mHealth

1 Based on the findings of the second global survey on eHealthGlobal Observatory for eHealth series - Volume 3mHealthNew horizons for health through mobile technologies WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication DatamHealth: New horizons for health through mobile technologies: second global survey on phone - utilization. , Handheld - utilization. informatics. transfer. collection. Global Observatory for eHealth. ISBN 978 92 4 156425 0 (NLM classification: W ) World Health Organization 2011 All rights reserved.

2 Publications of the World Health Organization are available on the WHO web site ( ) or can be purchased from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution should be addressed to WHO Press through the WHO web site ( ).The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.)

3 Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication.

4 However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its in Switzerland. Based on the findings of the second global survey on eHealthGlobal Observatory for eHealth series - Volume 3mHealthNew horizons for health through mobile technologies2011 AcknowledgmentsThis report would not have been possible without the input of the Observatory s extensive network of eHealth experts and the support of numerous colleagues at the World Health Organization headquarters, regional, and country offices.

5 Sincere thanks are due to over 800 eHealth experts in 114 countries worldwide who assisted with the design, implementation, and completion of the second global thanks to the many authors and reviewers who contributed their expertise to this publication including: Patricia Mechael, Nadi Kaonga, and Hima Batavia from the Center for Global Health and Economic Development at the Earth Institute, Columbia University for their significant contributions to this report; Hani Eskandar of the International Telecommunication Union for his detailed advice on security issues in mHealth Deployment; Joan Dzenowagis for serving as a primary reviewer; and Lilia Perez-Chavolla for writing the case studies.

6 We would like to thank the following professionals who contributed to the case studies. In Bangladesh Abul Kalam Azad, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare of Bangladesh; Cambodia Ly Sovann, Ministry of Health of Cambodia; Canada Kim Fraser, First Nations Inuit Health, Saskatchewan; Deborah Kupchanko, First Nations Inuit Health, Saskatchewan; Christine Labaty, Health Canada; Shirley Woods, Northern Inter-Tribal Health Authority; Ghana Samuel Quarshie, Ghana Health Service; Eric Woods, Switchboard; Sodzi Sodzi-Tettey, Ghana Medical Association.

7 And Senegal Adele Waugaman, United Nations for this report was provided by Najeeb Al-Shorbaji, Director of Knowledge Management and Sharing at WHO. The report was reviewed by David Aylward, Chris Bailey, Peter Benjamin, Alison Bloch, Garrett Mehl, Robin Miller, Neil Pakenham-Walsh, Getachew Sahlu, Chaitali Sinha, and Diana are grateful for the financial support and collaboration of our partners: the Rockefeller Foundation, United Nations Foundation, and mHealth acknowledge the important role of our partner organization, the International Telecommunication Union, in the global deployment of thanks to Jillian Reichenbach Ott for the design and layout, and Kai Lashley for editing.

8 The global survey and this report were prepared and managed by the WHO Global Observatory for eHealth: Misha Kay, Jonathan Santos, and Marina Takane. iv Photo credits: Front cover - Top, Centre, Bottom: Dreamstime , PAGE vii - Top, Bottom: Dreamstime , PAGE 1 - Left, Centre, Right: Dreamstime , PAGE 4 - Dreamstime , PAGE 5 - Left: WHO/Nadia Bettega - Centre, Right: Dreamstime , PAGE 8 - WHO/Girish Babu Bommankanti, PAGE 9 - Left, Centre, Right: Dreamstime , PAGE 18 - WHO/Nadia Bettega, PAGE 19 - Left: WHO/Jessica Otieno - Centre, Right.

9 Dreamstime , PAGE 29 - WHO/Nadia Bettega, PAGE 30 - Dreamstime , PAGE 32 - Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Bangladesh, PAGE 36 - Dreamstime , PAGE 37 - Brian Levine, 2009 (Courtesy of Switchboard), PAGE 41 - WHO/Damien Walmsley, PAGE 44 - Dreamstime , PAGE 45 - UN Foundation/Dalberg, PAGE 47 - WHO/Nadia Bettega, PAGE 48 - Dreamstime , PAGE 49 - Jim Holmes, WHO/WPRO Image Bank, PAGE 50 - Ministry of Health, Cambodia, PAGE 51 - Dreamstime , PAGE 55 - WHO/Girish Babu Bommankanti, PAGE 56 - Dreamstime , PAGE 56 - File Hills Qu Appelle Tribal Council, First Nations, Saskatchewan, Canada, PAGE 58 - Touchwood Agency Tribal Council, First Nations, Saskatchewan, Canada, PAGE 63 - Left, Centre.

10 Right: Dreamstime , PAGE 70 WHO/ Alberto Aguayo, PAGE 71 - Left, Centre, Right: Dreamstime , PAGE 74 - Dreamstime , PAGE 75 - Left, Centre, Right: Dreamstime , PAGE 78 - Dreamstime , PAGE 98 - Dreamstime , Back cover - Top, Centre, Bottom: Dreamstime. v Table of contentsAcknowledgments ivAcronyms and abbreviations viiiExecutive summary 11 Overview 51 1 Defining mHealth 61 2 Second global survey on eHealth 61 3 Overview of findings 72 Global results 92 1 mHealth initiatives globally 92 2 Categories of mHealth