CONSTITUTION OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION1

1 CONSTITUTION OF WHO1 Basic Documents, Forty-fifth edition, Supplement, October 2006 This text replaces that on pages 1-18 of the Forty-fifth edition ofBasic documents, followingthe coming into force of amendments adopted by the Fifty-first WORLD HEALTH THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION1 THE STATESP arties to this CONSTITUTION declare, in conformity with theCharter of the United Nations, that the following principles are basic to thehappiness, harmonious relations and security of all peoples: HEALTH is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being andnot merely the absence of disease or enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of HEALTH is one of thefundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race,religion, political belief, economic or social HEALTH of all peoples is fundamental to the attainment of peace andsecurity and is dependent upon the fullest co-operation of individualsand achievement of any State in the promotion and protection of healthis of value to development in different countries in the promotion of healthand control of disease, especially communicable disease, is a development of the child is of basic importance.

2 The ability tolive harmoniously in a changing total environment is essential to extension to all peoples of the benefits of medical, psychologicaland related knowledge is essential to the fullest attainment of opinion and active co-operation on the part of the public are ofthe utmost importance in the improvement of the HEALTH of the have a responsibility for the HEALTH of their peoples whichcan be fulfilled only by the provision of adequate HEALTH and THESE PRINCIPLES, and for the purpose of co-operationamong themselves and with others to promote and protect the HEALTH of allpeoples, the Contracting Parties agree to the present CONSTITUTION and1 The CONSTITUTION was adopted by the International HEALTH Conference held in New York from 19 Juneto 22 July 1946, signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Off.)

3 Rec. Wld Hlth Org., 2,100), and entered into force on 7 April 1948. Amendments adopted by the Twenty-sixth, Twenty-ninth,Thirty-ninth and Fifty-first WORLD HEALTH Assemblies (resolutions , , ) came into force on 3 February 1977, 20 January 1984, 11 July 1994 and 15 September 2005respectively and are incorporated in the present text. 1 BASICDOCUMENTS, Supplement 20062hereby establish the WORLD HEALTH Organization as a specialized agencywithin the terms of Article57of the Charter of the United OBJECTIVEA rticle 1 The objective of the WORLD HEALTH Organization(hereinafter called theOrganization)shall be the attainment by all peoples of the highest possiblelevel of FUNCTIONSA rticle 2In order to achieve its objective, the functions of the Organization shallbe:(a)to act as the directing and co-ordinating authority on internationalhealth work.

4 (b)to establish and maintain effective collaboration with the UnitedNations, specialized agencies , governmental HEALTH administrations,professional groups and such other organizations as may be deemedappropriate;(c)to assist Governments, upon request, in strengthening HEALTH services;(d)to furnish appropriate technical assistance and, in emergencies, neces-sary aid upon the request or acceptance of Governments;(e)to provide or assist in providing, upon the request of the UnitedNations, HEALTH services and facilities to special groups, such as thepeoples of trust territories;(f)to establish and maintain such administrative and technical services asmay be required, including epidemiological and statistical services;(g)to stimulate and advance work to eradicate epidemic, endemic andother diseases;(h)to promote, in co-operation with other specialized agencies where nec-essary, the prevention of accidental injuries;(i)to promote, in co-operation with other specialized agencies where nec-essary, the improvement of nutrition, housing, sanitation, recreation,economic or working conditions and other aspects of environmentalhygiene;(j)to promote co-operation among scientific and professional groupswhich contribute to the advancement of HEALTH .

5 (k)to propose conventions, agreements and regulations, and make recom-mendations with respect to international HEALTH matters and to performCONSTITUTION OF WHO3such duties as may be assigned thereby to the Organization and areconsistent with its objective;(l)to promote maternal and child HEALTH and welfare and to foster the abil-ity to live harmoniously in a changing total environment;(m)to foster activities in the field of mental HEALTH , especially those affect-ing the harmony of human relations;(n)to promote and conduct research in the field of HEALTH ;(o)to promote improved standards of teaching and training in the HEALTH ,medical and related professions;(p)to study and report on, in co-operation with other specialized agencieswhere necessary, administrative and social techniques affecting publichealth and medical care from preventive and curative points of view,including hospital services and social security;(q)to provide information, counsel and assistance in the field of HEALTH ;(r)to assist in developing an informed public opinion among all peopleson matters of HEALTH ;(s)to establish and revise as necessary international nomenclatures of dis-eases, of causes of death and of public HEALTH practices;(t)to standardize diagnostic procedures as necessary.

