什么是软开关技术 - tup.tsinghua.edu.cn

1 1 , , , , , , , , , , , (Electromagnetic Interference, EMI) , (Safety Operation Area, SOA), , 1 2 , , , SOA , , SOA , 116 , 3 4 , , , EMI 3 4 , , (a) (b) (a) , , , 0 , , , , ; (a) , , 0, ; (b) , , 0, , 0.

2 (b) , , , , , , , , , , (soft switching) , , , , , (Zero Voltage Switching,ZVS), (Zero Current Switching,ZCS) , ZVS ZCS 117 20 70 , 20 70 20 80 ZVS 20 80 20 80 ZCS-PWM ZVS-PWM 20 80 ZVS-PWM 250W 20 90 ZCT-PWM ZVT-PWM 20 90 PWM 20 , PWM DC/DC , VICOR DC/DC ,48V/600W , 90%, 120W/in3.

3 Lambda ZVS-PWM Fly-forward , DC/DC 90% ETM LCC ZCS , 11 , 100kHz, 92% 20 , 2kW , PWM , 93%, PWM 40% , , , , , , , , , , PWM DC/DC : (1) (Quasi- resonant Converters,QRCs) (Muli- resonant Converters,MRCs) , , (Zero-Current-Switching Quasi- resonant Converters, ZCS QRCs) (Zero-Voltage-Switching Quasi- resonant Converters, ZVS QRCs) , PWM (2) , ( resonant Converters) , , ( series resonant Converters,SRCs) ( parallel resonant Convers,PRCs) , : , 118 ( ) ( series Load resonant Converters, SLRCs).

4 , ( ) ( parallel Load resonant Converters, PLRCs) , , , , , PWM , (3) PWM (Zero Switching PWM Converters) PWM (Zero-Voltage-Switching PWM Converters) PWM (Zero-Current-Switching PWM Converters) QRCs , , , PWM , QRCs , , 1/10~1/5 (4) PWM (Zero Transition Converters) PWM (Zero-Voltage-Transition PWM Converters, ZVT PWM Converters) PWM (Zero-Current-Transition PWM Converters,ZCT PWM Converter) PWM , , , , PWM DC/DC , , , , , RCD , , , , , RCD , RCD ,RCD , (a) , , (b) , RCD , RCD , (a) RCD : RCD , , , S , 119 , S , S.

5 RCD , , ,RCD , S Uc , , ( ) C R RCD (a) RCD , Saber , 1mH, , 10 H, 20kHz, , RCD , (a) (b) (c) RCD R=10k R=1k , , RCD , , R=1k , ; , , , (b) (c) , R=10k R=1k 145V 60V, , RCD Saber 120 RCD Saber RLD RCD RLD , , IGBT , Buck RLD , RLD , L R D , L 0 , RLD , Saber , 20kHz, , RLD , , , , RLD , Buck RLD RLD Saber 121 RLD Saber , (ZCS) (ZVS), (ZCS QRCs) (ZVS QRCs)

6 , Buck Buck , Buck , , Lr, Cr , Lr L, , Lr L , , Lr Buck , , 7 , 2 3 4 , , 5 , 5 (a)~(e) Buck Buck 122 Buck 1) 1: t0~t1t0 , S , S , iL t0 , S, , Lr L Buck , , , t0 , Cr , uCr( uS) , S ; uD1=Ui-uCr(t) , uCr(t1)=Ui , D1 uD1(t1)=Ui-uCr(t1)=0 , L Lr , , iL=iLr, , Cr uCr 2) 2: t1~t4t1 , Cr , , D1 t1 Lr Cr (b) 1 , iLr , D1 ,t2 , iLr(t2)=0, uCr ; t2 , ,uCr , iLr , D1 iL, iLr t3 , iLr.

