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Chapter 2 Design for Shear - Engineering

Chapter 2 Design for Shear By Richard W. Furlong Introduction Shear is the term assigned to forces that act perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of structural elements. Shear forces on beams are largest at the supports, and the Shear force at any distance x from a support decreases by the amount of load between the support and the distance x. Under uniform loading, the slope of the Shear diagram equals the magnitude of the unit uniform load. Shear forces exist only with bending forces. Concrete beams are expected to crack in flexure, with such cracks forming perpendicular to longitudinal tension reinforcement, , perpendicular also to a free edge. Principal tension stresses change direction from horizontal at the longitudinal reinforcement to 45o at the neutral axis and vertical at the location of maximum compression stress.

The compressive strut capacity of concrete is reached if Vn/(bwd) = 10.0√fc’. Additional stirrups cannot increase section shear strength, as the concrete strength is considered exhausted when Vn/(bwd) > 10√fc’. Design aid SHEAR 2 consists of 3 tables that may be used to determine shear capacity

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