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1 F . _n. Fkv. sk t^m kb kv B v sSIvt\m-fPn Xncp-h-\- -]pcw (1) Ncn{Xw Npcp- - n 1955- se Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq sIm n kmln-Xy, imkv{X Nmcn- -_n skmssk n cPn-kvt{S-j BIvSv {]Imcw cPn- - sN -s - Xpw I yq- ]cn-io-e-\hpw kmt -XnI Imcy- -fn hnZ-Kvt m-]-tZiw \evIp- -Xp-amb {]Ya m]-\-amb F . _n. Fkv. sk t^m kb kv B v sSIvt\m-fPn (LBSCS&T) tIcf k m m]n- Xv 1976- BWv. kmaq-lnI \ e y-an v hyh-kmb m]-\- fpw kmt -XnI m]-\- fpw X n _ n- n- p Hcp I n-bmbn {]h n- pI F Dt -i-t m-sS-bmWv tIcf k m-dns Iogn Hcp kzbw `cW m]-\-ambn F.}}}}}}

2 _n. Fkv. Bcw-`n- -Xv. (2) kwL-S\m kwhn-[m\w FIvknIyq- ohv I - nbpw Kth-WnwKv t_mUnbpw BWv tI{ - ns `cW \n h-lWw \S- p- -Xv. Kth-WnwKv t_mUn-bpsS sNb am tIcf apJy-a-{ nbpw sshkv sNb am hnZym-`ymk a{ n-bp-am-Wv. FIvkn-Iyq- ohv I n sNb am D X hnZym-`ymk {]n kn- sk{I- -dnbpw sshkvsNb am kmt -XnI hnZym-`ymk Ub-d-IvS-dp-am-Wv. F . _n. Fkv Ub-d-IvS Kth-WnwKv t_mUn-bp-sSbpw FIvkn-Iyq- ohv I - n-bp-sSbpw sa sk{I- -dn-bmbn {]h n- p- p. F.}}}}}}}

3 _n. Fkv. tI{ - ns `c-W- -e-h\pw At -l-am-Wv. `cW]chpw km - n-I-hp-amb hnj-b- -fn Ub-d-IvSsd klm-bn- p-hm-\mbn tPmbn v Ub-d-IvS am , AUvan-\n-kvt{S- ohv Hm^o-k , ^n\m kv Hm^o-k a p Iogp-tZym-K- - m XpS- n-b-hcpw tI{ - n {]h n- p- p- v. (3) sshZKv yw _ncp-Zm-\- c _ncp-Z-hpw, Kth-jW _ncp-Zhpw (PhD) \nc-h[n h j- -fpsS A\p-`h k - p-ap- -h-cmWv R -fpsS DtZym-K- -hr- w. CXn\p ]pdsa F n-\o-b-dnwKv tImtf-Pn-sebpw a p m]-\- -fn-se-bpw, hyh-kmb m]-\- -fn-sebpw {]K- -cmb A ym-]-I-cp-sSbpw hnZ-Kv -cp-sSbpw D]-tZi \n tt -i- fpw tkh-\hpw tI{ w Gs -Sp hnhn[ ] -Xn-I-fpsS \S- n- n-\mbn D]-tbm-Kn- m tI{ - n\v A[n-Im-c-ap- v.}}}}}}}

4 A p m]-\- -fnse hnZ-Kv -cpsS tkh\w D]-tbm-Kn- m-sa- p kuIcyw k m hIp- p-I-fpsS s{]mP-IvSp-I G hpw B[p-\nIamb D]-I-c-W- fpw kmt -XnI hnZybpw D]-tbm-Kn v ]q o-I-cn- m-\p Ignhv tI{ - n\p e`n- p- p. (4) tIcf k -I-em-im-e-bpsS AwKo-Im-c-ap Kth-jW ]T-\-tI-{ -amWv F . _n. Fkv. sk . Ct m s tIcf k -I-em-im-e-bn ]n. F v cPn- sNbvX Kth-jI hnZym n-I tI{ - ns kuIcyw D]-tbm-K-s -Sp- p- p- v. (5) sXmgn Dev]m-Z\w icm-icn 300 apX 400 hsc Bfp-I v tkm^v v shb \n mW cwK pw K v ^m Sn, Iw]yq- Hm -td- , Um m F {Sn Hm -td-j Akn- v, {Unenw v tPmen- m , sajo dn -b am F o \ne-I-fnepw sXmgn \evIp- -Xn\v F m h jhpw tI{ - n\v km[n- p- p- v.}}}}}}}

