United Republic of Tanzania Mainland - UNESDOC Database

1 United Republic of Tanzania Mainland education for All 2015 National Review This report was prepared by the relevant national authorities in view of the World education Forum (Incheon, Republic of Korea, 19 22 May 2015). It was submitted in response to UNESCO s invitation to its Member States to assess progress made since 2000 towards achieving education for All (EFA). The views and opinions expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not commit UNESCO. The designations employed and the presentation of material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

2 The paper can be cited with the following reference: education for All 2015 National Review Report: United Republic of Tanzania Mainland . For further information, please contact: THE United Republic OF Tanzania MINISTRY OF education AND VOCATIONAL TRAINING education FOR ALL (EFA) REPORT FOR Tanzania Mainland November, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .. i LIST OF TABLES .. vi LIST OF FIGURES .. viii CHAPTER ONE .. 1 Tanzania Mainland CONTEXT .. 1 Geographical Location .. 1 History .. 2 Demographic Context .. 3 3 Human Resources .. 5 Table 1: Labour Market Requirements by Occupational Category .. 6 Gender .. 7 Tanzania s education Sector .. 7 Structure and Progression .. 7 Commitment to implement EFA Goals and targets.

3 8 CHAPTER TWO .. 10 PROGRESS TOWARDS ACHIEVING education FOR ALL GOALS .. 10 GOAL ONE: Expanding and Improving Comprehensive Early Childhood Care and education , especially for the Most Vulnerable and Disadvantaged Children.. 10 Background to Early Childhood Care and education (ECCE) in Tanzania 10 Definition of ECCE .. 11 Progress Made Since 2000 to 11 Regional Variations of Enrolment (GIR and NIR) 15 Health .. 18 Challenges and opportunities .. 19 Recommendations .. 20 | Page ii GOAL TWO: Ensuring that by 2015 all children, particularly girls, children in difficult circumstances and those belonging to ethnic minorities have access to and complete free and compulsory primary education of good quality .. 21 Introduction .. 21 Primary education in Tanzania .

4 21 Policies Guiding the education Sector and Universal Primary education .. 22 Targets .. 23 PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING THE TARGETS .. 23 Access to Primary education .. 23 Participation in Primary education .. 25 Repetition Rate by grade in primary education .. 31 Transition Rate from Primary to Secondary education .. 34 Special Needs education .. 35 Pupils with Disabilities in Primary Schools by Disabilities, 2008 2013 37 Non formal education (NFE) .. 37 Efforts to Improve Provision of Primary education .. 41 Financing of Primary education 2002 2012 .. 42 Challenges .. 43 Recommendations .. 43 GOAL THREE: Ensuring that the learning needs of all young people and adults are met through equitable access to appropriate learning and life skills programmes.

5 44 Introduction .. 44 Policies, Strategies, Plans and Targets for Implementing EFA Goal 3 .. 45 Contextualizing Life Skills in Tanzania .. 48 Notable interventions and achievements .. 49 Technical and Vocational education and Training (TVET) 50 Literacy Rates .. 57 Educational Attainment: .. 58 | Page iii Secondary education : .. 59 Transition Rate from Ordinary to Advanced Secondary education 60 Technical education and Training (TET) .. 61 Vocational education and Training (VET) .. 62 Graduates in Vocational education and Training and Folk Development Colleges: .. 63 Tertiary education : .. 64 Achievements in TVET .. 64 Challenges (TVET) .. 65 Challenges for Life Skills .. 65 Recommendations (Life Skills) .. 65 Recommendations (TVET) .. 66 Challenges and Recommendations on HIV & AIDS.

