Pesticide residues in food - 2002

1 I Pesticide residues in food - 2002 Report of the Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide residues in food and the Environment and the WHO Core Assessment Group on Pesticide residues Rome, Italy 16- 25 September 2002 ii ISBN 92-5-104858-4 iii CONTENTS List of participants .. v Abbreviations .. xvii Use of JMPR reports and evaluations by registration authorities .. xix Report of the 2001 JMPR FAO/WHO Meeting of Experts .. 1 1. Introduction .. 1 2. General considerations .. 3 Needs of JMPR .. 3 Further guidance on derivation of the acute RfD .. 4 Reconsideration of acute RfDs .. 8 Developmental neurotoxicity studies .. 12 Draft report of the OECD/FAO zoning steering group .. 13 Data requirement for evaluation of residue trials submitted by governments.

2 13 Guidance for submission of Pesticide residue monitoring data on spices .. 14 Statistical methods for estimation of MRLs .. 16 Variability of residues in natural units of crops .. 16 Intake calculation for meat and fat .. 18 Maximum residue levels for animal commodities Group MRLs .. 20 Policy on MRLs for commodities of animal origin when residues are unlikely to occur irrespective of residue levels in farm animal diet .. 23 Use of the terms Bound Residue and Non-extractable Residue .. 23 3. Dietary risk assessments for Pesticide residues in food .. 25 4. Evaluation of data for establishing values for the acute dietary intake of humans, maximum residue levels, supervised trials median residue levels, and daily intakes1 .. 31 Acephate (T)** .. 31 Aldicarb (R) .. 38 Bitertanol (R) .. 39 Carbaryl (R)**.

3 40 Carbofuran (T,R) .. 65 Carbosulfan (R) .. 70 Clethodim (R) .. 71 Deltamethrin (R)** .. 75 Diflubenzuron (R)** .. 98 Esfenvalerate (T,R)* .. 119 T- toxicological evaluation; R- residue and analytical aspects * New compound ** Evaluated within the periodic review program of the Codex Committee on Pesticide residues iv Ethephon (T) .. 134 Fenamiphos (T) .. 135 Flutolanil (T,R)* .. 137 Folpet (T) .. 149 Imidacloprid (R) .. 150 Lindane (T)** .. 181 Metalaxyl-M and Metalaxyl(T)** .. 186 Methamidophos (T)** .. 192 Oxamyl (T,R)** .. 198 Oxydemeton-methyl (T) .. 214 2-Phenylphenol and its Sodium Salt (R) .. 215 Piperonyl Butoxide (R) .. 217 Phosmet (R) .. 235 Propargite (R)** .. 239 Tolylfluanid (T,R)**.

4 254 Triazophos (T)** .. 272 5. Recommendations .. 279 6. Future work .. 281 Annex 1 .. 283 Annex 2 .. 299 Annex 3 .. 311 Annex 4 .. 339 Annex 5 .. 363 Annex 6 .. 369 Annex 7 .. 373 v 2002 Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide residues Rome, 16-25 September 2002 PARTICPANTS FAO Members Dr. Ursula Banasiak Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (BBA) Stahnsdorfer Damm 81 D-14532 Kleinmachnow Germany Tel: (49 33203) 48338 Fax: (49 33203) 48425 E-mail: Dr. Eloisa Dutra Caldas University of Brasilia College of Health Sciences Pharmaceutical Sciences Department Campus Universit rio Darci Ribeiro 70919-970 Bras lia/DF Brazil and Central Laboratory of Public Health of Federal District SGAN Qd 601 Bl.

5 O/P-70830-010C Brasilia-DF Brazil Tel: (55 61) 316 9825 Fax: (55 61) 321-9995 E-mail: Dr. Stephen Funk Health Effects Division (7509C) US Environmental Protection Agency 1200 Pennsylvania Ave NW, 7509C Washington, 20460 USA Tel: (1 703) 305 5430 Fax: (1 703) 305-0871 E-mail: vi Mr. Hamilton Principal Scientific Officer Animal & Plant Health Service Department of Primary Industries Box 46 Brisbane, QLD 4001 Australia Tel: (61 7) 3239 3409 Fax: (61 7) 3211 3293 Dr. Bernadette C. Ossendorp Centre for Substances and Risk Assessment National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) Antonie van Leewenhoeklaan 9 Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven The Netherlands Tel: (31 30) 274 3970 Fax: (31 30) 274 4475 E-mail: Dr. Yukiko Yamada Research Planning and Coordination Division National food Research Institute 2-1-12 Kannondai Tsukuba 305-8642 Japan) Tel: (81 298) 38 8017 Fax: (81 298) 38 8005 E-mail: WHO Members Professor Alan R.

