Glencoe Physical Science

1 ConsultantDouglas Fisher, PhysicalScienceCopyright by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission is granted to reproduce thematerial contained herein on the condition that such material be reproduced only for classroom use; be providedto students, teachers, and families without charge; and be used solely in conjunction with Glencoe other reproduction, for use or sale, is prohibited without prior written permission of the all inquiries to: Glencoe /McGraw-Hill8787 Orion PlaceColumbus, Ohio 43240-4027 ISBN 0-07-869580-5 Printed in the United States of America1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 047 08 07 06 05 About the ConsultantDouglas Fisher, , is a Professor in the Department of Teacher Education at San Diego State University.

2 He is the recipient of an International Reading Association Celebrate Literacy Award as well as a Christa McAuliffe award for Excellence in Teacher Education. He has published numerous articles on reading and literacy, differentiatedinstruction, and curriculum design as well as books, such as ImprovingAdolescent Literacy: Strategies at Workand Responsive Curriculum Design in Secondary Schools: Meeting the Diverse Needs of has taught a variety of courses in SDSU s teacher credentialing program as well asgraduate-level courses on English language development and also has taught classes in English, writing, and literacy development to secondary school Physical ScienceiiiNote-taking viiUsing Your Science Notebook .. viiiChapter 1 The Nature of ScienceChapter Preview.

3 12 Chapter 2 MotionChapter Preview .. 24 Chapter 3 ForcesChapter Preview .. 36 Chapter 4 EnergyChapter Preview .. 384-2 .. 44 Chapter 5 Work and MachinesChapter Preview .. 495-3 .. 56 Chapter 6 Thermal EnergyChapter Preview .. 68 Chapter 7 ElectricityChapter Preview .. 707-2 .. 76 Wrap-Up .. 80 Chapter 8 Magnetism and Its UsesChapter Preview .. 818-1 .. 828-2 .. 92 Chapter 9 Energy SourcesChapter Preview .. 104 Chapter 10 WavesChapter Preview .. 10910-3 .. 116 Chapter 11 SoundChapter Preview .. 11811-2 .. 12111-3 .. 130 Chapter 12 Electromagnetic WavesChapter Preview .. 13212-2 .. 142 Chapter 13 LightChapter Preview .. 156 Copyright Glencoe /McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Physical ScienceChapter 14 Mirrors and LensesChapter Preview.

4 168 Chapter 15 Classification of MatterChapter Preview .. 176 Chapter 16 Solids, Liquids, andGasesChapter Preview .. 188 Chapter 17 Properties of Atoms and the Periodic TableChapter Preview .. 200 Chapter 18 Radioactivity andNuclear ReactionsChapter Preview .. 20118-1 .. 20218-2 .. 214 Chapter 19 Elements and TheirPropertiesChapter Preview .. 226 Chapter 20 Chemical BondsChapter Preview .. 238 Chapter 21 Chemical ReactionsChapter Preview .. 252 Chapter 22 Solutions Chapter Preview .. 266 Chapter 23 Acids, Bases, and SaltsChapter Preview .. 278 Chapter 24 Organic CompoundsChapter Preview .. 292 Chapter 25 New Materials Through ChemistryChapter Preview.

5 304 Copyright Glencoe /McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Physical SciencevYour notes are a reminder of what you learned in class. Taking goodnotes can help you succeed in Science . These tips will help you takebetter notes. Be an active listener. Listen for important concepts. Pay attention to words, examples, and/or diagrams your teacher emphasizes. Write your notes as clear and concise as possible. The followingsymbols and abbreviations may be helpful in your note-taking. Use a symbol such as a star ( ) or an asterisk (*) to emphasisimportant concepts. Place a question mark (?) next to anything thatyou do not understand. Ask questions and participate in class discussion. Draw and label pictures or diagrams to help clarify a or Symbol orPhraseAbbreviationfor or Symbol orPhraseAbbreviationand+approximately therefore versusvsNote-Taking TipsNote-Taking Don ts Don t write every word.

6 Concentrate on the main ideas and concepts. Don t use someone else s notes as they may not make sense. Don t doodle. It distracts you from listening actively. Don t lose focus or you will become lost in your Glencoe /McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Physical Scienceatmospheresalinityphotosynthesist hermoclineaccumulate NewVocabularyReviewVocabularyAcademicVoc abularyName Date OceansSection 1 Ocean Water76 OceansAcademic Standard :Understand and describe the scales involved in characterizing Earth and its that Earth is .. Also covers: Section 1 of your book.

7 Write three questions thatcome to mind from reading the headings and the illustration answers will vary, but may include questions about formation, composition of ocean water, or water and your book or a dictionar y to define s air, which is made of a thin layer of gases, solids, and liquids; forms a protective layer around the planet and is divided into five distinct your book to define the following measure of dissolved solids, or salts, in seawaterthe process in which organisms use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make food and oxygenlayer of ocean water that begins at a depth of about 200 m and becomes progressively colder with increasing depthUse your book or a dictionar y to define increase gradually in quantity or number; to gather or pile upUsing Your Science NotebookThis note-taking guide is designed tohelp you succeed in learning sciencecontent.

8 Each chapter includes:Construct the Foldable as directed at the beginning of this You ReadBefore you read the chapter, respond to these an Aif you agree with the a Dif you disagree with the Date Oceans75 Write three questions that you would ask a scientist studying ocean Journal Ocean water is about the same temperature all over the world. Global winds cause density currents tomove the ocean water. The Moon s gravity and rotation affect the tides. Wave erosion affects marine life in coastal YouOceansReadOutline the section on dissolved three most important gases are,, layer gets oxygen from atmosphere and below 200 m very little dioxide directly from off by organisms during with water molecules to form carbonic gas in ocean than any other bacteria combine nitrogen with oxygen to form nitrates that nutrients for building blocks for plant & animal have three temperature layer receives solar near the equator; solar rays strike more near the poles; solar rays strike at lower layer extremely cold waternitrogencarbon dioxideoxygenSection 1 Ocean Water (continued)I found this informationon page.

9 IN SE, p. 197IN RE, p. 105 Name Date 78 OceansScuba divers don t need the pressurized suits that deep-sea divers do. Hypothesize why deep-sea divers must use special suits, the pressure of the water above the diver would crush him or the CONNECTITL anguage-based Activities Activities cover the content in your Science book includingvocabulary, writing, note-taking, and problem Journal Write about what you Guide/KWL chartsThink about what you already knowbefore beginning a lesson and identify what you would like to learn from Activities These activities to help you tothink about what you re learning and make connections to your DevelopmentVocabulary words help you to betterunderstand your Science lessons.

10 Learning the Academic Wordscan help you score higher on standardized Glencoe /McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Physical ScienceviiOrganizeeach wave characteristic in the Venn diagram to showwhether it is a trait of tides, waves created by wind, or and neap tides in the boxes below. Use the figure in your book to help you. Include the Sun, the Moon, and Earth in your model by the Sun s and Moon s gravityTidesWaves Createdby Windcreated by windsbreakershigher different times of the monthBothcontain crests and troughswavelength can be measuredwave height can be measured breakers higher different times ofthe month contain crests and troughs wavelength can be measured created by the Sun s and theMoon s gravity created by winds wave height can be measuredSection 3 Waves (continued)TidesI found this informationon page.