CP2104 - Silicon Labs

1 Rev. 1/17 Copyright 2017 by Silicon LaboratoriesCP2104CP2104 SINGLE-CHIP USB-TO-UART BRIDGES ingle-Chip USB to UART Data Transfer Integrated USB transceiver; no external resistors required Integrated clock; no external crystal required Integrated 1024-Byte One-Time Programmable ROM for customizable product information On-chip power-on reset circuit On-chip voltage regulator: V outputUSB Function Controller USB Specification compliant; full-speed (12 Mbps) USB Suspend states supported via SUSPEND and SUSPEND pinsAsynchronous Serial Data BUS (UART) All handshaking and modem interface signals Data formats supported: - Data bits: 5, 6, 7, and 8- Stop bits: 1, , and 2- Parity: odd, even, mark, space, no parity Baud rates: 300 bps to 2 Mbits 576 byte receive buffer.

2 576 byte transmit buffer Hardware or X-On/X-Off handshaking supported Four GPIO signals for status and control Configurable I/O ( V to VDD) using VIO pin Configurable I/O (VDD to 5 V) using external pull-up RS-485 mode with bus transceiver controlVirtual COM Port Device Drivers Works with Existing COM Port PC Applications Royalty-Free Distribution License Windows 7 /Vista /XP /Server 2003 /2000 Mac OS-X Linux USBX press Direct Driver Support Royalty-Free Distribution License Windows 7/Vista/XP/Server 2003/2000 Windows CE , , and Applications Upgrade of RS-232 legacy devices to USB Upgrade of RS-485 legacy devices to USB Cellular phone USB interface cable PDA USB interface cable USB to RS-232 serial adapterSupply Voltage Self-powered: to V USB bus powered: to V I/O voltage.

3 V to VDDP ackage RoHS-compliant 24-pin QFN (4x4 mm)Ordering Part Number CP2104 -F03-GMTemperature Range: 40 to +85 CFigure 1. Example System DiagramCP2104 VoltageRegulator48 MHz OscillatorINOUTSUSPENDSUSPENDREGINGNDRST D+D-UARTRIDCDCTSRTSRXDTXDDSRDTRE xternal RS-232 transceiver or UART circuitry(to external circuitry for USB suspend states)VBUSD-D+GNDUSB CONNECTORVDDVBUSUSB FunctionControllerUSBT ransceiver576B TX Buffer576B RX Buffer1024B (to external circuitry for status and control)4 VIOE xternal voltage supply or direct connection to VDDVPPFor newer designs, the CP2102N devices offer compatible footprints and are recommended for use insteadof the CP2104 .

4 See the Silicon labs website ( ) for more OF CONTENTSS ectionPage1. System Overview ..42. Electrical Characteristics ..53. Pinout and Package Definitions ..84. QFN-24 Package Specifications ..105. USB Function Controller and Transceiver ..126. Asynchronous Serial Data Bus (UART) Interface .. Baud Rate Generation ..137. GPIO Pins .. Transmit and Receive Toggle .. RS-485 Transceiver Bus Control .. Hardware Flow Control (RTS and CTS) ..158. One-Time Programmable ROM ..169. Voltage Regulator ..1710. CP2104 Device Drivers .. Virtual COM Port Drivers .. USBX press Drivers .. Driver Customization .. Driver Certification ..1911. Relevant Application Notes.

5 20 Document Change List .. 21CP21044 Rev. System OverviewThe CP2104 is a highly-integrated USB-to-UART Bridge Controller providing a simple solution for updatingRS-232/RS-485 designs to USB using a minimum of components and PCB space. The CP2104 includes a full-speed function controller, USB transceiver, oscillator, one-time programmable ROM, and asynchronousserial data bus (UART) with full modem control signals in a compact 4 x 4 mm QFN-24 package (sometimes called MLF or MLP ). No other external USB components are on-chip one-time programmable ROM may be used to customize the USB Vendor ID, Product ID, ProductDescription String, Power Descriptor, Device Release Number, Device Serial Number, and GPIO configuration asdesired for OEM Virtual COM Port (VCP) device drivers provided by Silicon labs allow a CP2104 -based product toappear as a COM port to PC applications.