6 Boobis Section on Clinical Pharmacology Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Imperial College Hammersmith Campus Ducane Road GB-London W12 0NN Tel: (44 20) 8383 3221 Fax: (44 20) 8383 2066 E-mail: Participants vii Professor Joseph F. Borzelleca Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology Medical College of Virginia Virginia Commonwealth University (H) 8718 September Drive Richmond, VA 23229-7319 USA Tel: (1 804) 285 2004 Fax: (1 804) 285 1401 E-mail: Dr. Les Davies A/g Scientific Director Chemicals & Non-Prescription Medicines Branch Therapeutic Goods Administration Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing Box 100 Woden, ACT 2606 Australia Tel: (61 2) 6270 4301 Fax: (61 2) 6270 4411 E-mail: Dr. Vicki L. Dellarco US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programs (7509C) Health Effects Division 401 M Street, Washington, DC 20460 USA Tel: (1 703) 305 1803 Fax: (1 703) 305 5147 E-mail: Dr.

7 Helen H kansson Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Division of Risk Assessment and Organohalogen Pollutants Box 210 S-171 77 Stockholm Sweden Tel: (46 8) 728 75 27 Fax: (46 8) 33 44 67 E-mail: viii Dr. Angelo Moretto Dipartimento Medicina Ambientale e Sanit Pubblica Universit di Padova via Giustiniani 2 35128 Padova Italy Tel: (39 049) 821 1377 / 2541 Fax: (39 049) 821 2550 E-mail: Dr. Maria Tasheva Assoc. Professor of Toxicology National Center of Hygiene Medical Ecology and Nutrition Sofia Bulgaria Tel: (3592) 58 12 626 Fax: (3592) 59 80 76 E-mail: Secretariat Dr. Arpad Ambrus Head, Agrochemicals Unit Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in food and Agriculture IAEA Wagramer Strasse 5, Box 100 A-1400 Vienna Austria Tel: (43 1) 2600 28395 Fax: (43 1) 26007 28222 E-mail: Mr. Bernard Declercq FAO Consultant Minist re de l conomie et des Finances Laboratoire interr gional de la DGCCRF 23, Avenue de la R publique 91305 MASSY CEDEX Fax:+33 169538766 Dr.

8 Ian Dewhurst WHO Temporary Adviser pesticides Safety Directorate Mallard House King's Pool ix3 Peasholme Green GB-York YO1 7PX Tel: (44 1904) 455 890 Fax: (44 1904) 455 711 E-mail: Dr Salwa Dogheim FAO Consultant Director of the Central Laboratory of Rresidue Analysis of Pesticide s and Heavy Metals in food Agriculture Research Center , Ministry of Agriculture 7 Nadi El-Said St. Dokki, Gizza Egypt Tel : +202 760 1395 Fax: + 202 761 1216 E-mail : Dr. Karen Hamernik WHO Temporary Advisor US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (7509C) 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, DC 20460 USA Tel: (1 703) 305 5467 Fax: (1 703) 605 0670 E-mail: Dr. Alan R. C. Hill FAO Consultant Department for Environment, food and rural Affairs Central Science Laboratory Sand Hutton York YO4 1LZ UK Tel: +44 1904 462 469 Fax: +44 1904 462 111 E-mail: Dr H.

9 Jeuring Chairman, Codex Committee on Pesticide residues Senior Public Health Officer food Inspectorate for Health Protection and Veterinary Public Health Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport Box 16108 2500 BC The Hague Netherlands xTel: (31 70) 340 5585 Fax: (31 70) 340 5435 E-mail: Dr. Shahamat U. Khan Editor Department of Chemistry, MSN 3E2 George Mason University 4400 University Drive Fairfax, VA 22030-4444 Tel 703 993 1072 Fax 703 993-1055 E-mail: Dr. Jens-J. Larsen WHO Temporary Adviser Head, Department of General Toxicology Institute of Toxicology Danish Veterinary and food Administration Morkhoj Bygade 19 DK-2860 Soborg Denmark Tel: (45 33) 95 60 00 Fax: (45 33) 95 60 01 E-mail: Dr. Sheila J. Logan WHO Temporary Adviser Therapeutics Goods Administration Department of Health & Aged Care MDP 88 Box 100 Woden ACT 2606 Australia Tel: (61 2) 6270 4376 Fax: (61 2) 6270 4353 E-mail: Mr.

10 David Lunn (FAO Consultant) Programme Manager ( residues -Plants) Dairy and Plant Products Group New Zealand food Safety Authority Box 2835 Wellington New Zealand Tel (644) 463 2654 Fax (644) 463 2675 E-mail: xi Mr. Machin (FAO Consultant) Boundary Corner 2 Ullathorne Road London SW16 1SN UK Tel & Fax: (44 208) 769 0435 Dr. Dugald MacLachlan (FAO Consultant) Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Australia Edmond Barton Building, Kingston, ACT 2601 Australia Tel: (61 2) 6271 6522 Fax: (61 2) 6272 3551; E-mail: Dr. Timothy C. Marrs WHO Temporary Adviser food Standards Agency Room 504C Aviation House 125 Kingsway GB-London WC2B 6NH Tel: (44 207) 276 8507 Fax: (44 207) 276 8513 E-mail: Ms.