CHAPTER 6 WALL CONSTRUCTION - ecodes.biz

1 Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen CHAPTER 6. WALL CONSTRUCTION . Design and CONSTRUCTION . Exterior walls of SECTION R601. wood-frame CONSTRUCTION shall be designed and constructed in GENERAL. accordance with the provisions of this CHAPTER and Figures Application. The provisions of this CHAPTER shall con- (1) and (2) or in accordance with AF&PA's trol the design and CONSTRUCTION of all walls and partitions for NDS. Components of exterior walls shall be fastened in accor- all buildings. For strawbale CONSTRUCTION , see Appendix R. dance with Tables (1) through (4). Structural Requirements. Wall CONSTRUCTION shall be capable of wall sheathing shall be fastened directly to structural framing accommodating all loads imposed according to Section R301 members. Exterior wall coverings shall be capable of resisting >. and of transmitting the resulting loads to the supporting struc- the wind pressures listed in Table (2).Wood structural tural elements.

2 Panel sheathing used for exterior walls shall conform to the requirements of Table (3). Compressible floor-covering materials. Com- pressible floor-covering materials that compress more than Studs shall be continuous from support at the sole plate to a 1/ support at the top plate to resist loads perpendicular to the wall. 32 inch ( mm) when subjected to 50 pounds (23 kg). applied over 1 inch square (645 mm) of material and are The support shall be a foundation or floor, ceiling or roof dia- greater than 1/8 inch (3 mm) in thickness in the uncom- phragm or shall be designed in accordance with accepted engi- pressed state shall not extend beneath walls , partitions or neering practice or other methods approved by the building columns, which are fastened to the floor. official. > Exception: Jack studs, trimmer studs and cripple studs at openings in walls that comply with Tables (1) and SECTION R602 (2). WOOD WALL FRAMING Stud size, height and spacing. The size, height and Identification.

3 Load-bearing dimension lumber for spacing of studs shall be in accordance with Table (5). studs, plates and headers shall be identified by a grade mark of a lumber grading or inspection agency that has been approved Exceptions: by an accreditation body that complies with DOC PS 20. In lieu 1. Utility grade studs shall not be spaced more than of a grade mark, a certification of inspection issued by a lumber 16 inches (406 mm) on center, shall not support grading or inspection agency meeting the requirements of this more than a roof and ceiling, and shall not exceed 8. section shall be accepted. feet (2438 mm) in height for exterior walls and load-bearing walls or 10 feet (3048 mm) for inte- End-jointed lumber. Approved end-jointed lum- rior nonload-bearing walls . ber identified by a grade mark conforming to Section may be used interchangeably with solid-sawn mem- 2. Studs more than 10 feet (3048 mm) in height bers of the same species and grade. which are in accordance with Table Structural glued laminated timbers.

4 Glued Top plate . Wood stud walls shall be capped with a laminated timbers shall be manufactured and identified as double top plate installed to provide overlapping at corners required in ANSI/AITC and ASTM D 3737. and intersections with bearing partitions. End joints in top plates shall be offset at least 24 inches (610 mm). Joints in Structural log members. Stress grading of struc- plates need not occur over studs. Plates shall be not less than tural log members of nonrectangular shape, as typically 2-inches (51 mm) nominal thickness and have a width at used in log buildings, shall be in accordance with ASTM D least equal to the width of the studs. 3957. Such structural log members shall be identified by the grade mark of an approved lumber grading or inspection Exception: A single top plate may be installed in stud agency. In lieu of a grade mark on the material, a certificate walls , provided the plate is adequately tied at joints, cor- of inspection as to species and grade, issued by a lum- ners and intersecting walls by a minimum 3-inch-by- ber-grading or inspection agency meeting the requirements 6-inch by a (76 mm by 152 mm by of this section, shall be permitted to be accepted.)

5 Mm) galvanized steel plate that is nailed to each wall or segment of wall by six 8d nails on each side, pro- Grade. Studs shall be a minimum No. 3, standard or vided the rafters or joists are centered over the studs with stud grade lumber. a tolerance of no more than 1 inch (25 mm). The top plate Exception: Bearing studs not supporting floors and may be omitted over lintels that are adequately tied to nonbearing studs may be utility grade lumber, provided the adjacent wall sections with steel plates or equivalent as studs are spaced in accordance with Table (5). previously described. 2011 OREGON RESIDENTIAL SPECIALTY CODE 6-1. 1. M:\data\CODES\STATE CODES\Oregon\2011\Residential\Final VP\ Monday, May 02, 2011 1:58:00 PM. Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen WALL CONSTRUCTION . Bearing studs. Where joists, trusses or rafters are Exception: When the entire side of the wall with the notch spaced more than 16 inches (406 mm) on center and the or cut is covered by wood structural panel sheathing.