6 The CP2104 UART interface implements all RS-232/RS-485 signals,including control and handshaking signals, so existing system firmware does not need to be modified. The devicealso features up to four GPIO signals that can be user-defined for status and control information. Support for I/Ointerface voltages down to V is provided via a VIO pin. In many existing RS-232 designs, all that is required toupdate the design from RS-232 to USB is to replace the RS-232 level-translator with the CP2104 . Direct accessdriver support is available through the Silicon labs USBX press driver set. See for the latestapplication notes and product support information for the evaluation kit for the CP2104 (Part Number: CP2104EK) is available.

7 It includes a CP2104 -based USB-to-UART/RS-232 evaluation board, a complete set of VCP device drivers, USB and RS-232 cables, and fulldocumentation. Contact a Silicon labs sales representatives or go to to order the CP2104 Evaluation Electrical CharacteristicsTable 1. Absolute Maximum RatingsParameterConditionsMinTypMax UnitsAmbient Temperature Under Bias 55 125 CStorage Temperature 65 150 CVoltage on RST, GPIO or UART Pin with respect to GNDVIO > VVIO < V + on VBUS with respect to GNDVDD > VVDD not powered + on VDD or VIO with respect to GND Total Current through VDD, VIO, and GND 500mAMaximum Output Current Sunk by RST or any I/O pin 100mANote:Stresses above those listed may cause permanent damage to the device.

8 This is a stress rating only, and functional operation of the devices at or exceeding the conditions in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device 2. Global DC Electrical CharacteristicsVDD= to V, 40 to +85 C unless otherwise UnitsDigital Supply Voltage (VDD) Port I/O Supply Voltage (VIO) VDDVV oltage on VPP with respect to GND during aROM programming operationVIO > VIO + on VPP for ROM programming FSupply Current1 Normal Operation; VREG Enabled Current1 Suspended;VREG Enabled 100200 ASupply Current USB Pull-up2 200228 ASpecified Operating Temperature Range 40 +85 the device is connected to the USB bus, the USB Pull-up Current should be added to the supply current for total supply The USB Pull-up supply current values are calculated values based on USB 3.

9 UART and Suspend I/O DC Electrical CharacteristicsVDD= to V, VIO = V to VDD, 40 to +85 C unless otherwise High Voltage (VOH)IOH= 10 AIOH= 3mAIOH= 10mAVIO VIO VOutput Low Voltage (VOL)IOL=10 AIOL= VInput High Voltage (VIH) x VIO VInput Low Voltage (VIL) Leakage CurrentWeak Pull-Up OffWeak Pull-Up On, VIN = 0 V 25150 AMaximum Input VoltageOpen drain, logic high (1) 4. Reset Electrical Characteristics 40 to +85 C unless otherwise Input High x VIO VRST Input Low Voltage RST Low Time to Generate a System Reset15 sVDD Ramp Time for Power On 1msTable 5. Voltage Regulator Electrical Specifications 40 to +85 C unless otherwise Typ Max UnitsInput Voltage VOutput VoltageOutput Current = 1 to 100 mA* Detection Input VBias Current 120 A*Note: The maximum regulator supply current is 100 mA.

10 This includes the supply current of the 6. GPIO Output Specifications 40 to +85 C unless otherwise specifiedParameterConditionsMinTypMaxUni tsRS-485 Active Time After Stop Bit 1 bit time*TX Toggle Rate 10 HzRX Toggle Rate 10 Hz*Note: Bit-time is calculated as 1 / baud Pinout and Package DefinitionsTable 7. CP2104 Pin DefinitionsNamePin #TypeDescriptionVDD6 Power InPower OutPower Supply Voltage Regulator Output. See Section In I/O Supply Voltage Must be tied to I/ODevice Reset. Open-drain output of internal POR or VDD monitor. An external source can initiate a system reset by driving this pin low for the time specified in Table In5 V Regulator Input.