MCQs in Microbiology

1 This pageintentionally leftblankCopyright 2008, New Age International (P) Ltd., PublishersPublished by New Age International (P) Ltd., PublishersAll rights part of this ebook may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, xerography,or any other means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic ormechanical, without the written permission of the publisher. All inquiries should beemailed to (13) : 978-81-224-2931-2 PUBLISHING FOR ONE WORLDNEW AGE INTERNATIONAL (P) LIMITED, PUBLISHERS4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi - 110002 Visit us at book is dedicated toPROF. SHIVANANDAP rincipalPrincipalPrincipalPrincipalPrinc ipalAl-Ameen College of PharAl-Ameen College of PharAl-Ameen College of PharAl-Ameen College of PharAl-Ameen College of PharmacymacymacymacymacyBANGALOREBANGALO REBANGALOREBANGALOREBANGALOREFor his HerFor his HerFor his HerFor his HerFor his Herculean efculean efculean efculean efculean efforforforforforts in bringingts in bringingts in bringingts in bringingts in bringingAPTI to a high pedestalAPTI to a high pedestalAPTI to a high pedestalAPTI to a high pedestalAPTI to a high pedestalThis pageintentionally leftblankFOREWORDM ultiple choice questions (MCQs) test a candidates ability to apply his or her knowledge acquired during theregular course of study.

2 Framing a question paper based on MCQs is time consuming but evaluating the answers of the examiner associated with evaluation of essay type of answers is inherent in the evaluationprocess & depends upon several variables such as hand writing, methods of presentation etc. These variables do notexist during evaluation of answers based on am of the opinion that for the examination system at the undergraduate level, the entire testing of theoreticalknowledge should be MCQ based since the evaluation can be computerized & human bias can be largely this book, the multiple choice questions have been prepared with great care such that the questions framed areprecise & clear enabling the reader to make correct choices. A wide coverage of topics is strongly recommend this book for all related to Microbiology & College DR. KANTI GORVice K.

3 V. Kachchh UniversityBhuj, GujaratThis pageintentionally leftblankPREFACEThe book is primarily meant for students appearing for PG competitive examinations. In USMLE, GATE, AFMC,AIIMS & other Medical, Paramedical entrance examinations for admissions to PG Programme, Microbiology is one ofthe important component of the main objective of this book is to help students to review their knowledge of Microbiology acquired throughstandard textbooks. A sound knowledge of Microbiology is essential for students of Medicine, Pharmacy, Dentistry &Nursing for understanding the subject with logical reasoning. This book is specially designed to complement anystandard Microbiology textbook and to provide the students with a feedback on their progress & an opportunity toimprove. Thus the book can serve as a self assessment the explosion of knowledge in medical sciences, examinations in all faculties (Medicine, Pharmacy, Dentistry& Nursing) is completely becoming MCQ oriented because this system of assessment is more accurate, reliable &quicker.

4 A welcome trend in this direction is already discernibleBoth the teachers & students of Microbiology will find this book useful. A quick persuation of the questions willprovide evidence that the book intends to stimulate reasoningSuggestions & criticism about the book are Vidya SagarThis pageintentionally leftblankACKNOWLEDGEMENTSIt gives me pleasure to acknowledge with deep appreciation for all those who have extended their co-operationduring the preparation of the book. Prof. Dr. B. SureshPresident, Pharmacy Council of India Sri. Harish PadhDirector, Sri Patel PERD centreAhmedabad, Gujarat Prof. Dr. Ajay K. College of PharmacyVallabh VidyanagarGujarat Dr. E. Bhanoji RaoPrincipal, Rolland Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesBehrampur, Orissa Dr. K. Senthil KumarPrincipal, Padmavathy College of PharmacyDharmapuri, TamilnaduFinally, I express my gratitude to Mr.

5 Soumya Gupta, MD, Manager, New Age International (P) Limited, New Delhi,for his encouragement and AuthorThis pageintentionally leftblankCONTENTSC hapter 1 HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY1 Chapter 2 BACTERIA & GRAM STAINING9 Chapter 3 STERILISATION, CULTURE MEDIA & PURE CULTURE TECHNIQUES25 Chapter 4 GENERAL PROPERTIES OF MICROORGANISMS33 Chapter 5 BACTERIAL NUTRITION37 Chapter 6 BACTERIAL GROWTH39 Chapter 7 STRUCTURE OF DNA & RNA45 Chapter 8 IMMUNOLOGY51 Chapter 9 MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY61 Chapter 10 INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY77 Preface(ix)This pageintentionally leftblank CHAPTER 1 HISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY1. According to Pasteur statements whichone of the following is truea. Living organisms discriminate betweenstereoisomersb. Fermentation is a aerobic processc. Living organisms doesn t discriminatebetween stereoisomersd.

