Parker O-ring Handbook - logwell.com

1 Parker O-ring Seals Handbook Catalog ORD 5700A/US. ISO 9001 / QS9000 Certified Parker Sections I. II. Introduction to O-ring Sealing Basic O-ring Elastomers O-ring III. IV. O-ring Applications Static O-ring Sealing Handbook V. VI. Dynamic O-ring Sealing ParBak Back-Up Rings 2001 Edition VII Compatibility Tables for Gases, Fluids, Solids VIII Specifications IX Sizes X Appendix XI Index Parker Offer of Sale Seals Parker Accessories for O-ring Users WARNING. Failure, improper selection or improper use of the products and/or systems described herein or related items can cause death, personal injury or property damage. This document and other information from Parker hannifin Corporation, its subsidiaries and authorized distributors provides product and/or system options for further investigation by users having technical expertise.

2 It is important that you analyze all aspects of your application and review the information concerning the product or system in the current product catalog. Due to the variety of operating conditions and applications for these products or systems, the user, through his or her own analysis and testing, is solely responsible for making the final selection of the products and systems and assuring that all performance, safety and warning requirements of the application are met. The products describes herein, including without limitation, product features, specifications, designs, availability and pricing, are subject to change by Parker hannifin Corporation and its subsidiaries at any time without notice.

3 OFFER OF SALE. The items described in this document are hereby offered for sale by Parker hannifin Corporation, its subsidiaries and its authorized distributors. This offer and its acceptance are governed by the provisions stated on the separate page of this document entitled Offer of Sale.. Copyright 1999, 2001, Parker hannifin Corporation, Cleveland, OH. All rights reserved. 5700 Handbook Parker O-ring Handbook Table of Contents I. Introduction II. Basic O-ring Elastomers III. O-ring Applications IV. Static O-ring Sealing V. Dynamic O-ring Sealing VI. Back-Up Rings VII. Compatibility Tables for Gases, Fluids, Solids VIII. Specifications IX. Sizes X. Appendix XI.

4 Index i Parker hannifin Corporation O-ring Division 2360 Palumbo Drive, Lexington, KY 40509. Seals Build With The Best! Phone: (859) 269-2351 Fax: (859) 335-5128. 5700 Handbook Introduction Parker O-ring Handbook Section I. Introduction How to Use This Handbook .. 1-2. What is an O-ring ?.. 1-2. What is an O-ring Seal? .. 1-2. Advantages of O-rings .. 1-2. Operation .. 1-3. O-ring 1-3. Limitations of O-ring Use .. 1-4. Scope of O-ring Use .. 1-4. Static 1-5. Reciprocating Seals .. 1-5. Oscillating Seals .. 1-5. Rotary Seals .. 1-5. Seat Seals .. 1-6. Pneumatic Seals .. 1-6. Vacuum Seals .. 1-6. Cushion Installation .. 1-6. Crush 1-6. Rod Wiper Installation .. 1-6.

5 O-rings as Drive Belts .. 1-7. Custom Molded Shapes .. 1-7. Parker Engineering .. 1-7. Comparison of Common Seal Types .. 1-7. Recommended Design Procedure .. 1-7. O-ring Design Procedure Using inPHorm O-ring Design & Material Selection Software .. 1-8. Recommended Manual Design Procedure .. 1-8. inPHorm is a trademark of Parker hannifin Corporation. 1-1 Parker hannifin Corporation O-ring Division 2360 Palumbo Drive, Lexington, KY 40509. Seals Build With The Best! Phone: (859) 269-2351 Fax: (859) 335-5128. 5700 Handbook Introduction Parker O-ring Handbook I n t rro oduction Figure 1-1: Basic O-ring Groove Bore Piston Rod How to Use This Handbook For those who are unfamiliar with O-ring design, it is recommended that they first study this introductory sec- tion, becoming familiar with the basic principles of O-ring Figure 1-2: Basic Gland seals, their common uses and general limitations.

6 A basic glossary of O-ring and other sealing terms is available in the Appendix, Section X, which may be consulted if unfamiliar words or technical terms are encountered. The seal design portions of this Handbook explain in detail the design process required depending on the application. Those who are already familiar with O-ring seal design may simply refer to the appropriate design tables for the infor- mation needed. Even those who have designed many O- Figure 1-3: Gland and O-ring Seal ring seals, however, may profit by reviewing the basics O-ring (Figures 1-2 and 1-3). The combination of these two from time to time. elements; O-ring and gland constitute the classic O-ring seal assembly.

7 What is an O-ring ? An O-ring is a torus, or doughnut-shaped ring , generally Advantages of O-rings molded from an elastomer, although O-rings are also made They seal over a wide range of pressure, temperature from PTFE and other thermoplastic materials, as well as and tolerance. metals, both hollow and solid. This Handbook , however, Ease of service, no smearing or retightening. deals entirely with elastomeric O-rings. No critical torque on tightening, therefore unlikely to O-rings are used primarily for sealing. The various types of cause structural damage. O-ring seals are described in this section under Scope of O-rings normally require very little room and are light O-ring Use.

8 O-rings are also used as light-duty, mechani- in weight. cal drive belts. More information, including design criteria In many cases an O-ring can be reused, an advantage on O-ring drive belts and their application will be found in over non-elastic flat seals and crush-type gaskets. O-ring Applications, Section III. The duration of life in the correct application corre- sponds to the normal aging period of the O-ring material. What is an O-ring Seal? O-ring failure is normally gradual and easily identified. An O-ring seal is used to prevent the loss of a fluid or gas. Where differing amounts of compression effect the The seal assembly consists of an elastomer O-ring and a seal function (as with flat gaskets), an O-ring is not gland.

9 An O-ring is a circular cross-section ring molded effected because metal to metal contact is generally from rubber (Figure 1-1). The gland usually cut into allowed for. metal or another rigid material contains and supports the They are cost-effective. 1-2 Parker hannifin Corporation O-ring Division 2360 Palumbo Drive, Lexington, KY 40509. Seals Build With The Best! Phone: (859) 269-2351 Fax: (859) 335-5128. 5700 Handbook Introduction Parker O-ring Handbook Operation between inner and outer members of the gland. Figure 1-7. illustrates the result of further increasing pressure and the All robust seals are characterized by the absence of any resulting extrusion failure.

10 The surface tension of the pathway by which fluid or gas might escape. Detail differ- elastomer is no longer sufficient to resist flow and the ences exist in the manner by which zero clearance is material extrudes (flows) into the open passage or clear- obtained welding, brazing, soldering, ground fits or ance gap. lapped finishes or the yielding of a softer material wholly or partially confined between two harder and stiffer members of the assembly. The O-ring seal falls in the latter O-ring Characteristics class. A very early and historically prominent user of O-rings(1). The rubber seal should be considered as essentially an cites a number of characteristics of O-ring seals which are incompressible, viscous fluid having a very high surface still of interest to seal designers.