-10 11 . 100. 90. 80. 70. Share of firms 60. 50. 40. 30. 20. 10. 0. 1996 2001 2006 2009 2012 2014 Avg. BRA HUN ESP NZL LUX GBR AUT FRA NLD USA NOR PRT CAN SWE BEL ITA FIN. Other countries (2001-2011). 11 .. 10. 2 . 3 5 .. 11. 3 . 3 .. 2007 .. 1990 140 . 2015 6 =100.. 120. 100. 80. 60.

3 40.. 20. 0. 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69. 12. OECD economic Surveys: Japan 2017 .. 3 . 60 .. Labor Force Paticipation Rate by Age and Status in Employment: Female (%, 2013). 100. 90. 80. 70. 60. 50. 40. 30. 20. 10. 0. 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70- Regular employees Non-regular employees Other 13. Source: Labour Force survey 4.. (2020) . JIP2018.. 4 . 6 . 14. 4.. No.. No.. OECD ICT . 1990 . GDP . Krugman GDP .. Relative price: 2012 Japan/US. Telephone call (within city) Telephone call (400 km) R&D Minimum charge for telephone line (business use) TFP Telephone call (international ). High-speed digital leased line International leased line Minimum charge for ADSL internet connection 2008 RIETI DP 08-J-050 Cellular phone call charge (one minute) Cellular phone monthly fee (packaged plan) TFP Packaged software (average cost to purchase 100 sets of Windows Vista, Word 2007, and Excel 2007).

4 Outsourcing of payroll accounting 15. Fukao, Ikeuchi, Kim and Kwon (2016). 4.. 2000 .. GVC .. Task Timmer and de Vries 2019 .. TFP Oulton IARIW Timmer Diewert .. (2019) . RIETI Discussion Paper Series 19-J-064 . ICT 16.. 55. 50 .. 45 .. 40.. 35.. 30. 25.. TFP 20.. 15.. 10.. 5. 0. 1885. 1890. 1895. 1900. 1905. 1910. 1915. 1920. 1925. 1930. 1935. 1940. 1945. 1950. 1955. 1960. 1965. 1970. 1975. 1980. 1985. 1990. 1995. 2000. 2005. 2010. 2015. -5. -10. 2020 . 17. -15 1868-2018 . ICT R&D .. 2019 18.. 2019 19. 5.. 1918-20 .. The Economist, Daily Chart, March 31st, 2020 20. 5.. 1919/1914 . 1 .. 0.. 1918-19 . 21. (1923) . 5.. Google 2020 1 3 . TSR . 2020 2 3 . 2020 ..0007..0006. default_rev_pred_p50_prefec ..0005..0004. (2020) .. Google TSR ..0003. Special Report 2020 4 13 . 0 .1. change_num_Grocery 22. 5.. 23.