6 Bearing studs below are spaced 24 inches (610 mm) on cen- ter, such members shall bear within 5 inches (127 mm) of Headers. For header spans see Tables (1) and the studs beneath. (2). Exceptions: Wood structural panel box headers. Wood structural panel box headers shall be constructed in accor- 1. The top plates are two 2-inch by 6-inch (38 mm by dance with Figure and Table 140 mm) or two 3-inch by 4-inch (64 mm by 89 mm). members. Nonbearing walls . Load-bearing headers are not required in interior or exterior nonbearing walls . A single 2. A third top plate is installed. flat 2-inch-by-4-inch (51 mm by 102 mm) member may be 3. Solid blocking equal in size to the studs is installed used as a header in interior or exterior nonbearing walls for to reinforce the double top plate . openings up to 8 feet (2438 mm) in width if the vertical dis- Bottom (sole) plate . Studs shall have full bearing tance to the parallel nailing surface above is not more than on a nominal 2-by (51 mm) or larger plate or sill having a 24 inches (610 mm).

7 For such nonbearing headers, no crip- width at least equal to the width of the studs. ples or blocking are required above the header. Interior load-bearing walls . Interior load-bearing Fireblocking required. Fireblocking shall be pro- walls shall be constructed, framed and fireblocked as specified vided in accordance with Section for exterior walls . Cripple walls . Foundation cripple walls shall be Interior nonbearing walls . Interior nonbearing walls framed of studs not smaller than the studding above. When shall be permitted to be constructed with 2-inch-by-3-inch (51 exceeding 4 feet (1219 mm) in height, such walls shall be mm by 76 mm) studs spaced 24 inches (610 mm) on center or, framed of studs having the size required for an additional story. when not part of a braced wall line, 2-inch-by-4-inch (51 mm Cripple walls with a stud height less than 14 inches (356. by 102 mm) flat studs spaced at 16 inches (406 mm) on center. mm) shall be sheathed on at least one side with a wood struc- Interior nonbearing walls shall be capped with at least a single tural panel that is fastened to both the top and bottom plates in top plate .

8 Interior nonbearing walls shall be fireblocked in accordance with Table (1), or the cripple walls shall be accordance with Section constructed of solid blocking. Cripple walls shall be supported Drilling and notching studs. Drilling and notching on continuous foundations and braced as required for lateral of studs shall be in accordance with the following: loads in accordance with Sections and 1. Notching. Any stud in an exterior wall or bearing partition Wall bracing. Buildings shall be braced in accor- may be cut or notched to a depth not exceeding 25 percent dance with this section. Where a building, or portion thereof, of its width. Studs in nonbearing partitions may be notched does not comply with one or more of the bracing requirements to a depth not to exceed 40 percent of a single stud width. in this section, those portions shall be designed and constructed 2. Drilling. Any stud may be bored or drilled, provided that in accordance with Section the diameter of the resulting hole is no more than 60 per- Exception: Detached one- and two-family dwellings located cent of the stud width, the edge of the hole is no more in Seismic Design Category C are exempt from the seismic than 5/8 inch (16 mm) to the edge of the stud, and the hole bracing requirements of this section.

9 Wind speed provisions is not located in the same section as a cut or notch. Studs for bracing shall be applicable to detached one- and two-fam- located in exterior walls or bearing partitions drilled over ily dwellings. 40 percent and up to 60 percent shall also be doubled with no more than two successive doubled studs bored. TABLE WALL BRACING METHODSa See Figures (1) and (2). LIB Let-in bracing Exception: Use of approved stud shoes is permitted when they are installed in accordance with the manu- DWB Diagonal wood boards facturer's recommendations. WSP Wood structural panels Drilling and notching of top plate . When piping SFB Structural fiberboard sheathing or ductwork is placed in or partly in an exterior wall or inte- GB Gypsum board rior load-bearing wall, necessitating cutting, drilling or PBS Particleboard sheathing notching of the top plate by more than 50 percent of its PCP Portland cement plaster width, a galvanized metal tie not less than inch thick ( mm) (16 ga) and 11/2 inches (38 mm) wide shall be fas- HPS Hardboard panel siding tened across and to the plate at each side of the opening with ABW Alternate braced wall not less than eight 10d ( inch diameter) having a mini- PFH Intermittent portal frame mum length of 11/2 inches (38 mm) at each side or equiva- lent.

10 The metal tie must extend a minimum of 6 inches past PFG Intermittent portal frame at garage the opening. See Figure a. See Table for specific bracing methods. 6-2 2011 OREGON RESIDENTIAL SPECIALTY CODE. 2. M:\data\CODES\STATE CODES\Oregon\2011\Residential\Final VP\ Monday, May 02, 2011 1:58:00 PM. Color profile: Generic CMYK printer profile Composite Default screen WALL CONSTRUCTION . TABLE (1). FASTENER SCHEDULE FOR STRUCTURAL MEMBERS. NUMBER AND TYPE OF. ITEM DESCRIPTION OF BUILDING ELEMENTS FASTENERa, b, c SPACING OF FASTENERS. Roof 1 Blocking between joists or rafters to top plate , toe nail 3-8d (21/2 ) . 2 Ceiling joists to plate , toe nail 3-8d (2 2 ). 1/ . Ceiling joists not attached to parallel rafter, laps over partitions, 3 3-10d . face nail 4 Collar tie rafter, face nail or 11/4 20 gage ridge strap 3-10d (3 ) . 5 Rafter to plate , toe nail 2-16d (31/2 ) . Roof rafters to ridge, valley or hip rafters: 6 toe nail 4-16d (31/2 ) . face nail 3-16d (31/2 ).