6 (u)to develop, establish and promote international standards with respectto food, biological, pharmaceutical and similar products;(v)generally to take all necessary action to attain the objective of MEMBERSHIP ANDASSOCIATEMEMBERSHIPA rticle 3 Membership in the Organization shall be open to all 4 Members of the United Nations may becomeMembers of the Organiza-tion by signing or otherwise accepting this CONSTITUTION in accordance withthe provisions of ChapterXIXand in accordance with their 5 The States whose Governments have been invited to send observers tothe International HEALTH Conference held in NewYork, 1946, may becomeBASICDOCUMENTS, Supplement 20064 Members by signing or otherwise accepting this CONSTITUTION in accordancewith the provisions of ChapterXIXand in accordance with their constitu-tional processes provided that such signature or acceptance shall be com-pleted before the first session of the HEALTH 6 Subject to the conditions of any agreement between the United Nationsand the Organization, approved pursuant to ChapterXVI.

7 States which donot becomeMembers in accordance with Articles4and5may apply tobecomeMembers and shall be admitted asMembers when their applicationhas been approved by a simple majority vote of the HEALTH 71If aMember fails to meet its financial obligations to the Organization orin other exceptional circumstances, the HEALTH Assembly may, on such con-ditions as it thinks proper, suspend the voting privileges and services towhich aMember is entitled. The HEALTH Assembly shall have the authorityto restore such voting privileges and 8 Territories or groups of territories which are not responsible for the con-duct of their international relations may be admitted as AssociateMembersby the HEALTH Assembly upon application made on behalf of such territoryor group of territories by theMember or other authority having responsibil-ity for their international relations.

8 Representatives of AssociateMembersto the HEALTH Assembly should be qualified by their technical competencein the field of HEALTH and should be chosen from the native population. Thenature and extent of the rights and obligations of AssociateMembers shallbe determined by the HEALTH ORGANSA rticle 9 The work of the Organization shall be carried out by:(a)The WORLD HEALTH Assembly(herein called the HEALTH Assembly);(b)The ExecutiveBoard(hereinafter called theBoard);(c)The amendment to this Article adopted by the Eighteenth WORLD HEALTH Assembly ( ) has not yet come into OF WHO5 CHAPTERV THEWORLDHEALTHASSEMBLYA rticle 10 The HEALTH Assembly shall be composed of delegates 11 EachMember shall be represented by not more than three delegates, oneof whom shall be designated by theMember as chief delegate.

9 These dele-gates should be chosen from among persons most qualified by their techni-cal competence in the field of HEALTH , preferably representing the nationalhealth administration of 12 Alternates and advisers may accompany 13 The HEALTH Assembly shall meet in regular annual session and in suchspecial sessions as may be necessary. Special sessions shall be convened atthe request of theBoard or of a majority of 14 The HEALTH Assembly, at each annual session, shall select the country orregion in which the next annual session shall be held, theBoard subse-quently fixing the place. TheBoard shall determine the place where a spe-cial session shall be 15 TheBoard, after consultation with the Secretary-General of the UnitedNations, shall determine the date of each annual and special 16 The HEALTH Assembly shall elect its President and other officers at thebeginning of each annual session.

10 They shall hold office until their succes-sors are 17 The HEALTH Assembly shall adopt its own rules of , Supplement 20066 Article 18 The functions of the HEALTH Assembly shall be:(a)to determine the policies of the Organization;(b)to name theMembers entitled to designate a person to serve on theBoard;(c)to appoint theDirector-General;(d)to review and approve reports and activities of theBoard and of theDirector-General and to instruct theBoard in regard to matters uponwhich action, study, investigation or report may be considered desira-ble;(e)to establish such committees as may be considered necessary for thework of the Organization;(f)to supervise the financial policies of the Organization and to review andapprove the budget;(g)to instruct theBoard and theDirector-General to bring to the attentionofMembers and of international organizations, governmental or non-governmental, any matter with regard to HEALTH which the HealthAssembly may consider appropriate.