SEYCHELLES - WHO

1 SEYCHELLES PHARMACEUTICAL COUNTRY PROFILE ii SEYCHELLES Pharmaceutical Country Profile Published by the SEYCHELLES Ministry of health in collaboration with the world health organization September 2011 Any part of this document may be freely reviewed, quoted, reproduced, or translated in full or in part, provided that the source is acknowledged. It may not be sold, or used in conjunction with commercial purposes or for profit. This document was produced with the support of the world health organization (WHO) SEYCHELLES Country Office, and all reasonable precautions have been taken to verify the information contained herein. The published material does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the world health organization , and is being distributed without any warranty of any kind either expressed or implied. The responsibility for interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader.

2 In no event shall the world health organization be liable for damages arising from its use. iii iv v Foreword The 2011 Pharmaceutical Country Profile for SEYCHELLES has been produced by the Ministry of health , in collaboration with the world health organization . This document contains information on existing socio-economic and health -related conditions, resources; as well as on regulatory structures, processes and outcomes relating to the pharmaceutical sector in SEYCHELLES . The sources of data for each piece of information are presented in the tables that can be found at the end of this document. On behalf of the Ministry of SEYCHELLES , I wish to express my appreciation to Dr Shoba Hajarnis from the Ministry of health for her contribution to the process of data collection and the development of this profile. It is my hope that partners, researchers, policy-makers and all those who are interested in the SEYCHELLES pharmaceutical sector will find this profile a useful tool to aid their activities.

3 Name Dr. Shobha Hajarnis (MRS) Function in the Ministry of health : General Director - Public health Date: 30/08/2011 .. vi Table of Contents .. iii Table of Contents .. vi .. 1 Section 1 - health and Demographic Data .. 3 Section 2 - health Services .. 6 Section 3 - Policy Issues .. 11 Section 4 - Medicines Trade and Production .. 13 Section 6 - Medicines Financing .. 19 Section 7 - Pharmaceutical Procurement and Distribution in the Public Sector .. 22 Section 8 - Selection and Rational Use of Medicines .. 24 Section 9 - Household Data/access .. 27 1 Introduction This Pharmaceutical Country Profile provides data on existing socio-economic and health -related conditions, resources, regulatory structures, processes and outcomes relating to the pharmaceutical sector of SEYCHELLES . The aim of this document is to compile all relevant, existing information on the pharmaceutical sector and make it available to the public in a user-friendly format.

4 In 2010, the country profiles project was piloted in 13 countries ( ). During 2011, the world health organization has supported all WHO Member States to develop similar comprehensive pharmaceutical country profiles. The information is categorized in 9 sections, namely: (1) health and Demographic data, (2) health Services, (3) Policy Issues, (4) Medicines Trade and Production (5) Medicines Regulation, (6) Medicines Financing, (7) Pharmaceutical procurement and distribution, (8) Selection and rational use, and (9) Household data/access. The indicators have been divided into two categories, namely "core" (most important) and "supplementary" (useful if available). This narrative profile is based on data derived from both the core and supplementary indicators. The tables in the annexes also present all data collected for each of the indicators in the original survey form.

5 For each piece of information, the year and source of the data are indicated; these have been used to build the references in the profile and are also indicated in the tables. If key national documents are available on-line, links have been provided to the source documents so that users can easily access these documents. The selection of indicators for the profiles has involved all technical units working in the Essential Medicines Department of the world health organization (WHO), as well as experts from WHO Regional and Country Offices, Harvard Medical School, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (known as Fiocruz), University of Utrecht, the 2 Austrian Federal Institute for health Care and representatives from 13 pilot countries. The compiled data comes from international sources ( the world health Statistics1,2), surveys conducted in the previous years and country level information collected in 2011.

6 Data collection in all 193 member states has been conducted using a user-friendly electronic questionnaire that included a comprehensive instruction manual and glossary. Countries were requested not to conduct any additional surveys, but only to enter the results from previous surveys and to provide centrally available information. To facilitate the work of national counterparts, the questionnaires were pre-filled at WHO HQ using all publicly-available data and before being sent out to each country by the WHO Regional Office. A coordinator was nominated for each of the member states. The coordinator for SEYCHELLES was Dr Shobha Hajarnis. More information about the Pharmaceutical Country Profile is available on WHO web site at: The completed questionnaires were then used to generate individual country profiles.

7 In order to do this in a structured and efficient manner, a text template was developed. Experts from member states took part in the development of the profile and, once the final document was ready, an officer from the Ministry of health certified the quality of the information and gave formal permission to publish the profile on the WHO web site. This profile will be regularly updated by the Ministry of health . Comments, suggestions or corrections may be sent to: Dr Shobha Hajarnis 52 MAHE SEYCHELLES 3 Section 1 - health and Demographic Data This section gives an overview of the demographics and health status of SEYCHELLES . Demographics and Socioeconomic Indicators The total population of SEYCHELLES in 2010 was 86,525 with an annual population growth rate of The annual GDP growth rate is The GDP per capita was US$ (at the current exchange ratei).

8 23% of the population is under 15 years of age, and 11% of the population is over 60 years of age. The urban population currently stands at 54% of the total population. The fertility rate in SEYCHELLES is births per woman. 2% of the population is living on less than $ (international PPP). The income share held by the lowest 20% of the population is (as a % of the national income). The adult literacy rate for the population over 15 years is 96%. Mortality and Causes of Death The life expectancy at birth is and years for men and women respectively. The infant mortality rate ( children under 1 year) is ,000 live births. For children under the age of 5, the mortality rate is 14/1,000 live births. The maternal mortality rate is 133/100,000 live births5. i The exchange rate for calculation for NCU is (1US$ ), which is consistent with the timing of the collection of related NHA data.

9 4 The top 10 diseases causing mortality in SEYCHELLES are Disease % of deaths 1 Hypertensive disease 2 Pneumonia 3 Other heart diseases 4 Septicaemia 5 Cerebrovascular diseases 6 Ischemic heart diseases 7 Remainder of the diseases of the genitor-urinary system 8 Diabetes Mellitus 9 Remainder of the diseases of the digestive system 10 Malignant neoplasm of the prostate [Epidemiology and statistics section, 2010] The top 10 diseases causing morbidity in SEYCHELLES are: Disease 1 Upper and Lower Respiratory tract infections 2 Hypertensive disease 3 Diabetes Mellitus 4 Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue 5 Conjunctivitis 6 Other diseases of the circulatory system 7 Asthma 8 Digestive and gastro-intestinal disease 9 Diseases of the genitourinary system 10 Injury, poisoning, and certain other consequences of external causes 5 The adult mortality rate for both sexes between 15 and 60 years is 1,000 population, while the neonatal mortality rate is 12/ 1,000 life births.

10 The age-standardized mortality rate for non-communicable diseases is 489/ 100,000, 254/ 100,000 for cardiovascular diseases and 126/ 100,000 for cancer. The mortality rate for HIV/AIDS is 10/ 100,000 and there is no mortality from Tuberculosis or Malaria. Key reference documents: National Bureau of Statistics 2011- Population and Vital Statistics 2011 National Bureau of Statistics 2010 - SEYCHELLES in Figures 2010 6 Section 2 - health Services This section provides information regarding health expenditures and human resources for health in SEYCHELLES . The contribution of the public and private sector to overall health expenditure is shown and the specific information on pharmaceutical expenditure is also presented. Data on human resources for health and for the pharmaceutical sector is provided as well.