Session 9 CPD Seminar Lifts and Escalators 25 …

1 1 Session 9 CPD SeminarLifts and Escalators25 january , 20132 Legislation Lifts and Escalators (Safety) Ordinance Cap 327 had been used for just over half a century. From 17thDecember, 2012 onwards, the new Lifts and Escalators Ordinance (Cap 618), enacted on 18thApril, 2012, has been effective. Associated with 2 regulations: Lifts and Escalators (General) Regulation and Lifts and Escalators (Fees) Regulation. Enhancement of control measures. Governs all Lifts and Escalators in both public and private sectors. Responsible Persons (RPs) established, owners, managers and controllers of Lifts or 618 ensures the safety of lift and escalator by the following means:(i)Equipment complianceLift/escalator and their safety components shall be type approved by EMSD.(ii) Quality controlLift/escalator works such as installation, maintenance, repair, alteration and demolition of Lifts / Escalators shall be undertaken by registered lift/escalator contractors (RCs). RC shall notify EMSD in respect of undertaking and subcontracting lift/escalator works.

2 (iii) Safety examinationLift/escalator shall be thoroughly examined and certified in safe working order by registered lift/escalator engineers (REs) before putting into use and operation, after major alternation; and periodically at interval not exceeding 1 year for Lifts and 6 months for 618 ensures the safety of lift and escalator by the following means:(iv) Setting of standardsEMSD is empowered to issue code of practice (CoP) the CoP on the design and construction of Lifts and Escalators and the code of Practice for Lift W orks and Escalator Works (2012 shall attend to the failure of emergency device of lift within 4 hours after the RC becomes aware of the failure. The emergency devices of a lift include the alarm system, emergency lighting and intercommunication system of the lift and the ventilation fan of the car of the the failure of the emergency device cannot be rectified within 24 hours after the registered lift contractor becomes aware of the failure, the RC must, before the end of the 24-hour period, notify EMSD of the failure in the specified form.)

3 (v) ProsecutionEMSD is empowered to issue prohibition order, cessation order, examination order, removal order and improvement penalty levels of offences have been increased the maximum fine is $200,000 and the maximum imprisonment period is 12 618 ensures the safety of lift and escalator by the following means:(vi) Registration systemThe registration systems for RC and RE are enhanced and they are required to renew their registration every 5 years. In addition, a new registration regime for lift /escalator workers (RWs) is of RC, RE and RW are and RW shall carry their registration cards at action against registered person who committed disciplinary offence.(vii) Public monitoringThe new use permit clearly indicates its validity period to better promote user there is a specified incident relating to a lift/escalator, RP shall within 24 hours after the incident comes to the person s knowledge, notify in writing the EMSD and the RC. RC shall display a notice before the end of the 4-hour period after the contractor becomes aware of the specified incident if the normal use and operation of the lift/escalator is suspended because of the 618 ensures the safety of lift and escalator by the following means:(viii) Record keepingRP shall keep and RE shall enter information into log-books and keep related records, such as the name and contact information of sub-contractor if the works is to section 2 of Cap 618, the responsible person (RP) for a lift or an escalator is defined as:(1) the owner of the installation; or(2)any other person who has the management or control of the installation, but that does not include any person who only uses or operates the installation or carries out lift or escalator works.

4 The owner may confer on the appointed responsible person for the installation all or part of the management or control of the installation in a specific and clear manner. The owner should provide the RP with adequate information so that the latter can effectively perform the required duties. Apart from the owner, any other person who has the management or control, including the organization and its staff, the property management company under its contract and the staff representing the property management company, shall be regarded as the responsible person for the installation. The parties who rent or occupy the premises but are not authorised to manage or control the installation, such as tenants or premises users, are notrequired to undertake or fulfil the responsibilities of a responsible person for the of a RP Ensure the installation and all associated equipment or machinery kept in a proper state of repair and of safe working order. Ensure the installation is not used under certain circumstances.

5 Ensure the service lift, goods lift, or mechanized vehicle parking system is not used for carrying persons and is not overloaded. Ensure all lift works or Escalators works carried out by registered contractors. Ensure maintenance works undertaken by registered contractors, not exceeding one month. Ensure certain works conducted by registered engineers, such as periodic examinations, examinations after major alterations. Periodic examination within 2 months from the expiry of the permit. Keep record of log-books for at least 3 years. Allow registered contractors to notify users after serious accidents. Notify registered contractors about failure of emergency devices. 11 How to select an appropriate maintenance contractor? Background Sufficient technical knowhow Spare parts Anticipated duration of maintenance, availability of maintenance schedule Registered Contractor s Performance Rating Scheme established by EMSD, available on EMSD web site Capability of dealing with emergencies12 Benefits of modernization or renovation Safety enhancement Reliability and availability enhancement Improving the appearance More comfortable ride Energy saving Performance improvement, dispatching, speed etc.

