Transcription of NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
1 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited XML TACTICAL CHAT (XTC): EXTENSIBLE MESSAGING AND PRESENCE PROTOCOL FOR COMMAND AND CONTROL APPLICATIONS by Adrian D. Armold September 2006 Thesis Advisor: Don Brutzman Co-Advisor: Don McGregor Second Reader: Terry Norbraten THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK i REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.
2 Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE September 2006 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED Master s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE: XML Tactical Chat (XTC): Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol for Command and Control Applications 6. AUTHOR Adrian D.
3 Armold 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, CA 93943-5000 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) COSMOS ACTD, OSD ATL 3400 Defense Pentagon, Washington, DC 20301- 3400 Navy Modeling and Simulation Office 1333 Isaac Hull Ave., Stop 5012, Washington Navy Yard, 20376-5012 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the Government. 12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited 12b.
4 DISTRIBUTION CODE 13. ABSTRACT Current chat and instant messaging (IM) solutions within the DoD have created problems with information security and interoperability. Though Extensible Message and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is the only mandated chat and IM protocol in the DoD, the majority of the military still operates alternate nonstandard solutions that prevent interoperability and lack appropriate security assurances. XMPP is a streaming XML protocol used for multi-user text chat and Instant Messaging (IM). XMPP supports a large set of administrative and user features, valuable to military chat and IM users. As an open standard, XMPP is also extensible to allow for development of military-specific chat and IM requirements.
5 XMPP protocol also provides significant extensibility to allow for greater command and control and other operational capabilities. This work demonstrates the use of XMPP to route XML-expressed Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS-XML) data to conduct distributed modeling and simulation. This work also demonstrates the use of XMPP as a generalized XML message-routing framework in conjunction with XML-expressed military data models, such as the Joint Consultation Command and Control Information Exchange Data Model. Also presented in this thesis is an XML document based chat data logger, designed to support persistent operations using distributed chat architecture. Experiments conducted with Navy Exercise Trident Warrior 2006 demonstrate the value of such a framework, as well as the value of XML document-based chat data logging.
6 Results indicate that implementation and extension of XMPP has significant value for enhancing command and control. These features, along with the benefits of the adoption of open standard solutions, make XMPP an essential technology for adoption in today s operational command and control suites. 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 192 14. SUBJECT TERMS Instant Messaging, Chat, XMPP, XML, DIS-XML, DIS, JC3 IEDM, Chat Logging, Command and Control, XTC, X3D, XMSF 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF REPORT Unclassified 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE Unclassified 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF ABSTRACT Unclassified 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT UL NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev.)
7 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-18 ii THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK iiiApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited XML TACTICAL CHAT (XTC): EXTENSIBLE MESSAGING AND PRESENCE PROTOCOL FOR COMMAND AND CONTROL APPLICATIONS Adrian D. Armold Captain, United States Marine Corps , University of Colorado-Boulder, 1996 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL September 2006 Author: Adrian D. Armold Approved by: Don Brutzman Thesis Advisor Donald R. McGregor Co-Advisor Terry Norbraten Second Reader Peter J. Denning Chair, Department of Computer Science iv THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK vABSTRACT Current chat and instant messaging (IM) solutions within the DoD have created problems with information security and interoperability.
8 Though Extensible Message and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is the only mandated chat and IM protocol in the DoD, the majority of the military still operates alternate nonstandard solutions that prevent interoperability and lack appropriate security assurances. XMPP is a streaming XML protocol used for multi-user text chat and Instant Messaging (IM). XMPP supports a large set of administrative and user features, valuable to military chat and IM users. As an open standard, XMPP is also extensible to allow for development of military-specific chat and IM requirements. XMPP protocol also provides significant extensibility to allow for greater command and control and other operational capabilities. This work demonstrates the use of XMPP to route XML-expressed Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS-XML) data to conduct distributed modeling and simulation.
9 This work also demonstrates the use of XMPP as a generalized XML message-routing framework in conjunction with XML-expressed military data models, such as the Joint Consultation Command and Control Information Exchange Data Model. Also presented in this thesis is an XML document based chat data logger, designed to support persistent operations using distributed chat architecture. Experiments conducted with Navy Exercise Trident Warrior 2006 demonstrate the value of such a framework, as well as the value of XML document-based chat data logging. Results indicate that implementation and extension of XMPP has significant value for enhancing command and control. These features, along with the benefits of the adoption of open standard solutions, make XMPP an essential technology for adoption in today s operational command and control suites.
10 Vi THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK viiTABLE OF CONTENTS I. A. PROBLEM STATEMENT ..1 B. MOTIVATION ..2 C. OBJECTIVES ..3 D. THESIS ORGANIZATION ..3 II. BACKGROUND AND RELATED WORK ..5 A. B. BACKGROUND ..5 1. Chat and Instant Messaging (IM) ..5 a. Internet Relay Chat (IRC) ..6 b. America OnLine (AOL) Instant Messenger (AIM) ..6 c. Windows Messenger / Yahoo Messenger ..7 d. Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Message and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE) ..7 e. Jabber / XMPP ..8 2. Extensible Markup Language (XML)..8 C. RELATED WORK ..10 1. Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) ..10 2. Joint Consultation Command and Control Information Exchange Data Model (JC3 IEDM).
