Search results with tag "Fertility"
CHAPTER - 3
censusindia.gov.inAge Specific/Marital Fertility Rates, Total /Marital Fertility Rates and Gross Reproduction Rate. Apart from this, the chapter includes sex ratio at birth. To examine the changes in the levels of fertility during the last decade, the average values of these fertility indicators for the years 2014-16 are compared with that for 2004-06.
National Vital Statistics Reports
www.cdc.govThe total fertility rate (TFR) is defined as the expected number of births that a group of 1,000 women would have in their lifetimes according to the current age-specific birth rates. In addition to measuring the fertility of women, the TFR, unlike other measures of fertility, including the general fertility rate and crude birth rate,
Low fertility: A review of the determinants
www.unfpa.orgfertility” (Kohler, Billari & Ortega, 2002)3; by 2002, more than half of the European population lived in countries with a lowest-low period TFR (Goldstein et al, 2009). Soon thereafter, similar “ultra-low fertility”4 emerged in Japan, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China and Hong Kong SAR (Jones, Straughan & Chan ...
Mean age - OECD
www.oecd.orggroups. Chart SF2.3.D shows, by country, age-specific fertility rates by five-year age groups for the years 1970, 1995 and 2019. In almost all OECD countries, fertility rates among 20-24 year olds and 25-29 year olds are much lower today than they were in 1970. Much of the decline in fertility among women aged 20-29 occurred between 1970 and
World Population 2019 - Un
population.un.orgIn most situations, fertility and mortality are the main components of population change over time. In recent decades, there have been substantial declines in fertility in many parts of the world. Globally in 2019 the total fertility rate was 2.5, compared to 2.7 in 2000.
Demographics and Development in the 21st Century ...
www.cgdev.orgSep 05, 2008 · Very high fertility rates. Across regions, only sub-Saharan Africa’s fertility still averages above 5 (classified as very high), ensuring continuing population growth there into the 21st century.3 High fertility rates persist principally in 35 of the world’s poorest countries, with Afghanistan, Nigeria, Uganda, and Yemen on course to see their
World Fertility 2019 - United Nations
www.un.orgpopulation size and characteristics and of all three components of population change (fertility, mortality and migration). Founded in 1946, the Population Division provides substantive support on …
World Fertility and Family Planning 2020: Highlights
www.un.orgcharacteristics and of all three components of population change (fertility, mortality and migration). Founded in 1946, the Population Division provides substantive support on …
Effects of Female Education on Economic Growth: A Cross ...
files.eric.ed.govPhilippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. In addition, it emphasizes the impact of female education on economic growth as measured by GDP, literacy, fertility, and the female labor force. Using panel regression analysis, it is found that the fertility rate, female labor force participation rate and female primary school enrollment are
Government response to low fertility in Japan
www.un.orgNote : Fertility dipped temporarily in 1966, a “fire horse” year when it is considered unlucky to give birth to a girl. As Japan's social systems have been designed with family as
Sample Literature Review of One Paper Literature Review ...
www.montana.eduand fertility, and fertility and divorce are reviewed in this chapter. Divorce and Labor Force Participation As noted above and shown in Figure 1, a simultaneous rise in divorce rates and female LFP rates occurred during the post-World War II era. As noted by Becker, et al. (1977), one possible explanation for
Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2018 - Summary ...
dhsprogram.comThe objective of the survey was to provide reliable estimates of demographic and health indicators including fertility, family planning methods, breastfeeding practices, nutritional status of women and children, maternal and child health, childhood and adult mortality, women’s empowerment, ... (6.7 versus 3.4). Fertility decreases as the
Estimating the Number of Pregnant Women in a Geographic ...
www.cdc.govFertility rate: All states count and report fertility (live births) the same way. NCHS collects this information and reports it publicly for geographic areas at and above the county level that are greater than 100,000 in total resident population. ... Estimating the Number of Pregnant Women in a Geographic Area ...
1. Watershed Management Concept and Principles - ICRISAT
oar.icrisat.orgmicro-nutrients). Integrated pest management (IPM) involves use of di/erent crop pest control practices like cultural, biological and chemical methods in a combined and compatible way to suppress pest infestations. Thus, the main goals of INM and IPM are to maintain soil fertility, manage pest and the environment so as to balance
National Security Study Memorandum NSSM 200
pdf.usaid.govSection IV Provision and Development of Family Planning Services, information and Technology 108-120 A. Research to Improve Fertility Control Technology B. Development of Low-Cost Delivery Systems C. Utilization of Mass Media and Satellite Communications System for Family Planning Section V Action to Develop Worldwide Political and Popular
Vital Statistics Rapid Release
www.cdc.govgeneral fertility rate (GFR) for the United States in 2020 was 55.8 births per 1,000 women aged 15–44, down 4% from the rate in 2019 (58.3), another record low for the nation (Tables 1 and 2 and Figure 1) (3,8,9). From 2014 to 2020, the GFR declined by an average of 2% per year. GFRs declined for each of the race and Hispanic-origin groups
What is Forest Management ? est Management
cdn.permaculturenews.org6 The Farmers' Handbook, "Forest, Soil and Other Topics" Chapter 2 - Forest Management 7 The condition of the forest will differ in different places. Factors such as types and species of trees and shrubs, soil type, moisture, fertility, and aspect all cause great diversity, and affect productivity in the forest. While preparing the forest
Gender Discrimination in the Family
econweb.ucsd.edufemale adults are significantly lower than their male counterparts (World Bank 2001, ... labor force participation of parents, and parental involvement have been found to differ in both developed and developing countries. These inputs are significant factors in a child’s ... Hypothetical fertility patterns for gender neutral and biased ...
