Fundamentals of Translation

1 Fundamentals of TranslationClear and concise, this textbook provides a non-technical introduction to thebasic and central concepts of Translation theory and practice, includingtranslation briefs, parallel texts and textual functions, cohesion and coher-ence, and old and new information. Colina focuses on the key concepts thatbeginning students of Translation , practicing translators, language studentsand language professionals need to understand about Translation exercises (discussion, group and individual) at the end of eachchapter and Practice activities throughout each chapter allow students toself-assess their practical understanding of chapter topics.

2 In addition, exam-ples,figures and text extracts from a wide variety of world languages con-textualize chapter material and produce a lively and accessible for non-specialists with no prior experience of Translation , it will alsobe of interest to practicing translators, language students and languageindustry professionals who wish to gain a wider and up-to-date understand-ing of Colinais Professor of Hispanic Linguistics in the Department ofSpanish and Portuguese at the University of Arizona, where she teacheslinguistics and Translation . The author ofTranslation Teaching: FromResearch to the Classroom(2003), she has also published numerous articlesin edited volumes and journals, includingTarget,The Translator,Babel,LinguisticsandLingua.

3 She is on the editorial board ofTranslation andInterpreting Studies(TIS) and on the International Advisory Board ofTheInterpreter and Translator University Press978-1-107-03539-3 - Fundamentals of TranslationSonia ColinaFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University PressCambridge University Press978-1-107-03539-3 - Fundamentals of TranslationSonia ColinaFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University PressFundamentalsof TranslationSONIA COLINAC ambridge University Press978-1-107-03539-3 - Fundamentals of TranslationSonia ColinaFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University PressUniversityPrintingHouse.

4 CambridgeCB28BS, smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepur suitofeducation, , , (hardback) .02 dc232014042930 ISBN978-1-107-03539-3 HardbackISBN978-1-107-64546-2 PaperbackCambridgeUniversityPresshasnore sponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyo fURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetweb sitesreferredtointhispublication,anddoes notguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsites is,orwillremain, University Press978-1-107-03539-3 - Fundamentals of TranslationSonia ColinaFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University PressContentsList offigurespageixPrefacexvAcknowledgements xxvi1 The term Translation .

5 Concept, definitions and Translation , translating and Translation Preliminary definition: Basic Existing definitions of In search of a Equivalence and the definition of Types of Translation Translation in a professional Translation competence, Translation skills and the concept oftranslation31 Summary33 Key words34 Exercises35 Further reading422 The functions of Translation : Extra-linguistic factors and monolingual Extra-linguistic factors and professional How do situational factors affect Translation decisions? Determining the extra-linguistic factors of a translation68 Summary73 Key words73 Cambridge University Press978-1-107-03539-3 - Fundamentals of TranslationSonia ColinaFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University PressExercises74 Further reading783 The functions of Translation : What is pragmatics?

6 79 Relevance for Grammatical functions vs. pragmatic Speech The non-linguistic context102 Summary107 Key words108 Exercises108 Further reading1104 Texts and Sentences vs. Textual features114 Topic maintenance and continuity115 Information structure of a text: Old and new Information125 Coherence and Text types and Textual analysis, parallel texts and corpora149 Summary152 Key words153 Exercises153 Further reading1555 Reading and Reading comprehension: An interactive process158 Top-down and bottom-up models of reading comprehension 158 Background knowledge and schemata159viContentsCambridge University Press978-1-107-03539-3 - Fundamentals of TranslationSonia ColinaFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University PressInteractive models of reading comprehension161 Semantic Reading and translation170 Reading as interaction in translation170 Reading and language directionality in translation171 Reading for Translation purposes177 Summary178 Key words179 Exercises179 Further reading1816 Social aspects of Language

7 Variation and change183 Understanding language variation and change: Why shouldtranslators care? Dialectal Socioeconomic Other language varieties: Register selection in Translation : Linguistic and Translation in multilingual societies211 Individual bilingualism212 Societal bilingualism213 Summary215 Key words216 Exercises216 Further reading2197 Translation The importance of quality evaluation for Basic concepts of evaluation223 ContentsviiCambridge University Press978-1-107-03539-3 - Fundamentals of TranslationSonia ColinaFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University Major approaches to evaluation226 Experience-based approaches227 Theoretical and research-based Difficulties involved in evaluating Translation A user-defined.

8 Comprehensive view of quality: Description A user-defined, comprehensive view of quality:Exemplification235 The functional-componential approach and the TranslationQuality Assessment (TQA) tool (Colina [2008], [2009])235 Components of the TQA A user-defined, comprehensive view of quality: Adaptation 255 Using a functional-componential tool for the evaluation ofstudent Translation products259 Summary262 Key words262 Exercises263 Further reading265 Answer key266 Glossary294 Bibliography301 Index305viiiContentsCambridge University Press978-1-107-03539-3 - Fundamentals of TranslationSonia ColinaFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University PressFiguresThe author and publishers acknowledge the following sources of copyrightmaterial and are grateful for the permissions granted.

9 While every effort hasbeen made to do so, it has not always been possible to identify the sources of allmaterial used, or to trace all copyright holders. If any omissions are brought toour notice, we will be happy to include the appropriate acknowledgements Determining the SL, TL, ST and TT. Credit: US Department ofHuman health and Services, Centers for Disease Control Determining the SL, TL, ST and TT. Credit: US Department ofHuman health and Services, Centers for Disease Control Determining the SL, TL, ST and TT. Credit: US Department ofHuman health and Services, Centers for Disease Control Interlinguistic writing activities: The correspondence : Resemblance to the ST: Types of Translation MT source text (circa 1990) MT raw output: Spanish target text (circa 1990) MT raw output: Spanish target text, Google Translate (2012).

10 Credit: Google Translate (2012) MT raw output: German target text, Google Translate (2012).Credit: Google Translate (2012) Trados/SDL sample screen. Credit: Trados, with Target text: User instructions for a camera. Credit: Translation and the language industry32 Cambridge University Press978-1-107-03539-3 - Fundamentals of TranslationSonia ColinaFrontmatterMore in this web service Cambridge University Degree of correspondence: Dental survey. Credit: VancouverCoastal health , with Degree of correspondence: How to eat well. Credit: Molina HealthCare, with Degree of correspondence: Academic transcript.