Software Architecture in Practice - pearsoncmg.com

1 Page i Thursday, March 20, 2003 7:21 PM. Software Architecture in Practice Third Edition Second Edition i The SEI Series in Software Engineering Visit for a complete list of available products. T he SEI Series in Software Engineering represents is a collaborative undertaking of the Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute (SEI) and Addison-Wesley to develop and publish books on Software engineering and related topics. The common goal of the SEI and Addison-Wesley is to provide the most current information on these topics in a form that is easily usable by practitioners and students. Books in the series describe frameworks, tools, methods, and technologies designed to help organizations, teams, and individuals improve their technical or management capabilities.

2 Some books describe processes and practices for developing higher-quality Software , acquiring programs for complex systems, or delivering services more effectively. Other books focus on Software and system Architecture and product-line development. Still others, from the SEI's CERT. Program, describe technologies and practices needed to manage Software and network security risk. These and all books in the series address critical problems in Software engineering for which practical solutions are available. Software Architecture in Practice Third Edition Len Bass Paul Clements Rick Kazman . Addison-Wesley Upper Saddle River, NJ Boston Indianapolis San Francisco New York Toronto Montreal London Munich Paris Madrid Capetown Sydney Tokyo Singapore Mexico City Chrissis_Title 2/3/11 12:32 PM Page iv The The SEIinSeries SEI Series in Software Software Engineering Engineering Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks.

3 Where those Many of the designations appeardesignations in this book,used bypublisher and the manufacturers and was aware of asellers to distinguish trademark their products claim, the designations are printed have been claimed with ini- tialascapital trademarks. letters orWhere those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trade- in all capitals. markCMMI, CMM, claim, the designations Capability have Capability Maturity Model, been printed withModeling, Maturity initial capital letters Carnegie or CERT, Mellon, in all and capitals. CERT Coordination Center are registered in the Patent and Trademark Office by Carnegie Mellon University.

4 CMM, CMMI, Capability Maturity Model, Capability Maturity Modeling, Carnegie Mellon, CERT, ATAM; Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method; CMM Integration; COTS Usage-Risk Evaluation; CURE; EPIC; Evolutionary and CERT Coordination Center are registered in the Patent and Trademark Office by Carnegie Process for Integrating COTS Based Systems; Framework for Software Product Line Practice ; IDEAL; Interim Profile; OAR;. MellonOperationally OCTAVE; University. Critical Threat, Asset, and Vulnerability Evaluation; Options Analysis for Reengineering; Personal Soft- ATAM;. ware Process; Architecture PLTP; ProductTradeoff Analysis Line Technical Probe;Method; CMM.

5 PSP; SCAMPI; Integration;. SCAMPI COTSSCAMPI. Lead Appraiser; Usage-Risk Evaluation;. Lead Assessor; SCE; SEI;. SEPG; TeamEPIC;. CURE; Software Process; and TSP. Evolutionary are service Process marks of Carnegie for Integrating COTS Mellon University. Based Systems; Framework for Software Special permission Product to reproduce Line Practice ; portions IDEAL; of CMMI. Interim for Development Profile; (CMU/SEI-2010-TR-035), OAR; OCTAVE; Operationally Critical 2010 byThreat, CarnegieAsset, Mellon University, has been granted and Vulnerability by the Software Evaluation; OptionsEngineering AnalysisInstitute. for Reengineering; Personal Software Process; PLTP.

6 The authors Line Product and publisher TechnicalhaveProbe;. taken care PSP;in the preparation SCAMPI; of this book, SCAMPI LeadbutAppraiser;. make no expressed SCAMPI or implied Leadwarranty of any Assessor;. kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in SCE; SEI; SEPG; Team Software Process; and TSP are service marks of Carnegie Mellon University. connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. Special The permission publisher to reproduce offers excellent portions discounts on ofwhen this book works copyright ordered by Carnegie in quantity Mellon University, for bulk purchases as which or special sales, listedmay on page include 588, is electronic granted versions by the and/or Software custom Engineering covers and Institute.

7 Content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and branding interests. For more information, please contact: Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed Corporate and trademarks. Government Where Sales those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trade- (800) 382-3419. mark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. The For salesauthors outside and publisher the United States,have taken please care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or contact: implied warranty International Sales of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions.

8 No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information Visit or programs us on the Web: contained herein. The publisher Library of Congress offers excellent discounts Cataloging-in-Publication Data on this book when ordered in quantity for bulk purchases or specialMary Chrissis, sales, which may include electronic versions and/or custom covers and content particular to your Beth. business, training goals, CMMI for development marketing : guidelines focus, integration for process and branding interests. For more information, please contact: and product improvement / Mary Beth Chrissis, Mike Konrad, Sandy Shrum.

9 3rd ed. p. cm. Corporate and Government Sales Includes(800) 382-3419. bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-321-71150-2 (hardcover : alk. paper). 1. Capability maturity model (Computer Software ) 2. Software For sales outside the United States, please contact: engineering. 3. Production engineering. 4. Manufacturing processes. International I. Konrad, Mike. II. Shrum,Sales Sandy. III. Title. 2011. dc22. Visit us on the Web: 2010049515. Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be Bass, Len.

10 Obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any Software means, Architecture electronic, mechanical,inphotocopying, Practice / Len Bass, Paul recording, Clements, or likewise. Rick Kazman. 3rd For information ed. regarding permissions, write to: p. Education, Pearson cm. (SEI in Software engineering). Includes Rights bibliographical and Contracts Department references and index. 501 ISBN. Boylston 978-0-321-81573-6. Street, Suite 900 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Software Architecture . 2. System Boston, design. 02116. Clements, Paul, 1955 II. Kazman, Rick. III.