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Coordination Chemistry II: Ligand Field Theory Continued
www.chem.uci.eduTetrahedral Crystal Field Splitting barycenter (spherical field) t 2 orbitals point more directly at ligands and are destabilized. e orbitals point less directly at ligands and are stabilized. x y z M L opposite splitting of octahedral field L L L Δ t < Δ o because only 4 ligands and d orbitals point between ligands
π-Bonding and Molecular Orbital Theory
www.dalalinstitute.comHence, the crystal field splitting Δ o increases and the bond between the ligand and the metal strengthens when metal to ligand bonding takes place. 3. When ligand π-orbitals are empty as well as filled: There are many ligands, like I–, which have both filled p-orbitals as well as vacant d-orbitals of π symmetry.