5 (6) km - nI cwKs {]I-S\w Ign- -Ipsd h j fmbn k m-dns km - nI klmbw C m-sX-bmWv F . _n. Fkv. sk {]h n- p- -Xv. tImgvkv ^okn-\- n-epw, F n-\o-b-dnw-Kv, tkm^v v shb cwK- -fnse hnZKvt m-]-tZiw \evI-en-eq-sS-bpw C kv{Sp-sa-t -j hn`mKw Gs -Sp p \S- p tPmen-I-fn-eq-sSbpw t\Sp hcp-am-\-amWv {][m-\-ambpw tI{ - ns {]h -\- n-\mbn hn\n-tbm-Kn- p- -Xv. tI{ - ns Iogn Imk-d-tKmUv {]h n- p F . _n. Fkv. F n-\o-b-dnwKv tImtfPPpw, Xncp-h-\- -]p-cw ]qP- pc {]h n- p h\nX F n-\o-b-dnwKv tImtfPpw kz{ib coXn-bn-emWv {]h n- p- -Xv.}}}}}}}}}}}

6 Syqj ^okpw Xncn p sImSp- p- tXm A m- tXm Bb Ut m-kn- p-I-fp-amWv Cu tImtf-Pns hcp-am\ t{imX- v. Hmtcm h jhpw Cu sk -dns dh\yq hcp-am-\- n {Iam-\p-K-X-amb ]ptcm-KXn Zriy-am-Wv. (7) e y- *kmt -XnI hnZym-`ymkw/Iw]yq- kmt -Xn-I-hnZy XpS- nb cwK- -fn ]pXnb hnZym-`ymk m]-\- m]n- p-Ibpw hnhn[ hnj-b- -fn {lkz-Im-e, Zo L-Ime tImgvkp-I \S- p-Ibpw sN p-I. *tIc-f- nse kmt -XnI hnZym-`ymk m]-\- , k h-I-em-im-e-I a p s{]m^-j-W m]-\- F n-hbpw hyh-km-b- m-]-\- fpw X n (s]mXp Xmev]cy kwcw-`- , k m hIp- p-I XpS- n-b-h-b-S- w) _ n- n- p Hcp I n-bmbn {]h n p-Ibpw hnhn[ hIp- p-I pw, ]co- -W-im-e-I pw ]Wn- p-c-I pw kmt -XnI klm-b-hpw, kmt -XnI hnZ-Kv - m-scbpw \evIp-Ibpw hyh-kmb hnI-k-\- n-\p-th n Xt -io-b-ambn hnI-kn- n-s -Sp Adnhpw b{ - fpw {]Zm\w sN p-Ibpw sN p-I.}}}}}}}

7 *F n-\o-b-dnw-Kv, kmt -XnI hnZym-cw-K v Kth-jWw t{]m m-ln- n- m-\mbn dnk v s{]mP-IvSp-I XpS- p-Ibpw cq]-I-ev]-\, hnI-k-\w, hymh-km-bnI {]Xn-k- n-Isf A[n-I-cn- p ]co- -W- s{]mP-IvSp-I XpS- n-b-h-bn kmt -XnI klmbw \evIp-Ibpw sk -dns tImtf-Pp-I-fnepw hIp- p-I-fn-epw, hyh-kmb m]-\- -fnepw a p GP kn-I-fnep-ap hnZ-Kv sc D]-tbm-Kn v {]iv\-]-cn-lmc Assk sa p-I Gs -Sp- p-Ibpw sN p-I. *tImtf-Ppw, hIp- p-Xe ]co- -W-im-e-Ifpw h v-tjm- p-Ifpw D]-tbm-Kn v ^m{_n-t -j-\pw, ]cn-tim-[-\-bv pw, hni-I-e-\- n\pw kuIcyw sNbvXpsImSp- p-I.}}}}}}

