FAO INVESTMENT CENTRE

1 I4002E/1 address questions and comments to: INVESTMENT CENTRE DivisionFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00153 Rome, Italy No. 10 August 2014 DIRECTIONS IN INVESTMENTFAO INVESTMENT CENTRER eview of animal welfare legislation in the beef, pork, and poultry industriesReview of animal welfare legislation in the beef, pork, and poultry industries Report No. 116/09/14 INVESTMENT CENTRER eview of animal welfare legislation in the beef, pork, and poultry industriesDirections in investmentprepared under the FAO/EBRD Cooperation Rome, 2014 Peter StevensonConsultant, INVESTMENT CENTRE Division, FAOwith contributions from:Daniela BattagliaLivestock Production Officer, Animal Production and Health Division, FAOC armen BullonLegal Officer, Development Law Service, FAOA rianna CaritaEconomist, INVESTMENT CENTRE Division, FAOimp_Animal Welfare 118/09/14 designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) or the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of ts authorities, or concerning the delim tation of ts frontiers or boundaries.

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3 DirectorInvestment CENTRE DivisionFood and Agriculture Organization of the Un ted Nations (FAO)Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, OF CONTENTSA cknowledgements viiAcronyms and abbreviations viiiExecutive summary ixIntroduction xx1 Overview of European Union legislation on animal welfareapplying to beef, pork, meat chicken and laying hen production systems 1 Treaty provision on animal protection 1EU legislation on the welfare of beef cattle, pigs, meat chickens and laying hens 2 Pigs: on-farm welfare 4 Broiler chickens: on-farm welfare 8 Laying hens: on-farm welfare 11 Transport of farm animals 13 Slaughter of farm animals 152 Implementation of EU legislation on animal welfare in three EU member states 17 Italy 17 Poland 18 United Kingdom 193 The legislation on animal welfare in Egypt, Morocco, the Russian Federation, Serbia.

4 Turkey and Ukraine 21 Egypt 21 Morocco 21 Russian Federation 22 Ukraine 24 Serbia 26 Turkey 284 Main intergovernmental bodies addressing animal welfare 30 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 30 World Organisation for Animal Health 32 Council of Europe 38 International Finance Corporation 465 Main private sector initiatives on animal welfare in the EU 48 The Freedom Food scheme of RSPCA 48 The Beter Leven scheme of Dierenbescherming 53 The Good Farm Animal Welfare Awards of Compassion in World Farming 57 Animal welfare standards of food businesses 58 6 General conclusions and recommendations 63 The European Union 63 Egypt, Morocco, Russian Federation, Serbia, Turkey, and Ukraine 63 Intergovernmental organizations 64 Private sector initiatives 64 Range of available standards upon which to draw 65 Recommendations 65ivAnnex 1 - Comparison of EU legislation on farm animal welfare with that of Egypt, Morocco, Russian Federation, Serbia.

5 Turkey and Ukraine 68 Annex 2 - Implementation of EU legislation in Italy, Poland and the UK 132 Annex 3 - Farm animal welfare standards of the OIE, the Council of Europe and the RSPCA Freedom Food scheme 168vIncreasing concerns related to animal welfare worldwide have led to increased public awareness of the treatment of animals raised for food production. This trend involves the scientific community, the political sphere, civil society organizations, consumers, intergovernmental organizations, financial institutions and ultimately producers of animal products. Greater attention to the welfare of animals on-farm, during transport and at slaughter has already led to changes at the policy level, sometimes with development of specific legislation, and in the production practices of producers. This is particularly true in the European Union (EU) where important provisions on animal welfare have been introduced in the union s regulatory framework and in the legislation of its member states.

6 FAO has been involved in animal welfare-related activities for many years, contributing to a better understanding of the issues at stake, in relation to productivity, food safety and security, human and animal health, sustainability of animal production, and rural development. FAO s animal welfare work has mainly focused on capacity development and the creation and/or upgrading of national legislation. It also covers the provision of scientific advice and technical support, the dissemination of information and knowledge, as well as enhanced dialogue and collaboration among stakeholders, especially between academia, the private sector and civil society. Over time, FAO has become one of the main intergovernmental partners of the European Commission (EC), the European Social and Economic Committee and the European Food Safety Authority on animal welfare related matters.

7 It is recognized as a key partner for the development of capacities on animal welfare. An increasing number of FAO member countries have requested FAO to assist with the improvement of their animal welfare legislation and develop related capacities, in view of the trade implications that the EU s animal welfare standards have on countries that export, or want to export, animal products to the EU. FAO treats animal welfare as a global common good in the context of achieving the development of a more responsible livestock sector worldwide that ultimately contributes to hunger and poverty eradication and the sustainable utilization of natural resources. Through a number of projects involving animal rearing and meat production, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) can contribute to improved animal welfare standards in its region of operation.

8 While the domestic demand for animal products that meet higher animal welfare standards is still low in EBRD s countries of operation, animal welfare is becoming a value added feature in international trade and thus increasingly relevant to export oriented agri-business companies in the EBRD region. Currently, the EBRD is in the process of revising its Environmental and Social policy and developing its approach regarding animal welfare issues by making a commitment to follow EU standards. In this context, the EBRD will work with clients FOREWORD committed to improving their standards and bringing them in compliance with those of the EU over a reasonable period of time. EBRD is collaborating with FAO to identify specific methods to improve and promote animal welfare practices and higher standards, and make recommendations to increase awareness in its countries of operation.

9 Promoting higher standards in the livestock sector is in line with FAO s strategic objective to support more efficient and inclusive agrifood study was carried out under the cooperation between EBRD and FAO. It is part of a series of research and knowledge products developed by FAO on the multi-faceted aspects of animal welfare. In particular, it builds on earlier analytical and technical work carried out in 2010 by FAO s Development Law Service (LEGN) - published as a study on the Legislative and regulatory options for animal welfare , and by the Animal Production and Health Division (AGA), disseminated through the Gateway to Farm Animal Welfare ( ). It is the first part of joint FAO/EBRD research activities on animal welfare, focusing on legislation, while further work is expected on the economic aspects of the study provides an overview of the animal welfare legislation applying to the beef, pork and poultry sectors of three EU countries (Italy, Poland and the United Kingdom) and six non-EU countries (Egypt, Morocco, Russian Federation, Ukraine, Serbia and Turkey).

10 It also provides an overview of the work carried out by international organizations and private sector stakeholders, including non-governmental organisations and agribusiness associations to promote animal welfare standards and practices in farming, transport and slaughter Kuemlangan, Chief,Development Law ServiceLegal and Ethics Office, FAOG ustavo Merino, Director, INVESTMENT CENTRE Division, FAOG illes MettetalDirector, AgribusinessEuropean Bank for Reconstruction and DevelopmentBerhe G. Tekola,Director,Animal Production and Health Division, FAOimp_Animal Welfare 618/09/14 study was a cooperative effort between the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). It was jointly financed by the EBRD s Shareholder Special Fund and main author of the study is Peter Stevenson, Consultant, INVESTMENT CENTRE Division, FAO.