Fundamentals & Application of Medium Voltage …

1 Slide #1 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 1 Page 1 Lunch & Learn MeetingFundamentals & Application of Medium Voltage adjustable Speed Drives (ASD)Manish VermaSenior Member IEEETMEIC IEEE IAS Atlanta ChapterNovember 21st2016, Noon 1:15 PMSlide #2 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 2 Page 2 Safety Moment-PetextriansAfter decades of decline, pedestrian fatalities are once again on the rise. Petextrians people who text while walking may be partly to blame, according to the report.

2 (ABC News Report) Slide #3 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 3 Page 3 Quality MomentQuality means doing it right when no one is FordSlide #4 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 4 ParameterDescriptionService typesRotating machinery such as pumps, compressors, extruders, fans, blowers, Level (HP)500HP 130,000 HPVoltage range(kV) Medium Voltage , > kVApplicable dimension Slide #5 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage SPEED PER UNITMOTOR CURRENT -PUMOTOR CURRENTMOTOR TORQUETORQUE Motor Starting CharacteristicsSlide #6 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 6 Why is starting large motors stressful?

3 Highest current is seen when shaft is still Starting currents create stresses and torques that can damage motor and attached load The motor and the load must breakaway and accelerate Remember current equals heat! Balance allowed inrush amps with Voltage drop Balance power system effects with torque demand of loadPower System ChallengeSlide #7 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 7 Motor Speed Control StrategiesLarge MotorLarge MotorASDA vailable Motor Speed Control MethodsDirect-On-Line(DOL) adjustable Speed Drives (ASD)Other Mech.

4 MethodsConstant Utility Frequency(50 or 60Hz)Adjust FrequencyLarge MotorPony MotorGood Reference: Larabee, J.; Pellegrino, B.; Flick, B., "Induction motor starting methods and issues," Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference, 2005. Industry applications Society 52nd Annual, vol., no., ,222, 12-14 Sept. 2005 Nevelsteen, J.; Aragon, H., "Starting of large motors-methods and economics," Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference, 1988, Record of Conference Papers., Industrial applications Society 35th Annual, vol.

5 , no., ,96, 12-14 Sep 1988 Slide #8 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 8 TransformationUtilitySupplyConversionLoa dUtilizationAC MOTORCONVERTERRECTIFICATIONAC TO DCORORENERGYSTORAGEORINVERTERSWITCHINGDC TO ACORWhat is an ASD?Utility MainsMotorDriven EquipmentVFDI nput BreakerStep-Down Drive Isolation TransformerCooling SystemIndustrial Control BuildingFixed VoltageFixed FrequencyVar. VoltageVar. FrequencySlide #9 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 9 TransformationUtilitySupplyConversionLoa dUtilizationAC MOTORCONVERTERRECTIFICATIONAC TO DCORORENERGYSTORAGEORINVERTERSWITCHINGDC TO ACORWhat is an ASD?

6 Other common terminologyPulses (DFE)Harmonic performance equivalent (AFE)Output Voltage Levels / Steps(higher the better, min 5-level from 0-Peak)Slide #10 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 10 What is an ASD?Slide #11 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 11 What is an ASD?Slide #12 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 12 What is an ASD?Slide #13 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 13 What does an ASD mean for the motor?

7 0 Motor In rush Current (650% FLA)Full LoadTorque, AmpsFrequency, RPMM otor Full Load CurrentAC Utility Line AmpsStarting TorqueDirect-on-line / Fixed FrequencyVariable Frequency Slide #14 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 14 What does an ASD mean for the motor?Motor StartingReduced inrush currentHigh Torque LoadsClose to unity power factorProcess ControlEnergy SavingsSpeed ControlTorque ControlMotor size optimization (eg: large inertia loads)Motor RunningPower factor improvementUnstable Voltage supplyQuick stopping (Regeneration)Reduced Mech.

8 Wear / TearSlide #15 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 15 Medium Voltage drives range from 2300V 13800V. Voltage defined at output. Input Voltage to the VFD between 138kV ASD = VFD = EVFD = VVVF (can be used interchangeably)What do we mean by Medium Voltage ASD Small Air-Cooled ASDL arge Water-Cooled ASDS lide #16 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 162,0004,0006,0008,00010,00012,000010010 ,00050,000100,000 ASD Output Voltage (V)Water CooledAir CooledMotor Horsepower (HP)

9 Typical Range of ASDs14,000 Slide #17 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 17 Single VFD / single motorMotorCompressorBypassVFDU tilityMotorCompressorBypassVFDU tilityMotorBypassVFDC ompressorXFMRU tilityUtility = VFDVFD = MotorUtility = VFD VFD MotorUtility > VFD VFD = MotorVoltage Level ScenarioSimple Electrical One-line$$$Slide #18 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 18 Multi drive Multi MotorUtility Voltage bus Bus6000 HPVFD BusDB-5iPLC Coordination & InterfaceIncoming

10 SwitchMPRA uxctMPRA uxctMPRA uxctMPRA uxctSynchronized BypassSynchronized BypassSynchronized BypassSynchronized BypassDB-5iIncoming Switch7500HP7500HP7500HP7500HP7500 HPSlide #19 IEEE IAS Atlanta Chapter Lunch & LearnFor Reference ONLYPage 19 Historical Overview195519651975198519952005 Gate TurnoffThyristorGTOB ipolar Power Transistor(BPT)Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR)ThyristorFamilyDiode(D)Low Voltage InsulatedGate Bipolar Transistor (LV IGBT)Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor(IGCT)Symmetric Gate Commutated.