6 Prolonging the life Saving money replacement better than repair Problems with changing a contractor, manufacturer not necessary the maintenance contractor13 Definition of a Lift - according to Cap 618, it means a lifting machine or appliance having a carrier the direction of movement of which is restricted by one or more guides; or a mechanized vehicle parking system. Definition of an Escalator according to Cap 618, it means an inclined, continuous stairway that is driven by mechanical power for raising or lowering passengers; or a passenger conveyor that is a continuous walkway driven by mechanical power and is used for conveying passengers on the same or between different traffic levels. Definition of Traction Lift a whose lifting ropes are driven by friction in the grooves of the driving sheave of the machine. Definition of Hydraulic Lift a lift in which the lifting power is derived from an electricity driven pump transmitting hydraulic fluid to a jack, acting directly or indirectly on the of Lifts : Traction (Geared/Gearless/Machine Roomless) HydraulicTypes of Drives: AC2 (AC 2-speed) ACVV (AC Variable Voltage) ACVVVF (AC Variable Voltage Variable Frequency) DCWL (DC Ward Leonard) DCTL (DC Thyristor Leonard)16 Basic Structure of a Traction Lift17 Basic Structure of a Hydraulic Lift18MG taken away for Thyristor Leonard Drive3-phase motor driven by power electronics19 Standard Geared Machine20A Standard Gearless Drive21 Roping Systems22 Machine Roomless Lifts23 Twin Lifts24 Mitsubishi Ropeless Elevator25 OtisOdyssey26 Torque Speed Curve of a standard Induction Machine27 ACVV Control28 ACVVVF Torque Speed Curves29 Torque Speed Curves of ACVVVF Scalar Control30 Major Safety Devices of Traction Lifts .

7 Intercom Overrun switches Landing door interlock Car door interlock Governor and Safety gear Buffers3132 Progressive Safety Gear for High-Speed Lifts33 Flexible guide clamp safety gear for heavy duty elevators341. Wedge-shaped gibs2. Moving on hardened steel chromium-plated rollers3. Mounted in a non-ferrous cage4. Running in the hardened steel tracks of the jaw5. Adjusted by means of a screw assembly6. Cage secured in its position by a helical Safety Devices of Hydraulic Lifts : Pawl Device is a mechanical device for stopping involuntary descent of the car and maintaining it stationary on fixed supports. Electrical Anti-creep system is a combination of precautions against the danger of Against Unintended Car Movement A traction drive lift shall be provided with a means to stop unintended car movement away from the landing with the landing door not in the locked position and the car door not in the closed position, as a result of failure in any single component of the lift machine or drive control system upon which the safe movement of the car depends, except failure of the suspension ropes or chains and the traction sheave or drum or sprockets of the machine.

8 Failure of traction sheave includes a loss of traction. The means shall detect unintended movement of the car away from the landing and cause the car to come to a stop at the latest in a distance of 1,200 mm as measured from the landing sill. 3839 Rope Gripper A traction drive lift shall be provided with ascending car overspeed protection means to detect uncontrolled movement of the ascending car at a minimum 115% of rated speed and shall cause the car to stop. This means shall act either to the car, or to the counterweight, or on the rope system (suspension or compensating) or on the traction Rescue Device42 Use a Double Brake System43A Double Brake44454647 Structure of EscalatorSafety Devices:Shirting/step; Handrail; Comb plateEmergency stop; Power failure with any one phaseEarth fault; Overload; OverspeedOperation of auxiliary brakeBreakage of drive chainsStopping of succeeding Escalators ; Sagging of stepsBreakage of handrailOpening of inspection doors4849 Advances on Lift Design and Installation50 World s Fastest Lift at Taipei 101600 m/min down1010 m/min upComing one in China up to 20 m/s perhaps51 Destination Hall Call SystemMiconic 1052 Remote Monitoring of Lift Systems53 Central Remote Monitoring Centre54 Elevgraphy55 Elevgraphy (cont d)56 Data Acquisition System and Final Graphs ofElevgraphy57 Comfort: ISO 18738:2003 Sound measurement microphone placed m above car floor at the centre, measuring A-weighted sound pressure, LAeqduring lift travel Vibration sensor measures all three directions, using ISO 8041 frequency-weighing factors, maximum peak-to-peak and A95 peak-to-peak value along x- and y-directions and maximum peak-to-peak value along z-direction58 Parameter to Evaluate Energy Performance.

9 Unfair to judge that one elevator is less ENERGY EFFICIENT only because it consumes more energy than another similar elevator even with the same rated capacity, same rated speed and same height of travel. The absolute energy consumption over a period of time MUST NOT BE used Total energy consumption very much depends on the traffic patterns. An idle elevator car almost consumesno energy. Therefore, the benchmarking parameter must be traffic pattern dependent. 59iiniTdwE ==1m-J/kg(J/kg of passengers - m of car travel) should be one appropriate benchmarking parameter, trip by trip basis over a measurement window of T, say 30 minutes, over a dayET= energy consumed during Tn= number of brake-to-brake journeys within T60 Conventional Control61 Artificial Intelligence based Control without Energy Saving Algorithms62 Artificial Intelligence based Control with Energy Saving Algorithms63 Parameters measuring Traffic Performance Average Waiting Time (AJT < 30 s) Average Travel Time (ATT < 60 s)64 RTT the most important parameter in Lift Traffic Analysis65 Formulae for calculating RTT()effpsvulpfvfocfsUUPPHCPOPRTTPLUPPHC LRTTUPPINTPttSHtRTTtttvdtvdtttt100%300;2 122.

10 1===+++=+== ++=66 CoP and Guidelines for Energy Efficiency of Lifts and Escalators , earliest 2000 Edition, latest 2012 Edition6768 The Ordinance (Building Energy Efficiency Ordinance Cap 610) specifies that designated duties under the Ordinance must be performed by Registered Energy Assessors. They are: to certify the declarations by building developers that suitable design provisions of relevant building services installations have been incorporated into the planning and design of the buildings in accordance with the Building Energy code (BEC) and then have been installed and completed in compliance with the BEC so as to apply for Certificate of Compliance Registration (COCR) from Director of Electrical and Mechanical Services (the Director); or to certify the relevant building services installations involved in major retrofitting works that the installations comply with the BEC, issue Forms of Compliance (FOC) to responsible persons or owners of the premises concerned.