Transcription of Turing, Computing Machinery and Intelligence
1 Computing Machinery AND INTELLIGENCEAlan M. TuringALAN TURING (1912-1954) father of computer science led cracking of Nazi Enigma code convicted of indecency , committed suicideTHE IMITATION GAMETURING S ARGUMENT (FIRST PASS) Turing s argument for (1): i. Prediction: By 2000, computers will have storage of 109 bits. ii. This will allow >30% success at passing Turing test. Turing s comments on (2): Can computers think? is vague. Why? Can computers pass the Turing test? is precise and worthy of investigation. Objection: Same is true of Does Higgs boson exist? will pass the Turing test. 2. Can computers pass the Turing test? is a suitable replacement for Can computers think? . , computers will S ARGUMENT (SECOND PASS) Premise 2 says passing is necessary for thinking. Is Premise 2 plausible? Is the argument valid? Note: Turing sometimes defends this version of (2). will pass the Turing Test. think only if they pass the Turing test.
2 , computers will S ARGUMENT (FINAL PASS) Premise 2 says passing is sufficient for thinking. Is Premise 2 plausible? Is the argument valid? Possible argument for (2): iii. Simulating human behaviour sufficient for thinking. iv. Passing Turing test sufficient for simulating human behaviour. Turing s objections and replies mostly focus on (1) and (iv). will pass the Turing Test. think if they pass the Turing test. , computers will LOVELACE (1815-1852) worked on Babbage s Analytical Engine first computer programmer daughter of Lord ByronAda Lovelace: The Analytical Engine has no pretensions to originate anything. It can do whatever we know hoe to order it to perform. LOVELACE S OBJECTION TO TURING S ARGUMENT Possible argument for (2): iii. Simulating human behaviour sufficient for thinking. iv. Passing Turing test sufficient for simulating human behaviour. What is Lovelace s objection an objection to? Turing s reply: Maybe human behaviour shows less originality than we think Searle would object to (iii), but Turing doesn t address (iii) will pass the Turing Test.
3 Think if they pass the Turing test. , computers will think.
