CYCLING IN THE CITY - City of New York

1 CYCLING IN THE CITYC ycling Trends in NYC2018 CYCLING in the CityTable of ContentsIntroductionMethodsA SnapshotNumber of CyclistsCommuters and Trips per DayTrends over TimeCitywide Total and Frequent CyclistsDaily CyclingCommuters by BoroughPeer CitiesEast River BridgesGrowth by BridgeMidtownUptownCiti BikeAppendixData Types, Sources, and LimitationsEstimate of Daily CyclingEast River Bridge Average TripsMidtown Average TripsUptown Average TripsIntroductionCycling in the city Centre St, Manhattan333 Overthepasttwodecades,NewYorkCityhasseen tremendousgrowthincycling,reflectingbroa deffortstoexpandthecity ,NewYorkCityDepartmentofTransportation(D OT)establishedabicycleprogramtooverseede velopmentofthecity , ,whichsetambitiousgoalstowardcreatingamo resustainablecity,andhavebeenexpandedfur ther withincreasedemphasisontransportationsaf etyandequity ,DOThasexpandedandenhancedtheon-streetbi kenetworkbynearly330miles,includingmoret han68protectedlanemiles, , ,alongwiththemilesofnewgreenwaypathsinpu blicparks,andtheintroductionofbikeshare, ,Bronxwood, ,whiletheexpandingreachofCitiBikemakescy clingincreasinglymoreconvenientforquickt ripsandmulti-modalcommutes ,whichwillbeupdatedannually,seekstoanswe rtwobasicquestions: HowfrequentlyareNewYorkersusingcyclingas amodeoftransportation?

2 Howisthatfrequencychangingovertime?Under standingwhoisbikinginNewYorkCityandhowof tentheyrideisincrediblyvaluable, , , , ,DOTpartneredwiththeNewYorkCityDepartmen tofHealthandMentalHygiene(DOHMH)toinclud eseveralquestionsaboutcyclinginDOHMH ,andexpandingin2013,thesequestionsshedli ghtonhowfrequentlyNewYorkCityresidentscy cleeachday,eachweek,andeachyear, ,thesesurveysprovideamoreholisticapproac htoquantifyingcyclingactivity,especially whenusedincombinationwithnationalsurveys ,on-goingbikecounts, , , ,pleaseconsulttheDataTypes,Sources, in the city St Nicholas Ave, Manhattan44 CYCLING in the CityA Snapshot124%of adult New Yorkers, nearly million people, ride a bike (at least once in past year)Community Health Survey Population Estimate = million Adult New Yorkers. NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene 2016 Community Health Survey 0A SnapshotCycling in the city Glen Oaks Oval, QueensPercent of Adult New Yorkers who Ride a Bike (NYC DOHMH)Of those adult New Yorkers, more than eight hundred thousand (828,000) ride a bicycle regularly (at least several times a month)66 NUMBER OF CYCLISTSA bout86,000adult New Yorkers, all commuting residents,usually bike to work or schoolA SnapshotCycling in the city COMMUTERS AND TRIPS PER DAYS outh 5thPlace and South 4thStreet, BrooklynOn a typical day, there are about 460,000 CYCLING trips made in New York City77 Source: Most recent data available, New York city Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Community Health Survey 2014, see appendixSource.

3 Census Bureau s American Community Survey Journey to Work 2016, see appendixCycling in the CityTrends Over Time2+30% Growth in the number of New Yorkers who ride a bike several times a month, 2011-2016 CITYWIDE TOTAL AND FREQUENT CYCLISTSS ince2009, , of Adult New Yorkers Who Rode a Bike at Least Once in the Past Year, 5 Year Trend+102k Increase in the number of New Yorkers who bike at least once a year, 2011-2016 Trends Over TimeCycling in the city 111thSt, Queens9931stAve, Queens+156%Growth in daily CYCLING between 2006 and 2016 Trends Over TimeEstimates of Daily CYCLING Activity by YearTheDecennialCensusandtheAmericanComm unitySurvey(ACS)JourneytoWorkdataprovide long-termstatisticsonthenumberofpeoplein NewYorkCitywhouseabicycleastheirprimarym odeofcommutingtowork(DailyBikeCommuters) .Commuterstypicallymaketwocommutetripsea chday(DailyBikeCommuteTrips)andresearchs howsthatcommutingrepresentsapproximately one-in-fivetraveltripsinNewYorkCity,ther eforewecanestimatethatthereareapproximat elyfouradditionalnon-commutingbiketripsf oreachcommutingbiketrip(TotalDailyCyclin gTrips).