8 *B[p-\nI coXn-bn-ep Hcp ]cn-tim-[\m tI{ w Bcw-`n- p-Ibpw hn`mh\w sN p coXn-bn hyh-kmb m]-\- pw a p kwcw`I pw D]-tbm-Kn- m-hp coXn-bn F m k o-I-c-W- -tfmSpw IqSnb tI{ w hf n-sb-Sp- p-Ibpw sN p-I. *imkv{Xob At\z-j-W- -fn-eq-sSbpw hyh-kmb cwK- n\p KpW-I-c-amb Kth-jW {]h -\- -fn-eq-sSbpw imkv{X kmt -XnI hnZym-`ymkw t{]m m-ln- n- p-I. *bph kmt -XnI hnZ-Kv pw, imkv{X- pw, F n-\o-b am pw kzbw sXmgn Is - m\pw hyh-kmb kwcw-`- Bcw-`n- m\pw th ]cn-io-e\w \evIp-I.}}}}}}}

9 *kwcw-`-I v G hpw ]pXnb hnh-c- \evIp Hcp tI{ -ambpw Kth-jW ] -Xn-I pw hnZ-Kvt m-]-tZiw \evIp tkh-\- p-ap CS-\m-gn-bmbpw {]h n- p-I. *imkv{X kmt -XnI hnj-b- -fn ASn- m\ Kth-j-W- n\v kuI-cy- Hcp- p-Ibpw t^mt m-jn- p-I Gs -Sp- p-Ibpw sN p-I. *tI{ - ns {]h -\- ns `mK-ambn Kth-jW {]_- - -fpw, Xnkn-kp-I-fpw, ]pkvX-I- -fpw, B\p-Im-en-I- fpw a p IrXn-Ifpw {]kn- o-I-cn- p-I. *]pkvX-I-im-e-I m]n- p-Ibpw ]cn-]m-en- p-Ibpw sN p-I. *hyh-kmb kwcw` -fpsS kmt -XnI {]iv\- v ]cn-lmcw Is - p- -Xn-\m-h-iy-amb sshZKv yw Is - p-I-bpw, t] n\v At]- n- p-Ibpw Kth-jW {]h -\- -fn-eqsS t] vdv t\Sp-Ibpw t] v Ah-Im-i- -fpsS hmWnPy km y-X-I-sf- p-dn v At\z-jn- p-Ibpw sN p-I.}}}}}}}}}

10 *tI{ - ns e y- \nd-th- m-\p-X-Ip a p {]h -\- fn G s Sp-I. *tkm^v v shb hnZ-Kvt m-]-tZiw \evI . *F n-\o-b-dnwKv hnZ-Kvt m-]-tZiw \evI . *amt\-Pvsa v hnZ-Kvt m-]-tZiw \evI . *lm Uv shb hnZ-Kvt m-]-tZiw \evI . *C kv{Sp-sa-t -j hnZ-Kvt m-]-tZiw \evI . (8) tkm^v v shb hnZ-Kvt m-]-tZiw \evI tI{ , kw m\ k m-dp-I p-th- n-bpw, tI{ kw m\ k m m]-\- p-th- nbpw D tkm^v v shb hnZ-Kvt m-]-tZi tPmen-Ifpw Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv hnhc kw oIcW (tU m t{]mk nw-Kv) tPmen-Ifpw ChnsS sNbvXp hcp- p.}}}}}}}