The Bandgap Reference
1971 introduced the first bandgap circuit (Figure 1]. This was fol) [3 - lowed by another topology presented by Brokaw in 1974 (Figure 2] and ) [4 many others later. The rise of CMOS technology in the 1970s posed the question of whether a stable volt-age reference could be created without the use of bipolar devices [5]. However, it was
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