4 Censusdataisavailablefor1980,1990, ,arollingthreeyearaverageisusedforeachye arafter2000( ,2015,and2016surveys).Trends Over TimeCycling in the city +70% Growth in daily CYCLING between 2011 and 20161010 DAILY AND ANNUAL CYCLING + Annual Growth Rate of daily CYCLING between 2011 and 2016 Trends Over Time+107% Growth in commuting to work in Manhattan between 2011 and 2016, the fastest of any boroughTrends Over TimeCycling in the city Percent Growth: 2011-2016+107% Manhattan+65% Brooklyn+30% Bronx+23%Staten Island+22%QueensKnickerbocker Ave, Brooklyn 1111 Commute to Work Rolling 3 Year Average from ACS by BoroughCOMMUTERS BY BOROUGHB icycle CommutersTrends Over TimeCommute to Work -Rolling Three Year Average comparing NYC to Other CitiesCycling to work in NYC has grown nearly2x faster as other major cities (2011 and 2016) Trends Over TimeCycling in the city 1212 PEER CITIESP ercent Growth: 2011-2016+70%New York+37%Peer Cities+32% Los Angeles, CA+30%Portland, OR+44%Chicago, IL+43% San Francisco, CA+30% Seattle, WA+77% Washington DC+20% Philadelphia+41% Minneapolis, MN+34%Boston, MAPeer cities include Los Angeles, CA; San Francisco, CA; Portland, OR; Seattle, WA; Minneapolis, MN; Chicago, IL; Boston, MA; Washington.

5 Philadelphia, PABicycle CommutersEast River Bridge Average 24-Hour Weekday Bicycle Counts+ Year Average Annual Growth Rate of CYCLING on the East River bridgesManyNewYorkCitycyclistsusetheQuee nsboro,Williamsburg, , ,NYCDOT installedautomatedcounters, , Over TimeCycling in the city 1313 EAST RIVER BRIDGESC yclist Counts at East River Bridges (24-Hour Average)East River BridgesPercent Growth: 2012-2017+25% Manhattan Bridge -1%Brooklyn Bridge+35% QueensboroBridge+10% Williamsburg Bridge+17% All East River Bridges Trends Over TimeCycling in the city +35% Growthin CYCLING on the QueensboroBridge between 2012 and 2017, the fastest of the East River bridgesWilliamsburg Bridge1414 GROWTH BY ,andhasbeencollectedannuallysince1985,an dthreetimesperyear typicallyinMay,July,andSeptember , , Over TimeNorth-South at 50thSt Trips (7am 7pm, Weekdays) CYCLING in the city 1515 MIDTOWN CROSSING 50thST+ Avg. Annual Growth(2007 2017)+55%5-Year CYCLING Growth(2012 2017)+19% Growth in CYCLING on 86thSt between 2016 and 2017 Trends Over TimeNorth-South at 86thSt Trips (7am 7pm, Weekdays)NYCDOT periodicallycountscyclistsat86thStreetal ongtheavenues,theHudsonandEastRiverGreen ways, typicallycollectedinOctober--wasfirstrec ordedin2007,againin2011, ,beginningin2015andcontinuinginphasesunt il2017, in the city +115% Growth in CYCLING on 86thSt between 2007 and 20171516 UPTOWN CROSSING 86thSTColumbus Ave, ManhattanYear-Round Average Trips per Day on Citi Bike2015:27,2872016:38,4912017.

