Fluid power graphics - BTP Hydraulics

1 Pooyan Hydraulics2) L= Length of dash, E = Thickness of line, D = Space between SYMBOLSLine continuous long dashes short dashes double long chain thin(optional use)Circle, semi-circlemechanical connections (shafts, levers, piston-rods)Enclosure for several components assembledin one unitAs a rule, energy conversion units (pump,compressor, motor)Measuring instrumentsNon-return link, roller, etcMechanical link, roller, actuator2)D < 5 EDL < 5EL > 10 ELLLE}flow linesISO Fluid power GRAPHIC )dd 5 ESquare, rectangleDiamondMiscellaneoussymbolsTria ngle: solid in outline onlyArrowSloping arrowFUNCTIONAL SYMBOLSAs a rule, control valves (valve) except for non-return valvesConditioning apparatus (filter, separator,lubricator, heat exchanger)Flow line connectionSpringRestriction: affected by viscosity unaffected by viscosityThe direction of flow and the nature of the fluidHydraulic flowPneumatic flow or exhaust to atmosphereIndication of.

2 Direction direction of rotation path and direction of flow through regulating apparatus as in bothrepresentations, with or without a tail to theend of the arrow, are used without distinctionAs a general rule the line perpendicular to thehead of the arrow indicates that when thearrow moves, the interior path always remainsconnected to the corresponding exterior pathIndication of the possibility of a regulation or aprogressive variabilityISO Fluid power GRAPHIC SYMBOLSDESCRIPTIONSYMBOLUSE OF THE EQUIPMENTOR EXPLANATION OF THE OUTLETINLET BALL CHECK UPUMPS ANDCOMPRESSORSF ixed capacityhydraulic pump: with onedirection of flow with twodirections of flowVariable displacementhydraulic pump.

3 With onedirection of flow with twodirections of flowFixed capacitycompressor (alwaysone direction of flow)To convert mechanicalenergy into hydraulic orpneumatic symbol is acombination of (slopingarrow)The symbol is acombination of (slopingarrow)ISO Fluid power GRAPHIC SPRING To convert hydraulic orpneumatic energy into rotarymechanical energyThe symbol is a combination and (sloping arrow)The symbol is a combination and (sloping arrow)The symbol is a combination and (sloping arrow)The symbol is a combination and (sloping arrow)MOTORSF ixed capacityhydraulic motor: with onedirection of flow with twodirections of flowVariable displacementhydraulic motor: with onedirection of flow with twodirections of flowFixed displacementpneumatic motor: with onedirection of flow with twodirections of flowVariable displacementhydraulic motor: with onedirection of flow with twodirections of flowOscillating motor.

4 Hydraulic pneumaticUSE OF THE EQUIPMENTOR EXPLANATION OF THE SYMBOLISO Fluid power GRAPHIC UNITSF ixed displacementpump/motor unit: with reversal of thedirection of flow with one singledirection of flow with two directionsof flowVariable displacementpump/motor unit: with reversal of thedirection of flow with one singledirection of flow with two directionsof flowVARIABLE SPEED DRIVEUNITSCYLINDERSS ingle acting cylinder: returned by anunspecified force returned by springUSE OF THE EQUIPMENTOR EXPLANATION OF THE SYMBOL Unit with two functions,either as pump or as rotarymotorFunctioning as pump ormotor according to directionof flowFunctioning as pump ormotor without change ofdirection of flowFunctioning as pump ormotor with either direction offlowThe symbol is a combinationof and (slopingarrow)The symbol is a combinationof and (slopingarrow)The symbol is a combinationof and (slopingarrow)Torque converter.

5 Pumpand/or motor are variablecapacity. Remote drives, to converthydraulic or pneumaticenergy into linear energyCylinder in which the fluidpressure always acts in oneand the same direction (onthe extension stroke)General symbol when themethod of return is notspecifiedCombination of the generalsymbols and (spring)DetailedSimplifiedISO Fluid power GRAPHIC acting cylinder: with single pistonrod with double-endedpiston rodDifferential cylinderCylinder with cushion: with single fixedcushion with double fixedcushion with singleadjustable cushion with doubleadjustable cushionTelescopic cylinder.

