Mortality and burden of disease - World Health …

1 World Health StatiSticS 200935 Mortality and burden of diseaseIndicators derived from Mortality rates provide a good picture of overall population Health . These indicators include infant and child Mortality (the probability of dying between birth and 1 and 5 years of age, respectively), adult Mortality (the probability of dying between 15 and 60 years of age) and overall life expectancy at birth. Almost 20% of all deaths are of children less than five years old. Neonatal Mortality (deaths during the first 28 days of life per 1000 live births) accounts for a large proportion of child deaths in many countries. Neonatal Mortality rates are considered a useful indicator of overall maternal and newborn Health and the care that mothers and babies of Mortality are derived from death registration data reported annually to WHO.

2 For countries where such data are not available or are of poor quality, survey and census sources are analysed and used to create life tables for each country. Countries with low life expectancy invariably have high levels of child Mortality . For example, life expectancy at birth in the WHO African Region was estimated at only 52 years in 2007, compared with 76 years in the WHO Region of the Americas. Child Mortality in the two regions was 145 per 1000 live births and 19 per 1000, respectively. In several African countries, recent improvements in child survival have not been reflected in higher life expectancy because they have been offset by higher levels of adult Mortality due to HIV/AIDS and, in some countries, , Mortality statistics alone are not sufficient to fully describe, measure and compare the Health states of populations.

3 This is because death rates underestimate the burden of ill- Health caused by noncommunicable adult disease by not providing any information on non-fatal Health outcomes. Hearing loss, visual impairment and mental disorders are the most common causes of disability worldwide. A summary measure of population Health therefore needs to capture both fatal and non-fatal Health outcomes. Life expectancy estimates reflect how many years a person might be expected to live. Healthy life expectancy is an estimate of how many years they might live in good Health . These estimates are based on country life tables, analyses of 135 causes of disability for 17 regions of the World and 69 Health surveys in 60 countries.

4 The estimates of healthy life expectancy are more uncertain than those for life expectancy, because it is difficult to ensure comparable measurements of disability across countries and account for limitations in the 1361. Mortality and burden of diseaseMember StateLife expectancy at birth a (years)Healthy life expectancy (HALE) at birth b (years)Neonatal Mortality rate c (per 1000 live births)MaleFemaleBoth sexesMaleFemaleBoth sexes19902000200719902000200719902000200 720072004 Afghanistan41404142424242414236363660 Albania6668717173746971726464649 Algeria65687068717366707162636222 Andorra7476788183857780817276742 Angola38465144515541495344474554 Antigua and Barbuda6971747174757073746566668 Argentina69717176787972747564696710 Armenia62676670737366706959636118 Australia7477798082847780827275743 Austria7275777981837678807074723 Azerbaijan60626666667063646859605935 Bahamas6769717475777072746368655 Bahrain7372757474767373756666664 Bangladesh54616354626454616456555636 Barbados7071727778787475766569678 Belarus6663657675767169705866623 Belgium7375777981827678807074722

5 Belize72676476737274706857636017 Benin50545751565851555750505036 Bhutan53586157626555606354565530 Bolivia57616459646858636657595824 Bosnia and Herzegovina69727375777872747565686710 Botswana64515668525666515649484946 Brazil63677070747666707362666413 Brunei Darussalam7175747679777377766667664 Bulgaria6868697575767172736369667 Burkina Faso47484849505048494942434332 Burundi49454851485050474942434341 Cambodia56545861616459586151555348 Cameroon55515158545256525245454530 Canada7477788082837779817175733 Cape Verde6566666971736869705964619 Central African Republic52484853484852484843424252 Chad48464650484749474640404042 Chile6974757680817277786772705 China68707269737568717465686618 Colombia66687272777969727564696613 Comoros56606361656758626555585625 Congo58535462555660545548494830 Cook Islands66687170737568717363666510 Costa Rica7575777879817677796871698C te d'Ivoire51505259565754535445484764 Croatia6970737678797274766670685 Cuba7275767680817478786871694 Cyprus7475787879827677806971702 Czech Republic6872747579807175776872702 Democratic People's Republic of Korea64646468686867676657615922 Democratic Republic of the Congo47465051525449495244464547 Denmark7275767879817577787073723 Djibouti4952535558585255564750484537 World Health StatiSticS 2009 Table 1 MDG 4 Infant Mortality rate a (probability of dying between birth and age 1per 1000 live births)