6 44,824 Trends Over Time17 Total Citi Bike Trips by Month, 3-Year TrendIn2013,NewYorkCitylaunchedthefirstp haseofCitiBike , eventhosewhodon townabicycle tomakeshorttripsbybikeandprovidesanimpor tantsupplementtotheexistingtransportatio nnetwork, +16% Growth in daily Citi Bikeuse from 2016 to 2017 CYCLING in the city CITI million Citi Bike trips in 2017 CYCLING in the CityAppendix319 Theidealsourceofcyclingdataisrobust,comp rehensive, ,informationaboutcyclinginNewYorkCityisv erydifficulttocollectduetothegeographica llydispersednatureofcyclingactivity,thew idevarietyoftriptypes, , , ,andthatinNewYorkCity,regularcountshaveb eenconductedatsomelocationssinceasfarbac kas1980, ;andthattheyemphasizelongerdistance, , ,threecountswereconductedannuallyinMay,J uly, , ,NYCDOT installedautomaticcountersonthefourEastR iverBridgesthatnowcollectdata24-hoursper day,365daysperyear, ,aswellasdetailedinformationaboutorigin, destination,time, ,thisdatasetislimitedtocyclistsusingCiti BikesandtotripsthatbeginandendwithintheC itiBikeservicearea,which atthispointintime coversonlyasmallportionofthecity , , ,buttheyaremoregeographicallyencompassin gandcanmoreaccuratelygaugethenumberofpeo plewhoarebiking, ,onecollectedatthenationallevel, ,includingtheDecennialCensusandtheAmeric anCommunitySurvey(ACS) , JourneytoWork, ,thesamplesizewaslarge(approximately1in6 commuters), ,thesamplesizeissmaller( ,or240,000eachmonthoftheyear) , ,suchasrecreationalorutilitytrips, ; , (between1,000and10,000peopledependingont hesurvey).

7 DATA TYPES, SOURCES AND LIMITATIONSA ppendixCycling in the city (2014-16),thereareapproximately45,800bic yclecommutersinNewYorkCitywhotake91,600t ripsdaily(assumingthateachcommutertakest wotrips).TheNewYorkState2009 NHTSC omparisonReport(OakRidgeNationalLaborato ry,2012) ,000(91,600 ) ,amoreconservativeassumptionthatbikecomm utetripsare20%oftotalbiketripsisused,res ultinginanestimateof458, ( ,590,000adultNewYorkersrodeabikeinthelas tsevendays.)Accordingtothesurvey, ,anddividingbyseven,yieldsanaverageof260 , (thereandbackagain)resultsinanestimateof 520, ,themethodologyusedforeachoftheseestimat esisquitedifferent, , , in the city ChrystieSt, Manhattan ESTIMATE OF DAILY CYCLINGC ount YearBrooklyn BridgeManhattan BridgeWilliamsburg BridgeEd Koch Queensboro Bridge Grand Total1980866N/A2215481,63519851,269N/A59 41,2093,07219862,144N/A6361,2434,0231987 2,270N/A5576953,52319881,374N/A4275262,3 271989959N/A3646741,99719901,495N/A37636 22,23219911,645N/AN/A9592,60419921,492N/ A5481,1743,21419931,659N/A5471,1303,3351 9941,814N/A6651,0713,55019952,384N/A1,00 61,5364,926 19962,243N/A1,1982,0935,53419972,361N/A1 ,5481,2525,16119981,550N/A1,4631,1024,11 619991,542N/A1,5211,3064,36920001,059N/A 1,1108703,04020011,2052071,2001,0633,674 20021,3647671,6928244,64720031,4589292,1 012,1206,60920041,9771,2031,4761,7516,40 620051,8761,1652,4381,5557,03320061,7852 ,2173,8871,8459,7342007 (avg.)