6 Single acting double actingUSE OF THE EQUIPMENTOR EXPLANATION OF THE SYMBOL Cylinder in which pressurefluid operates alternately inboth directions (extend andretract strokes)The action is dependent onthe difference between theeffective areas on each sideof the pistonCylinder incorporating fixedcushion acting in onedirection onlyCylinder with fixed cushionacting in both directionsThe symbol is acombination of (sloping arrow)The symbol is combinationof and (sloping arrow)The Fluid pressure alwaysacts in one and the samedirection (on the extendstroke)The Fluid pressure operatesalternately in bothdirections (extend andretract strokes)ISO Fluid power GRAPHIC.

7 For one type of Fluid for two types offluidAIR-OIL ACTUATORMETHOD OFREPRESENTATION OFVALVES (EXCEPT )One single squareTwo or more squaresUSE OF THE EQUIPMENTOR EXPLANATION OF THE SYMBOL xyxyxyxyCONTROL VALVESD etailedSimplified Equipment transforming apressure x into a higherpressure a pneumatic pressure x istransformed into a higherpneumatic pressure a pneumatic pressure x istransformed into a higherhydraulic pressure yEquipment transforming apneumatic pressure into asubstantially equal hydraulicpressure or vice versaMade up of one or moresquares and arrowsIn circuit diagrams hydraulicand pneumatic units arenormally shown in

8 Theunoperated conditionIndicates unit for controllingflow or pressure, having inoperation and infinite numberof possible positions betweenits end positions so as to varythe conditions of flow acrossone or more of its ports, thusensuring the chosen pressureand/or flow with regard to theoperating conditions of thecircuitIndicate a directional controlvalve having as many distinctpositions as there aresquares. The pipeconnections are normallyrepresented as representingthe unoperated condition ( ). The operating positionsare deduced by imagining theboxes to be displaced so thatthe pipe connectionscorrespond with the ports ofthe box in questionISO Fluid power GRAPHIC symbol forvalves in cases ofmultiple repetitionDIRECTIONALCONTROL VALVESFlow paths.

9 One flow path two closed ports two flow paths two flow pathsand one closed port two flow pathswith cross connection one flow path in abypass position, twoclosed portsNon-throttlingdirectional controlvalveUSE OF THE EQUIPMENTOR EXPLANATION OF THE SYMBOL3 The number refers to a noteon the diagram in which thesymbol for the valve is givenin fullUnits providing for theopening (fully or restricted)or the closing of one ormore paths (represented byseveral squares)Square containing interiorlinesThe unit provides distinctcircuit conditions eachdepicted by a squareBasic symbol for 2-positiondirectional control valveBasic symbol for 3-positiondirectional control valveA transitory but significantcondition between twodistinct positions isoptionally represented by asquare with dashed endsISO Fluid power GRAPHIC : The firstfigure in thedesignation shows thenumber of ports(excluding pilot ports)and the second figurethe number of distinctpositionsDirectional control valve 2/2.

10 With manual control controlled bypressure operatingagainst a spring ( ,on air unloading valve)Directional control valve3/2: controlled bypressure in bothdirections controlled bysolenoid with returnspringDirectional control valve 4/2: controlled bypressure in bothdirections by means ofpilot valve (with singlesolenoid and springreturn)Directional control valve 5/2: controlled bypressure in bothdirectionsUSE OF THE EQUIPMENTOR EXPLANATION OF THE SYMBOLD etailedSimplified PAPT APTBD irectional control valvewith 2 ports and 2 distinctpositionsDirectional control valvewith 3 ports and 2 distinctpositionsIndicating an intermediatecondition (see )Directional control valvewith 4 ports and 2 distinctpositionsDirectional control valvewith 5 ports and 2 distinctpositionsISO Fluid power GRAPHIC directionalcontrol with 2 ports (onethrottling orifice) with 3 ports (twothrottling orifices)