STUDY OF BREAKWATERS CONSTRUCTED WITH ONE LAYER …

1 REPAIR, EVALUATION, MAINTENANCE, ANDREHABILITATION RESEARCH PROGRAM-TECHNICAL REPORT REMR-CO-10 STUDY OF BREAKWATERS ,--,- 631 WITH ONE LAYER OF armor STONEDETROIT ..byJohn R. WolfDEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYUS Army Engineer District, Box 1027 detroit , Michigan 48231 1027 DTICS% E L E(--FLI- +tS EP20 1989 August 1989 Finai RepoitA;prjvr, For Public Release DistribJtIoTI UnhirntedI rr,: for DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYUS Army Corps of EngineersWashington, DC 20314-1000 LIOO, Civil Works Research Work Unit 32327~ ~' CIWro- by Coastal Engineering Research Center01 EA C.)

2 US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment StationII G M 3909 Halls Ferry RoadVic g Mi?6is *pi(39180-6199T A'q rwo eters useJ 3s )art ct the number jes qnatnq iecnncai reports ot research published under the Repair-a L:', '. a;nFe-ance and Re aowtiiation REMR) Researcn Program clent;ty tne problem area under which !he report, rler ire,'Problem Area Problem AreaCJ Cree ano Steel Structures EM Electrcai and MecharmaiS .3eotecr- ca! El Environmental ImpactsHy -y0raniqcs OM Operations Management3 2a .astaiDestrov this report wnen no longer needed Do not returnit to the originatorThe findings in thts report are not to be construed as an officialDepartment of the Army position unless so designatedby other authorized documentsThe contents of this report are not to be used foradvertising, publication.

3 Or promotional of trade names does not constitute anofficial endorsement or approval of the use of suchcommercial OViE PHOTOSTOP Typical cross sectinn of rubble-mound breakwater with one- LAYER armor stoneMIDDLE Harrisille Harbor breakwater CONSTRUCTED with armorstone of Michigan limestone quarried by drilting andblastingBOTTOM -- Crane barge placing armor stone on rubble-moundbreakwater>-ASS-F CA'O% OF --S DAGEREPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 0MB No 0J?04 or88_____ IEgo Date jW'30 !986'a R5E'-q AS A~b RESTRICTIVE MARKINGSU nclassified'a TY 'ION AUTHORITY 3 DISTRifuTiON 'AVAILABL Ty OF REPORTA pproved for public release.

4 Z~ , DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE distribution NO ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 5 MONITORING CRGANIZAT-ON REPORT NUMBE(ST1eChnical Report REMR-CO-106a NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION rb OFFICE SYMBOL 7a NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATIONUTSAFO, detroit I (If appicable) USAEWES, Coastal EngineeringICENCE-ED-L Research Center6& ADDRESS (Cory, State, and IIPCode) 7b ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Code)PO Box 1027 3909 Halls Ferry RoadDetroit, MI 48231-1027 Vicksburg, MS 39180-61998a NAME OF FLUNDING, SPONSORING Bb OFFICE SYMBOL 9 PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBERv ~NIA o rp of Engineers (I -piabe8c ADDRESS (City, State.)))

5 And ZIP Code) 10 SOURCE OF PUNUING NUMBERSPROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORK UNITW ashington, DC 203 14-1000 ELEMENT NO NO NO ACCESS ON NOI I 1 1323271 1 flTLE (include Security Classficanron) STUDY of BREAKWATERS CONSTRUCTED With One LAYER of armor Stone; detroit District12 PERSONAL AUTHOR(S)Wolf, John TYPE OF REPORT 13b TIME COVERED 14 DATE OF REPORT (Year. MotDy 5 PAGE COUNTF inal report FROM Oct 85 TO Sep 86 1 August 1989 6116. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION A report of the Coastal Problem Area of the Repair, Evaluation, Main-tenance, and Rehabilitation (REMR) Research Program.

6 Available TechnicalTnfontinnqprirp59A Pnt Zoil in~d- 221 .17 COSArI CODES 18 SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number)zELD CROUP SUB-GROUP armor stone One- LAYER armorBreakwacers Specially placed armor19 ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number)-This STUDY was carried out to provide documentation of the design, construction,repair, rehabilitation, maintenance, environmental loading, and economic history of one- LAYER armor -stone BREAKWATERS in the US Army Engineer District, detroit , and to presentcost comparisons for one- LAYER stone BREAKWATERS versus two- LAYER stone ) JSTRIBjTfON AV'AiLABIL1TY OF ABSTRAC' 21 ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION9jUNCLASSiF)ED,UNL!

7 MITED 0 SAME AS PPT Zi L),. USERS Unrlissified22a NAME OF RESPONSIBLE ,D0iVIDUAL 22b TELEOHONE (include Area Code) 22c OFFICE SYMBOLDO FORM 1473, 84 MAR 13 APR eadton may ne usea Unt'r exflauvea SEC<A lTY C(LASSIFICATION 09 --IS PaGEall other eamons are oosolete UnclassifiedPREFACEThis report was prepared as part of the coastal problem area of theRepair, Evaluation, Maintenance, and Rehabilitation (REMR) Research work was carried out under REMR Work Unit No. 32327, "Repair of LocalizedDamage to Rubble-Mound Structures." The REMR program is under the generaldirection of Mr.

8 James E. Crews and Dr. Tony C. Liu, REMR Overview Committee(REMROC), Headquarters, US Army Corps of Engineers (HQUSACE); Mr. Jesse , Jr., Directorate of Research and Development, HQUSACE; members ofthe REMR Field Review Group; Mr. John H. Lockhart, REMR Problem Area Monitor,HQUSACE; Mr. William F. McCleese, REMR Program Manager, US Army EngineerWaterways Experiment Station (WES); and Mr. D. D. Davidson, REMR Coastal Prob-lem Area Leader, Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC), work was carried out as a joint effort of WES and the US Army Engi-neer District, detroit .

9 The portion of the work conducted at WES through CERC during the period from October 1985 through September 1986 was under the gen-eral direction of Dr. R. W. Whalin, former Chief, Mr. C. C. Calhoun, Jr.,former Acting Chief, Dr. J. R. Houston, present Chief of CERC, Mr. C. E. Chatham,Jr., Chief, Wave Dynamics Division, and Mr. D. D. Davidson, Chief, Wave ResearchBranch. The portion of the work conducted at the detroit District was under thegeneral direction of Mr. B. Malamud, Acting Chief, Engineering Division, Mr. , Chief, Great Lakes Hydraulics and Hydrology Branch, and Mr.

10 T. , Chief, Coastal Section. This report was prepared by Mr. J. R. Wolf,Hydraulic Engineer, detroit District. This report was edited byMrs. N. Johnson, Information Products Division, WES, under the InterpersonnelAgreement case histories were written from information obtained from annualstructure inspection reports, conferences, tel .:ie conversations, projectplans and specifications, project files and cot ..ondence, design memoran-dums, literature reviews, model studies, surveys, and Commander and Director of WES during preparation of this report 'orwas LTC Jack R.