7 T4 , uCr 3) 3: t4~t5t4 , uCr , D , t4 S, D , D , , 123 iLr ( ) t5 , iLr 4) 4: t5~t6t5 , iLr , D1 iD1=iL-iLr, iLr , iD1 ,t6 , D1 5) 5: t6~t7t6 , Buck , iL , , S , 1 IL( L , iL , IL) , , 2, (5-1) LrdiLrdt+uCr=UiCrduCrdt=iLr uCr(t1)=Ui, iLr(t1)=IL, t [t1,t4](5-1) , uCr 1 (5-2) uCr(t)=LrCrILsin r(t-t1)+Ui, r=LrCr t [t1,t4](5-2) uCr us, uS_peak=LrCrIL+Ui(5-3) , uCr , , (5-2), LrCrIL>Ui(5-4) (5-4), Ui , , : (1) , Buck , , , ; (2).

8 (3) , , , , , Saber Buck , , (a) (b) (c) R=10 25 100 , , ; R=10 R=25 , , ,R=10 300V,R=25 210V, (5-4) , R=124 10 , 3 , , ; R=100 140V, , , , , , (c) , , , Buck Saber Buck Saber 125 LC ,LC , , , , LC , , Lr Cr S1~S4 : S1 S4 ,S2 S3 , 180 , , LC : uLC=uAB-uW1=Ui-kTUoiLr>0 S1/S4 Ui+kTUoiLr<0 D1/D4 -Ui+kTUoiLr<0 S2/S3 -Ui-kTUoiLr>0 D2/D3 (5-5) ,kT fs LC fr ,LC 3 , fs< ; <fs<fr.

9 Fs>5fr r=2 fr=1/LrCr, Tr=2 LrCr, Zr=Lr/Cr, 3 LC fs< fs fr fs fr , , , 6 1) 1: t0~t1[ (a)] t0 , C , t0 S1 S4, iLr , S1 S4 , S1 S4 D5 D8 ,LC uLC=Ui-Uo/kT, uCr(t0)=-2Uo/kT,iLr(t0)=0, , 126 fs< uCr(t)=(Ui-Uo/kT)-(Ui+Uo/kT)cos r(t-t0) t (t0~t1)(5-6)iLr(t)=(Ui+Uo/kT)Zrsin r(t-t0) t (t0~t1)(5-7) t1 , iLr(t1)=0, uCr(t1)=2Ui, , 1 2) 2: t1~t2[ (b)]t1 , , , , D1 D4 , S1 S4 0, 1 D1 D4 , ,S1 S4 ,LC uLC=Ui+Uo/kT, t1 , uCr(t)=(Ui+Uo/kT)+(Ui-Uo/kT)cos r(t-t0) t (t0~t1)(5-8)iLr(t)=-(Ui-Uo/kT)Zrsin r(t-t1) t (t1~t2)(5-9) t2 , iLr(t2)=0, uCr(t2)=2Uo/kT, , 2 3) 3.

10 T2~t3[ (c)]t2 , S2 S3 , S1 S4 , t2 , , C , , S2 S3 4~ 6[ (d) (e) (c)] 3 , , LC , 1 2 4 5 , 2 5 , 3 6 , , 127 LC fs< 128 <fs<fr fs ( ,fr) fs fr , 1 , , 4 <fs<fr 1) 1: t0~t1[ (a)] t0 , , iLr(t0), , uCr(t0), D2 D3 t0 , S1 S4, D2 D3 , ; S1 S4 , iLr , , S1 S4 , S1 S4 , S1 S4 LC uLC=Ui-Uo/kT , uCr(t)=(Ui-Uo/kT)-[Ui-Uo/kT-uCr(t0)]cos r(t-t0)+ ZriLr(t0)iLr(t0)sin r(t-t0) t (t0~t1)(5-10)iLr(t)=iLr(t0)cos r(t-t0)+(Ui-Uo/kT-uCr(t0))Zrsin r(t-t0) t (t0~t1) (5-11) t1 , , 2) 2: t1~t2[ (b)]t1 , , D1 D4 , S1 S4 , , S1 S4, S1 S4 / S2 S3 LC uLC=Ui+Uo/kT iLr(t1)=0,uCr(t1) 129 uCr(t)=(Ui+Uo/kT)-[Ui+Uo/kT-uCr(t1)]cos r(t-t1) t (t1~t2)(5-12)iLr(t)=(Ui+Uo/kT-uCr(t1))Zr sin r(t-t1) t (t1~t2)(5-13) t2 , S2 S3, D1 D4.