The Role of Women in Society: from Preindustrial to Modern ...
www.anderson.ucla.eduMay 22, 2014 · Although the persistence in female labor force participation and fertility has been documented in literature, little is known on where these differ-ences are coming from. In this article, we review work by Alesina et al. (2011, 2013) on the historical persistence of differences in female labor force participation
Medical Policy In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Other ...
www.harvardpilgrim.orgIn Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and Other Fertility Services MA VM29SEP21P HPHC policies are based on medical science, and written to apply to the majority of people with a given condition. Individual members’ unique clinical circumstances, and capabilities of the local delivery system are considered when making individual UM determinations.
Unpaid Care Work: The missing link in the analysis of ...
www.oecd.orgactive in the labour force. A decrease in women’s unpaid care work is related to a ten percentage point increase in women’s labour force participation rate (for a given level of GDP per capita, fertility rate, female unemployment rate, female education, urbanisation rate and …
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON AGRICULTURE AND FOOD …
unfccc.intneed for water, as well as soil fertility, water supply for irrigation, and prevalence of pests and diseases. In terms of livestock, climate change also will affect the quality and ... -integrated pest management,-conservation agriculture-organic agriculture-agro-forestry system
Climate-Smart Agriculture
www.worldbank.orgin soil fertility improvements. From 1945 to 1990, soil nutrient removals (without replenishment with fertilizers or manure) and other forms of soil degradation reduced agricultural productivity in Africa by an estimated 25 percent (UNEP 1990). Increasing organic matter in soils in cropping systems will be critical
Working wives and mothers: what happens to family life?
www.bls.govIn West Germany, for example, fertility rates of the na-tive population during the 1970's have declined even more than in the United States, but with a smaller in-crease in female labor force participation. Coping with family-related duties. The wife's responsibil-ities outside the home have not filtered back into a
SOIL FERTILITY AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT
nmsp.cals.cornell.eduOct 26, 2016 · o The soil solution is the liquid in the soil and plant nutrients dissolved in the soil solution can move into the plant as the water is taken up. o Cations (positively charged ions such as calcium, magnesium and potassium) are held on negatively charged exchange sites in the soil. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is a measure of the amount of
David A. Cotter Joan M. Hermsen Reeve Vanneman Prepared ...
www.vanneman.umd.eduApr 04, 2004 · an underlying cause for other changes in gender relations such as marital power, fertility patterns, and political representation. ----- Figure 1 about here ----- The Census shows no similar increase in women’s labor force participation rate during the 1990s. The reported 2000 women’s labor force participation rate of 73 percent is not notably
Causes and Impacts of Land Degradation and Desertification ...
article.sapub.orgMar 02, 2013 · cover, erosion, and the depletion of soil fertility on a large scale in many parts of sub -Saharan Africa. 2.1. Land Degradation . Land degradation is, usually, the result of complex inter-relationships between biophysical and socio-economic issues which affect many people and their land, specially in the tropics and developing countries. The ...
The role of science, technology and innovation in ensuring ...
unctad.orgUndernourishment trends: Progress made in almost all regions, but at very ... Agricultural losses in sub-Saharan Africa across the value chain for different types ... genetic modification, methods for improving soil fertility, and irrigation technologies can increase food availability. Post-harvest and agro-processing technologies can address
Integrated Pest Management - CropLife International
croplife.org* Integrated Pest Management (IPM) means the careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of ... a legume such as cowpea to help improve soil fertility and reduce weeds. Such systems can help reduce pests. Growing different crops in rotation also helps reduce the build-up of pests, especially those in
World Mortality 2019 - United Nations
www.un.orgwith timely and accessible population data and analysis of population trends and development outcomes for ... (fertility, mortality and migration). ... and sub-Saharan Africa are
Japanese National Fertility Survey 2015
www.ipss.go.jpIn this study, the survey of singles is based on a national sample of singles aged 18 or more but less than 50, and the survey of married couples is based on a national sample of married couples with wives in Japan under 50 years old as of June 1, 2015 (i.e. the respondents are wives). The survey was conducted in 900 districts selected by
Crop pests and diseases - CABI.org
africasoilhealth.cabi.orgThe Africa Soil Health Consortium (ASHC) mission is to improve the livelihoods of smallholder farmers through adoption of integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) approaches that optimize fertilizer use efficiency and effectiveness. ASHC books are available at special discounts for bulk purchases.