6 Both a and b2. I found floating therin earthly particles,some green streaks, spirally woundserpent-wise, and orderly arranged, thewhole circumstance of each of thesestreaks was abut the thickness of a hairon one s head .. These words are ofa. Jennerc. Pasteurd. Koch3. The principle light- trapping pigment mol-ecule in plants, Algae, and cyanobacteriaisa. Chlorophyll ab. Chlorophyll bc. Porphyrind. Rhodapsin4. During Bio Geo chemical cycle someamount of elemental carbon was utilizedby the microorganisms. The phenome-non is called asa. Dissimilationb. Immobilizationc. Decompositiond. Neutralization5. Who demonstrated that open tubes ofbroth remained free of bacteria when airwas free of Abbc Spallanzani Tyndallc. Francisco Redid. Pasteur6. Reverse isolation would be appropriatefora.

7 A patient with tuberculosisb. a patient who has had minor surgeryc. a patient with glaucomad. a patient with leukemia7. The symptome general feeling of illnessand discomfort is calleda. Cystitisb. Malaisec. Anaphylactic shockd. Arthritis8. On soybean which of the following formssymbiotisma. Azatobactor paspalib. Rhizobiumc. Nostocd. Bradyrhizobium9. Who provide the evidence that bacterioph-age nucleic acid but not protein enters thehost cell during infectiona. Alfred & Leonard Tatum in Alfred & Zindar Lederberg in Alfred & Martha Chase in Alfred & Macleod in IN MICROBIOLOGY210. Spirulina belongs toa. Xanthophyceaeb. Cyanophyceaec. Rhodophyceaed. Pheophyceae11. The first antibody to contact invadingmicroorganisms wasa. IgGb. IgMc. IgAd. IgD12. The light emitted by luminescent bacteriais mediated by the enzymea.

8 Coenzyme Qb. Luciferasec. Lactose dehydrogenased. Carboxylase reductase13. Pick out the vector using in humanGenome projecta. Phagemid vectorb. Yeast artificial chromosomesc. Cosmid vectorsd. Yeast episomal plasmids14. Salt and sugar preserve foods becausetheya. Make them acidb. Produce a hypotonic environmentc. Deplete nutrientsd. Produce a hypertonic environment15. In a fluorescent microscope the objectivelens is made ofa. Glassb. Quartzc. Polythened. None of these16. Fixation of atmospheric nitrogen is bymeans ofa. Biological process b. Lightiningc. Ultraviolet lightd. All of the above17. Which one of the following fungi is themost serious threat in a bone marrowtransplant unit?a. Candida albicans b. Aspergillusc. Blastomycesd. Cryptococus18. Direct microscopic count can be done withthe aid ofa.

9 Neuberg chamber b. Anaerobic chamberc. Mineral oild. Olive oil19. The image obtained in a compoundmicroscope isa. Realb. Virtualc. Real invertedd. Virtual inverted20. Enzymes responsible for alcoholicfermentationa. Ketolaseb. Zymasec. Peroxidased. Oxidase21. Which type of spores are produced sexually?a. Conidiab. Sporangiosporesc. Ascosporesd. None of these22. Bacterial transformation was discoveredbya. Ederberg and Tatumb. Beadle and Tatumc. Griffithd. None of these23. Father of Microbiology isa. Louis Pasteurb. Listerc. Leeuwenhock d. Robert Koch24. The antiseptic method was first demon-strated bya. Lwanowskib. Lord Listerc. Edward Jennerd. Beijerinck25. Small pox vaccine was first discovered bya. Robert Kochb. Louis Pasteurc. Listerd. Edward Jenner26. The term mutation was coined bya.

10 Pasteurb. Darwinc. Hugo devriesd. Lamark27. Compound microscope was discovered bya. Antony vonb. Pasteurc. Johnsen & Hansd. None of these28. Father of Medical Microbiology isa. Pasteurb. Jennerc. Kochd. Disease that affects many people atdifferent countries is termed asa. Sporadicb. Pandemicc. Epidemicd. EndemicHISTORY OF MICROBIOLOGY330. Prophylaxis of cholera isa. Protected water supplyb. Environmental sanitationc. Immunization with killed vaccinesd. All of these31. In electron microscope, what material isused as an objective lense?a. Magnetic coilsb. Superfine glassc. Aluminium foilsd. Electrons32. The main feature of prokaryotic organismisa. Absence of locomotionb. Absence of nuclear envelopec. Absence of nuclear materiald. Absence of protein synthesis33. The stalked particles on the cristae ofmitochondria are calleda.