6 66 Recommendations .. 66 GOAL 4: Achieving a 50 per cent improvement in levels of adult literacy by 2015, especially for women, and equitable access to basic and continuing education for all adults .. 67 Introduction .. 67 Policy Thrusts .. 68 Programmes Implemented .. 68 Basic and Post Literacy .. 69 Continuing education .. 69 Achievements in Adult Literacy and Continuing education .. 70 Enrolment of Out of School Youth 71 Enrolment of adults in Basic and Continuing education 71 Role of NGOs in Provision of Literacy .. 75 INNOVATIVE 76 Financing of Adult and Continuing education .. 77 Challenges in Adult Literacy and Continuing education provision .. 78 | Page ivRecommendations .. 79 Goal 5: Eliminating gender disparities in primary and secondary education by 2005 and achieving gender equality in education by 2015, with a focus on ensuring girls' full and equal access to and achievement in basic education of good quality.

7 80 Introduction .. 80 Government Commitments to promote gender equality .. 81 Implementation, Achievements and Challenges .. 82 Female enrolment as percentage of total enrolment by level of education (pre primary, primary, ordinary and advanced secondary education ) .. 83 Primary education .. 87 Secondary education .. 95 Completion rate for secondary Form 4 and Form 6 in 2008 2011 .. 100 Gender Parity Index for enrolment in Teacher education .. 100 GPI for Enrolment in Technical Institutions .. 101 GPI for Enrolment of learners in ICBAE learning centres 2000 .. 101 Challenges .. 101 Recommendations .. 102 GOAL 6: IMPROVING ALL ASPECTS OF THE QUALITY OF education AND ENSURING EXCELLENCE OF ALL SO THAT RECOGNIZED AND MEASURABLE LEARNING OUTCOMES ARE ACHIEVED BY ALL ESPECIALLY IN LITERACY, NUMERACY AND ESSENTIAL LIFE SKILLS.

8 103 Introduction .. 103 Definition of the Term Quality education .. 103 Early Childhood Care and education .. 104 Improvement of Quality in the Provision of Primary education by the year 105 Improvement of quality of assessment in primary, secondary and teacher education .. 113 Status of SACMEQ Assessment .. 115 Re establishment of the Directory of Adult and Non formal education and coordination office at a regional level .. 118 Public expenditure on education as a percentage of total government expenditure .. 122 | Page vPublic expenditure on education as a percentage of Gross National Product (GNP) .. 123 Challenges .. 123 Recommendations .. 124 | Page viLIST OF TABLES Table 1: Labour Market Requirements by Occupational Category .. 6 Table 2: Total Enrolment in Government and Non Government Schools/Streams by Sex, 2004 2013.

9 13 Table 3: Net and Gross Intake Rates (NIR and GIR) in Government and Non Government Schools/Streams by Region and Sex, 2013 .. 16 Table 4: Nutrition status of children and women by region in Tanzania (TDHS 2010) .. 17 Table 5: Targets, Actual Achievement and Gaps NER and Completion Rate in Primary education by 2012 .. 28 Table 6: Trend of Enrolment of COBET Learners 2000 2013 .. 38 Table 7: Mainstreaming of Learners into the Formal education System, 2000 2013 .. 38 Table 8: Budget Allocation to Primary education Subsector 2002/03 2012/13 .. 42 Table 9: Identified vocational skills in the Oil and Gas Sector, Tanzania .. 51 Table 10: Enrolment of Learners in ICBAE Learning Centres 2000 2012 .. 70 Table 11: Enrolment of COBET Cohort II Learners 2000 2012.

10 71 Table 12: Enrolment of Learners in IAE s Secondary education ODL Programme 2000 2012 .. 72 Table 13: Literacy Rates of women and men aged 15+ years .. 73 Table 14: Literacy rates of men and women aged 15 to 49 years .. 73 Table 15: Allocation of Funds for Adult and Continuing education from 2008/9 to 2012/13 in Million Tanzanian Shillings .. 78 Table 16: Targets and actual enrolment of Standard 1 Pupils 2007 2011 .. 88 Table 17: Secondary education GER , NER and GPI ,2006 2012 .. 99 Table 18: Book Pupil Ratio (2006 2011) for the Selected Councils .. 106 Table 19: Government Secondary Schools Teacher to Pupil and Qualified Teacher to Pupil Ratios, by Location and Region, 2000 2009 .. 109 Table 20: Availability of Classrooms in Primary Schools by Region.