Save and grow: Cassava - Food and Agriculture Organization
www.fao.orgimprove soil fertility with other “Save and Grow” measures. Intercropping grain legumes, and mulching the residues of legumes and native weeds, boosts root yields. When combined with fertilizer, both alley cropping with deep-rooting leguminous trees and the use of organic compost or farmyard manure produce higher crop yields and net incomes.
Soil Chemistry, Soil Fertility & Nutrient Management
agrimoon.comMechanism of nutrient transport in plants 26-29 7. ... dissolution, complexation, and oxidation/reduction. These reactions are often disregarded by scientists and engineers involved with environmental remediation. Understanding these ... reduction to occur, while a lower one means there is a greater tendency for oxidation to occur. ...
World Population Prospects 2019 - Un
population.un.orgcharacteristics and of all three components of population change (fertility, mortality and migration). Founded in 1946, the Population Division provides substantive support on population and development issues to the United Nations General Assembly, theEconomic and Social Council and the Commission on Population and Development.
World Population Ageing 2019 - United Nations
www.un.orgJun 03, 2019 · characteristics and of all three components of population change (fertility, mortality and migration). ... located in sub-Saharan Africa (16), Northern Africa and Western Asia (2), Central and ...
Measuring and managing soil organic matter
projectblue.blob.core.windows.netOrganic matter adds to soil fertility and overall soil health by enhancing the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil (Figure 2): Fresh plant residues fuel biological life in soil The amount of active decomposing organic matter in soil has a large impact on biological properties, nutrient cycling and soil structure
Properties of Manure
www.gov.mb.caFor information about the behavior of nutrients in soil, see the Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Development (MAFRD) publication “Effects of Manure and Fertilizer on Soil Fertility and Quality.” Introduction Manure is composed of animal feces and urine and may contain livestock bedding, additional water and wasted feed (Figure 1).
Guideline on Risk Assessment of Medicinal Products on ...
www.ema.europa.euhumans (fertility, pregnancy, health of the foetus and child), based on the assessment of ... Morphological effects have more weight in estimating the concern for reproductive toxicity in humans, than general effects (e.g. growth retardation). The latter, possibly a …
Guidance on the limits to the number of embryos to ...
www.asrm.orgferred during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles aims to promote singleton ... Fertility and Sterility® Vol. 116, No. 3, September 2021 0015-0282/$36.00 ... by all clinics providing ART services, the following guidelines are recommended for upper limits (Table 1):
Population Policy for SA - Western Cape
www.westerncape.gov.za1.1 WHY SOUTH AFRICA NEEDS AN EXPLICIT POPULATION POLICY 1 1.2 PAST POLICY AND PLANNING CONTEXTS FOR POPULATION AND ... 4.3 PARLIAMENT AND PROVINCIAL LEGISLATURES 40 4.4 POPULATION UNITS 40 ... so that our efforts to influence fertility, mortality and migration, as well as the size, structure and growth rates of the population, are …
Farmer’s Handbook on Basic Agriculture
www.manage.gov.insoil fertility in an economically and environmentally sustainable manner. It also focuses on the need for soil testing, plant nutrition requirement, organic & inorganic fertilizers, and Integrated Nutrient Manage-ment (INM) for efficient, economic and sustainable production of crops. The third chapter of the book is about Pest Management, and ...
Irrigation salinity – causes and impacts
www.dpi.nsw.gov.aumanagement practices, varieties and soil fertility. Effect of waterlogging on salinity tolerance Waterlogging exacerbates the effect of salinity. Waterlogged plant roots are unable to exclude sodium and chloride due to the increased rates of transport of these ions, and concentrations in the plant shoot increase. Poor aeration also affects soil
Guide to laboratory
www.fao.orgmethods for estimating soil constituents with the objective of assessing soil fertility and making nutrient recommendations. It describes methods for analysing plant constituents in order to determine the content of various nutrients and the need for their application. For assessing the quality of irrigation water, it presents
World Abortion Policies 2013 - United Nations
www.un.orgSouth Africa X X X X X X X 2010 5.7 Direct 2003/04 60/60 14 2.4 300 ... family planning Family planning Total fertility (births per woman) 2010-2015 Maternal mortality ratio
HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION ...
pi.lilly.com13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, and Impairment of Fertility 13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology 14 CLINICAL STUDIES 14.1 Glycemic Control Trials in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 14.2 Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease or Multiple Cardiovascular Risk Factors
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