8 2,1051,8463,3331,9679,2512008 (avg.)2,1482,9934,2322,83212,2062009 (avg.)3,0513,5505,6303,40215,6342010 (avg.)2,7044,0416,2053,84116,7902011 (avg.)2,9814,9526,7194,28818,9412012 (avg.)3,1755,2706,6204,00819,0732013 (avg.)3,4185,6787,5974,24320,9352014 (avg.)3,4086,1327,1544,83021,5242015 (avg.)3,4356,2237,2905,17822,126 April2,5215,0595,6733,99317,246 May3,6426,7657,6735,31523,395 June3,5836,5997,6885,48223,352 July3,6676,2777,4745,32822,746 August3,7626,5047,8835,71923,868 September3,7276,6047,9245,67923,934 October3,1455,7526,7144,73120,3412016 (avg.)3,6406,2037,5805,20322,626 April2,9445,3556,1564,14818,602 May3,6006,4547,4734,99422,521 June4,0777,0918,3805,47825,026 July4,4516,6268,1165,89925,091 August3,8815,6857,9495,76723,283 September3,4286,2147,9025,63223,176 October3,1015,9947,0824,50420,6812017 (avg.)3,1576,5737,2725,40622,408 April2,7585,0875,7974,03917,680 May3,0526,5937,1145,15121,910 June3,2447,1227,9405,61223,918 July3,1816,7777,4545,45122,863 August3,4546,9707,6316,03824,093 September3,2376,9337,7605,83023,760 October3,1756,5287,2085,72222,633 Notes:1.

9 Count is on a single mid-summer weekday from 1980, and 1985-2006, on three separate weekdays in May, July, and September 2007, and from April to October after There is no data available for the Williamsburg Bridge in The Manhattan Bridge path opened to CYCLING in From 1980 to 2013, a multiplier of between and was applied to 12 hour 7am-7pm bicycle counts. and provides an estimated 24 hour Bicycle and Greenway ProgramCyclist Counts At East River Bridge Locations 24-Hour Weekday CountsFrom January 2014 onward, data was primarily automated and is an average of each month excluding holidays and days with precipitation. This multiplier was developed from the three years of automated count data collected since January 2014 New York city 12-Hour Midtown Bicycle Count at 50th Street*New York city Department of TransportationTransportation Planning & Management Hudson River Greenway (b) Twelfth Ave (a) Eleventh Ave (a)Tenth AveNinth Ave (b)Eighth Ave (b) Broadway (b) Seventh Ave Sixth Ave Fifth AveMadison Ave Park Ave (a)Lexington AveThird AveSecond Ave (b)First Ave (b)

10 Total19805,31016016711931564265741464832 0434298119490307220162643075583725337726 07349478151384617204N/A31535358838335796 8383272426263531710302304094776494275688 6052087136129465854334613217476500708861 1,5941,5811,2402228471,12068734716213575 8025496571,3691,1881,0799325619467672778 1174654948655681,36164885057064191661425 02192623399211138921,1865741,0261,069586 653606400482245379939585961,007948789509 86495763637773756321,1826827761,3431,211 839965641816698379392784251,1398288731,3 436171,057754388814807248474024778101,04 38851,0646091,1596934741,477753469351133 411,0901,3458201,5061,2041,0308366408728 74380311362981,2148566661,0909321,397871 8551,311933521621602419291,1627309821,09 89615169271,4818793281524915228747267591 ,608587744751737857666425724425687981,16 08105841,3295886869054987107973792,11311 1492137541,4434126271,132427609597382447 3543122,36631654145997156644731,05361761 04334566417072662,8858513750184578379172 11,4339377299074864546483572,68642323238 9631,1387395571,358810623756345711645343 2,037552641727948456894641,3159463449903 936946965411,958365353251,0691,2121,1441 ,0291,1821,6831,0181,175808962829632 May2,404633705141,0486561,0407611,327825 6881,21064979576443013,544 Jul-Aug2,3928738740386659889961894159689 11,03777693671124512,383 Sept2,9631292294678471,3378735021,002971 1,12988478754962439513,688 May2,384383114839497425255947151,2855967 7865098566727811,980 July4,5811153165101,0017456114591,028917 7231,1555931,02378534414,906 Sept3,597703224591,1058545367041,1341,23 773990072270151937913,978 May3,2871164225361,1321,0387228638491,21 67281,06177296688636914,963 July5,520684515381,1911,1717717561,3671, 1318136947271,0671,01377718,055 Sept5,440874796421,3851,2268947411,3601, 1449798988011,1701,04567718,968 May3,9851085586571,2771,5251,0659491,445 8948581,3891,0041,20197063818,523 July5,0361205475291,3151,3121,0098161,54 91,2029051,0648071.