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Triple Offset Valves for Molecular Sieve …

|| v lvulas Triple Offset Valves for Molecular Sieve Applications in Ethylene Production Sergio Casaroli and Marco Ferrara Emerson Automation Solutions IN LIGHT OF AN INCREASED COMPETITION on a Switching Valves used in Molecular Sieve applications (cracked gas drying) in the ethylene production industry face several global scale and subsequent pressure on increa- operating challenges that may link to increased plant downtime, sing plant efficiency, reducing capital and opera- product loss and environmental pollution. Key end users and tional expenditures without compromising safety, licensors have long been seeking alternative solutions to the reliability, and performance is paramount.

wwwindustriauimicas Industria Química 35 | válvulas conditions that valves must withstand. TOVs represent an innovative solution for molecular sieving because of their

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Transcription of Triple Offset Valves for Molecular Sieve …

1 || v lvulas Triple Offset Valves for Molecular Sieve Applications in Ethylene Production Sergio Casaroli and Marco Ferrara Emerson Automation Solutions IN LIGHT OF AN INCREASED COMPETITION on a Switching Valves used in Molecular Sieve applications (cracked gas drying) in the ethylene production industry face several global scale and subsequent pressure on increa- operating challenges that may link to increased plant downtime, sing plant efficiency, reducing capital and opera- product loss and environmental pollution. Key end users and tional expenditures without compromising safety, licensors have long been seeking alternative solutions to the reliability, and performance is paramount.

2 This ar- standard valve product design for this application. Over the ticle explores the adoption of Vanessa Triple Offset years, Emerson Vanessa has acquired the know-how necessary Valves (TOVs, Figure 1) as a cost-effective solution to manufacture an exceptionally reliable Triple Offset valve that in cracked gas dehydration by adsorption on mo- meets and exceeds the level of performance required with lecular sieves vis- -vis the existing standard valve minimum maintenance and long life expectancy. technology, namely the design principle of a rising stem ball valve. Keywords Ethylene, Valves , Petrochemicals ADOPTING Triple Offset Valves .

3 ON Molecular SIEVES FOR. Las v lvulas de conmutaci n utilizadas en aplicaciones de tamices CRACKED GAS DEHYDRATION. moleculares (deshidrataci n de gas craqueado), en la producci n In an ethylene plant, the cracked gas is saturated de etileno, se enfrentan a varios desaf os operativos que pueden with water before compression and after each in- vincularse con el mayor tiempo de inactividad de la planta, la tercooler stage, therefore it needs to be dried be- p rdida de productos y la contaminaci n ambiental. Se han buscado fore fractionation to prevent the presence of ice at soluciones alternativas al dise o de productos de v lvulas est ndar low temperatures.

4 This is typically done by chilling para esta aplicaci n. A lo largo de los a os, Emerson Vanessa ha and by adsorption using Molecular sieves. The lat- adquirido el know-how para fabricar una v lvula Triple Offset muy fiable que cumple y supera el nivel de rendimiento requerido con ter process involves several operational challenges un mantenimiento m nimo y una larga vida til. that put Valves under severe strain, potentially causing damage and service disruptions. Palabras clave The high number of open/close cycles, the Etileno, V lvulas, Petroqu mica extreme temperatures and the presence of particulate in the flow are some of several harsh 34 Industria Qu mica Septiembre 2017.

5 || v lvulas conditions that Valves must withstand. TOVs represent an CRITICAL ISSUES WITH OTHER TYPES OF Valves . innovative solution for Molecular sieving because of their Gas purification Valves currently face many challenges du- design and ability to perform reliably in such extreme ring both Molecular Sieve processes, three of the most sig- conditions. Using TOVs minimizes the need for maintenance nificant being: while also offering significant footprint/weight reduction as compared with conventional ball Valves , thus generating High frequency open/close cycles intensive cycling, the both Operational Expense (OPEX) and Capital Expense regeneration cycle may occur once every one to three hours, (CAPEX) savings.

6 May cause extensive wear on the valve sealing components Indeed, Emerson's Vanessa Series 30,000 TOVs have Frequent thermal cycles typical regeneration been specified and installed to replace rising stem tilting temperatures can reach 230-315 C (450-600 F) and ball Valves , which have been long considered the standard type of valve design for this application. Customers have ultimately found Vanessa TOVs to be effective in addressing FIGURE 1. Vanessa Series 30,000 TOV. several issues commonly encountered by industrial customers and delivering the performance required with minimum levels of maintenance and long-life expectancy. CRACKED GAS DEHYDRATION - Molecular Sieve PROCESS.

7 Adsorption and absorption are the two key principles used to separate molecules. The former is the most commonly used to dry cracked gases by means of hard, granular adsor- bents manufactured in several types of materials including aluminosilicates (such as Zeolite), ceramic balls, activated carbon and silica gels. The latter, used on sour gas feeds, uses thin membranes and represents another application where Vanessa TOVs has gained significant experience. Gas dehydration in ethylene production relies on the adsorption of multiple solid bed Molecular sieves. Because they are made from a micro-porous material, the ability of Molecular sieves to selectively adsorb gases and liquids makes them widely used across many diverse applications.

8 Smaller diameter fluid molecules separate from the main feedstock via electrostatic attraction or micro-porosity adsorption and remain trapped inside the adsorbent structure. After use, Molecular sieves are regenerated with temperature swings and regenerating gases, which allow full recovery of the trapped molecules while also restoring FIGURE 2. Molecular Sieve Process the Sieve adsorption capacity. Solid bed and membrane Molecular Sieve processes are extremely challenging for valve equipment. These processes use Valves to perform frequent ON-OFF functions to switch one or more vessels from gas purification to adsorbent regeneration modes (Figure 2).

9 Switching Valves controls the Molecular Sieve sequencing: one vessel in purification mode (the ambient temperature feed gas stream is flushed through the adsorbed, contaminants are separated from the gas), and the opposite one in regeneration mode (a high temperature regeneration gas is flushed in the opposite direction removing trapped contaminants). A third cooling stage may also be involved. Operating failure of Molecular Sieve can lead to significant plant downtime, product loss, potential environmental pollution and other safety issues. Industria Qu mica 35. Triple Offset Valves for Molecular Sieve Applications in Ethylene Production thermal expansion and contraction can affect valve LONG-TERM RELIABILITY OF NON- performance RUBBING, METAL-TO-METAL TOVS.

10 Adsorbent residuals gas purification residuals (crushed Process designers and plant operators seeking a reliable and adsorbents) are often present in outlet gases and can pass cost-effective option are wise to consider using a different through screens and flow through the Valves towards type of valve in Molecular Sieve applications, such as TOVs. downstream lines, causing abrasion of sealing components/ The Vanessa valve was the first to provide a TOV capable bearings and jeopardizing valve integrity of performing zero leakage 1 by using a non-rubbing design across the entire 90 rotation (differently from Historically, non-rubbing rising stem (tilting) ball Valves high performance butterfly Valves which typically rub for have been the standard valve design used in Molecular approximately 20% of rotation) capable of delivering a sieves and are usually specified for sizes and classes up single, instantaneous contact between sealing elements to 24 /Class 900.


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