ADDING VALUE TO LIVESTOCK DIVERSITY

1 PaperISSN 0254-6019168 FAO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTHMany local LIVESTOCK breeds and minor species are in decline and may be lost because they cannot compete with high-yielding exotic breeds. Conserving these breeds is important: many have unique traits, such as hardiness and disease resistance, that are vital for future LIVESTOCK production. One way to help ensure their survival may be to sell products from these breeds to high- VALUE , specialist Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources acknowledges the importance of market access to the sustainable use of LIVESTOCK DIVERSITY and calls for development of markets for products derived from local species and breeds, and for strengthening processes that add VALUE to their products.

2 This publication describes eight examples of marketing of LIVESTOCK products (wool, cashmere, milk, meat and hides) from local breeds of Bactrian camels, dromedaries, goats and sheep in seven countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. It shows how they have kept local breeds in use, while enabling the small-scale LIVESTOCK keepers and pastoralists who raise them to improve their VALUE TOLIVESTOCK DIVERSITY168 FAOA dding VALUE to LIVESTOCK diversityMarketing to promote local breeds and improve livelihoodsCover photographs:Left image: Wool drying (Shramik Kala, India) Ilse K hler-RollefsonCentre image: Camels with milk churn (Tiviski, Mauritania) Omar AbeiderrahmaneRight image.

3 Bactrian camel herder (Gobi camel wool, Mongolia) Ilse K hler-RollefsonFAO ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HEALTHRome, 2010168paperADDING VALUE TOLIVESTOCK DIVERSITYADDING VALUE TOLIVESTOCK DIVERSITYM arketing to promote local breeds and improve livelihoodsPublished byLEAGUE FOR PASTORAL PEOPLES AND ENDOGENOUS LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENTLIFE NETWORKINTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATUREandFOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONSC oordinator:Evelyn Mathias, LPP and LIFE NetworkOverall Editor:Paul Mundy, LPPR ecommended CitationLPP, LIFE Network, IUCN WISP and FAO. 2010. ADDING VALUE to LIVESTOCK DIVERSITY Marketing to promote local breeds and improve livelihoods.

4 FAO Animal Production and Health Paper. No. 168. designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, or of the League for Pastoral Peoples and Endogenous LIVESTOCK Development or of the International Union for Conservation of Nature concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO, LPP or IUCN in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.

5 The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of FAO, LPP or 978-92-5-106453-5 All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fullyacknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to: Chief Publishing Policy and Support BranchOffice of Knowledge, Research and ExtensionFAO Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to.

6 LPP and IUCN, 2010 ContentsAcknowledgements vList of contributors viiExecutive summary ixIntroduction 1 Ilse K hler-Rollefson and Paul MundyPART 1 Wool and cashmere 13 Introduction 15 Marketing wool from an endangered sheep breed in the Deccan Plateau of India 17 Gopi Krishna, PR Sheshagiri Rao, and Kamal KishoreCashmere from the Pamirs: Helping mountain farmers in Kyrgyzstan 29 Carol Kerven and Sabyr ToigonbaevSpinning a VALUE chain from the Gobi: Camel wool in Mongolia 41 Sabine Schmidt, Altanchimeg Chimiddorj, Nancy Shand and Dean OfficerMarketing of handicrafts made from Linca sheep wool in Patagonia, Argentina 51 Luciana Cardinaletti, Julieta von Th ngen and Mar a Rosa LanariPART 2 Meat and hides 59 Introduction 61 Umzimvubu Goats.

7 ADDING VALUE to an under-utilized indigenous resource in South Africa 63 Merida Roets, Zama Mandisi Madikizela and Mpho MazubaneMarketing Criollo goat meat under a protected designation of origin seal in Argentina 73 Facundo Lopez Raggi, Marcelo Perez Centeno, Mar a Rosa Lanari, and Julieta von Th ngenPART 3 Milk 81 Introduction 83 Tiviski: A dairy that sources milk from pastoralists in Mauritania 85 Maryam Abeiderrahmane and Nancy AbeiderrahmaneThe golden Udder: Marketing milk from camels in Puntland, Somalia 99 Michele NoriPART 4 Analysis 107 Paul Mundy, Evelyn Mathias and writeshop participants 109 Participants profiles 135vAcknowledgementsThe writeshop that formed the basis of this book was co-organized by the League for Pastoral Peoples and Endogenous LIVESTOCK Development, the LIFE (Local LIVESTOCK for Empowerment)

8 Network, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature World Initiative for Sustainable Pastoralism (IUCN WISP) with the support of the Environmental Monitoring Group (EMG).We wish to thank all writeshop participants and all those involved in the preparations (see List of contributors). Special thanks are due to:t Ilse K hler-Rollefson (LPP) for providing the stimulus to this project and valuable Evelyn Mathias (LPP) for coordinating the project and Sabine Poth (LPP) for coordinating the travel arrangements of writeshop participants and administrative Jonathan Davies (IUCN WISP) for inputs during the preparations for this workshop and detailed comments on the final Paul Mundy (LPP), Nikola Rass (then IUCN WISP) and Carol Kerven (Odessa Centre) for their editorial work during the Getachew Gebru (PARIMA) for facilitation.

9 T Paul Mundy for compiling and editing the final Noel Oettle and Karen Goldberg (EMG) and Amiene van der Merve (Wanderwomen) for logistic support. t Meg Jordi for Florian Bloechliger of Chartfield Guesthouse and his team for making us feel at home in Kalk Beate Scherf (FAO) for detailed comments on the final draft and support in publishing this Claudia Ciarlatini (FAO) for the layout and thanks go to the donors of this project and the activities leading to it (in alphabeti-cal order):Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)Hivos-Oxfam Novib Biodiversity FundInternational Union for Conservation of Nature World Initiative for Sustainable Pastoralism (IUCN-WISP)viMisereorSwedish International Biodiversity Programme at the Swedish Biodiversity Centre (SwedBio CBM)Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation (SDC)The opinions expressed in the book do not necessarily reflect those of these of contributorsAuthors who did not attend the writeshop are marked with *.

10 See the Participants profiles for contact details of the writeshop (Linca sheep wool)t Julieta von Th ngent Luciana Cardinaletti* t Mar a Rosa Lanari* Argentina (Criollo goat meat)t Facundo Lopez Raggi*t Marcelo Perez Centeno*t Mar a Rosa Lanari*t Julieta von Th ngenIndia (Deccani sheep wool)t Gopi Krishnat PR Sheshagiri Rao*t Kamal Kishore*Kyrgyzstan (jaidari goat cashmere)t Carol Kervent Sabyr ToigoinbaevMauritania (dromedary milk)t Maryam Abeiderrahmanet Nancy Abeiderrahmane*Mongolia (Bactrian camel wool)t Sabine Schmidtt Altanchimeg Chimiddorj*t Nancy Shand*Somalia (dromedary milk)t Michele NoriSouth Africa (goat meat and hides)t Merida Roets* t Zama Mandisi Madikizelat Mpho MazubaneOther participants and contributorst Abdul Raziq Kakart Eliamani Laltaikat Ilse K hler-Rollefson*t Nchunu Justice Samat Jacob WanyamaProject coordinationt Evelyn MathiasFacilitatort Getachew GebruEditorst Carol Kervent Paul Mundy (overall editor)t Nikola RassArtistt Meg JordiixExecutive summaryThroughout the world and over centuries, small-scale LIVESTOCK keepers and pastoralists have developed animal breeds that are well suited to their local conditions.