6 MDG 4 Under-5 Mortality rate a (probability of dying by age 5 per 1000 live births)Adult Mortality rate a (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population)MaleFemaleBoth sexesMaleFemaleBoth sexesMaleFemaleBoth sexes1990 2000 2007 1990 2000 2007 1990 2000 2007 1990 2000 2007 1990 2000 2007 1990 2000 20071990 2000 2007 1990 2000 2007 1990 2000 2007179176176156154154168165165263260260 2572542542602572575015405244474484484764 9848939221436191337211348261644221446241 5158157142104103921331301175840354934305 4373375484063403469443719817514716513112 1181153134843743843105485495414312510060 5044102887215713212114312011015012611627 3203168241179148258191158588474383431344 3125134103472814112211825139321712261310 2915111932031871381601571651811722619152 1151224171431221725171428201619817916510 3928815013612651342345302048322263402749 3121563624279210242135961022071491669657 5485510768659661249779665546967763954743 8541065954106415312610474635211495788160 3674553378583410272419365379869392852592 1916515713722520817625171418131122151233 2115251712291913262249242147146146205197 1941511916991510918131020111019121010511 5116107898310610510411673529359421056647 1609664143865715191613052512513332582583 1925425418121112121015121119131114131217 1312188166138109948614612911213116985129 5171481211615127282354329107125115194242 2239547438541175854106413913011175686110 7100863828253220183524224732283925224328 2515824332810415019713219926611492801078 6751118978184144123185145124184144123379 3393203312932763533152989874618363529168 5615811390137987814810684345291265266218 1943092572339466508460458963481278558123 8356125845730726323824720017227723120420 1615161210181413252017191411221714181157 1458679691341171064565334463324564335991 4155843857874024658452017653951320955951 4553122432518492820643524522919583222272 2392111501261062121831591199977108812101 0108811991511131081128580133101961615101 2121014141020181215151218161221622221797 9791158160155116107108108100100112104104 2071911922041881892061901914364464313703 7636839940739712812512298959411311010819 4189185183178174189184180408550454340441 4013704924269588777871638780701291159810 9978311910791316387313231240213267311259 9295947880798588871451581551331441411391 5114833041243626035840429538441986565575 5976755866132100887161551028172503427402 8214531246244335840316042322542842751451 6311718921318711612411710911610911312011 3171186171172187172171186172364448468315 4244483384354561271301321121141161201221 2420621021419720120420120520941145846935 0390426380424447191091697181082312101910 8211191961371179869591471038830251643352 2363019393219524226453722193160142148106 8517213511532252022171428211741302429221 7352620253227163139977719716312097685579 5544886249130917111077601208466310287247 2311951742712422116976826471766774791081 2113199111120104116125303435394233388351 2684103712023193216132620162728213720153 2241825217914215411693206149119181411141 1101612102016131612101814111291241098675 6110810086122111104877974104958917515814 7126113105151136127372433419254354357321 3993901275965107514861076128622318715689 7462158132110138595411651510711761386155 1401241119079133115102125310531153137511 6412641101078361564486826313549431143146 5115312542301721469576651631241064343434 1414142424257575753535355555523223223316 6166166198200201134123114120110102127116 1082121891711881681522001791614324863993 4234731738641835796564375410658549651521 2211699777012610093131110951008473116978 4195164142154129112175147127395375381287 280307342328344381.

7 Mortality and burden of diseaseMember StateLife expectancy at birth a (years)Healthy life expectancy (HALE) at birth b (years)Neonatal Mortality rate c (per 1000 live births)MaleFemaleBoth sexesMaleFemaleBoth sexes19902000200719902000200719902000200 720072004 Dominica71727275767673747465676610 Dominican Republic68727070747469737262646318 Ecuador64687069737667707363666413 Egypt61656663697062676859626017El Salvador58676869747563707258636112 Equatorial Guinea48505250525449515345464647 Eritrea28576153636536606354565521 Estonia6565677576797071736171664 Ethiopia46515551555949535749515041 Fiji63656769717266686960646210 Finland7174767981837578797075722 France7375778183847779817176732 Gabon59575765636162605950535231 Gambia53555757596155575950535144 Georgia65686872757669717262676425 Germany7275777881827578807175733 Ghana57575660605858585749505043

8 Greece7576777981827778807174723 Grenada64656766687065676861626111 Guatemala61646564707262676958626019 Guinea43485248525645505446484739 Guinea-Bissau41444647505144474840434247 Guyana53565761646357606052555322 Haiti53565956606455586253555432 Honduras64646868707466677161646217 Hungary6568697476786972736269665 Iceland7578808182837880827375741 India57606357626557616456575639 Indonesia59646761677060666860616017 Iran (Islamic Republic of)61657065707463687260626119 Iraq64645869696966676350585463 Ireland7274777879827576807174734 Israel7577797881827779817274733 Italy7476798082847779827376743 Jamaica69706971747470727262666410 Japan7678798285867981837378761 Jordan65687070737467717262646316 Kazakhstan61585970687065636453605632 Kenya58515363545661535447484834 Kiribati63636365676864656556605825 Kuwait7275787576797376786969697 Kyrgyzstan61626368696965656655595730 Lao People's Democratic Republic51576053596252586153545430 Latvia6465667576767071715968646 Lebanon63676869727366707060646219 Lesotho59464363544761514538414052 Liberia25505445545831525647494866 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya67707070747568727263666411

9 Lithuania6667657677777172715868635 Luxembourg727577798183757880717573339 World Health StatiSticS 2009 T