ionic covalent lab - Webaloo

1 Name_____ Date _____ ionic vs. covalent Compounds Holt Science & Technology Physical Science, Chapter 13: Section 2 Objective: (Copy all of this into your lab report.) Compare and contrast the characteristics of materials composed of covalent and ionic bonds. Use the characteristics of covalent and ionic compounds to determine whether a material is composed of covalent or ionic bonds. Materials: (Copy all of this into your lab report.) Magnesium sulfate Sugar Distilled water Graduated cylinder (50 100 ml) Beakers (3, 100 500 ml) Spoon Paperclips (2) Thermometer Medicine cups (3) LED circuit with battery/batteries Hot Plate Procedure: (You do NOT need to copy this into your lab report.) 1.

2 Clean and dry your beakers using soap and water. 2. Measure 50 ml of distilled water into each of your three beakers. 3. Label one beaker Epsom salt solution , one beaker sugar solution , and one beaker distilled water . 4. Make saturated aqueous solutions of Epsom salt and sugar in the appropriately labeled beakers. 5. Record the temperature at which each solution boils in your data table. 6. While you are waiting for your solution to boil, fill in the Common Name , Chemical Formula , Metallic , and Non-Metallic columns in your data table. 7. Label one medicine cup Epsom salt solution , one medicine cup sugar solution , and one medicine cup distilled water . 8. Refer to Miss Hoffman s set up and explanation for testing of electrical conductivity.

3 9. Test and record the electrical conductivity of each solution in your data table. ionic vs. covalent Compounds (continued) Data: (Copy the heading into your lab report.) Draw a data table like the one below in your lab report and use it to record your data. Your data table will need to be bigger. Properties of Aqueous Solutions Common Name Chemical Formula Metallic Elements in Compound (full names) Non-metallic Elements in Compound (full names) Boiling Temperature of Aqueous Solution (oC) Electrical Conductivity (Conductive or Not Conductive) Analysis: (Copy the heading into your lab report.) Answer the questions in your lab report, in complete sentences. 1. Which compounds are composed only of non-metallic elements?

4 2. Which compounds are composed of both metallic and nonmetallic elements? 3. Which compound had the highest boiling point? Was this compound also able to conduct electricity? Conclusion: (Copy the heading into your lab report.) Answer the questions in your lab report, in complete sentences. 1. Based on the chemical composition alone, which compound/s is/are held together by ionic bonds? Explain why. 2. Based on the chemical composition alone, which compound/s is/are held together by covalent bonds? Explain why. 3. Based on the experimental boiling point and electrical conductivity of the compounds, which compound/s can you identify as ionic ? Explain why. 4. Why might it be important to use distilled water instead of tap water for this investigation?

5 5. This lab didn t include a test for metallic bonds. How would you test materials to determine whether they were comprised of metallic bonds? Be detailed enough in your description so that I could perform your experiment just by reading your response. Test Prep: (Copy the heading into your lab report.) 1. Copy 2 3 sentences or bullet points from your notes that were particularly helpful in identifying the presence of covalent bonds in a material. 2. Copy 2 3 sentences or bullet points from your notes that were particularly helpful in identifying the presence of ionic bonds in a material. 3. Summarize the notes you quoted in #1 and #2 in your own words.