SDMS US EPA REGION V -1

1 SDMS US EPA REGION V -1 SOME IMAGES WITHIN THISDOCUMENT MAY BE ILLEGIBLEDUE TO BAD FOR THERECORD OP DECISIONSITE NAME AND LOCATIONP owell Road LandfillHuber Heights, OhioSTATEMENT OF BASIS AND PURPOSEThis decision document presents the selected remedial action forthe Powell Road Landfill in Huber Heights, Ohio, which was chosenin accordance with the Comprehensive, Environmental, Response,Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), as amended by SuperfundAmendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA), and, to the extentpracticable, the National Oil and Hazardous Substances PollutionContingency Plan (NCP). This decision is based on theadministrative record for this State of Ohio concurs with the selected remedial OF THE SITEA ctual or threatened releases of hazardous substances from thisSite, if not addressed by implementing the remedial actionselected in this Record of Decision (ROD), may present animminent and substantial endangerment to public health, welfare,or the OF THE SELECTED REMEDIAL ACTIONThe remedial action will be a final site-wide remedy.

2 Theselected remedial action addresses the sources of thecontamination by containment of the landfill and contaminatedsoils and treatment of leachate and ground water. The majorcomponents of the selected remedial action for the Powell RoadLandfill are:institutional controlsimproved landfill cap with linerexcavation of contaminated soilsconsolidation of soils under landfill capground water monitoringflood protectionstorm water controlsactive landfill gas collection with flareleachate extractionon-site leachate treatmentextraction of ground water from the shallow aquiferadjacent to the landfillon-site ground water treatmentdischarge of treated ground water and leachate to riverThe selected remedial action will address the principal threatsposed by the DETERMINATIONSThe selected remedial action is protective of human health andthe environment.

3 Complies with Federal and State requirementsthat are legally applicable or relevant and appropriate to theremedial action, and is cost-effective. The remedial actionutilizes permanent solutions and alternative treatmenttechnologies to the maximum extent practicable, and satisfies thestatutory preference for remedies that employ treatment thatreduces toxicity, mobility, or volume as a principal this remedial action will result in hazardous substancesremaining on-site, a review will be conducted within five yearsafter commencement of remedial action to insure that the remedialaction continues to provide adequate protection of human healthand the OF CONTENTSRECORD OF DECISIONPOWBLL ROAD LANDFILLI. SITE NAME, LOCATION AND 1II.

4 SITE HISTORY AND ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS .. 2A. SITE HISTORY .. 2B. ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES .. 3 III. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION .. 3IV. SCOPE AND ROLE OF RESPONSE ACTION .. 4V. SUMMARY OF SITE CHARACTERISTICS .. 6A. ON-SITE .. 6B. OFF-SITE ..8VI. SUMMARY OF SITE RISKS .. 8A. HUMAN HEALTH RISKS .. 91. EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT .. 92. TOXICITY ASSESSMENT .. 113. RISK CHARACTERIZATION .. 11B. ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT .. 13C. RISK-BASED CLEANUP LEVELS .. 14 VII. DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVES .. 14 ALTERNATIVE 1 - NO ACTION .. 15 ALTERNATIVE 2 .. 15 COMMON COMPONENTS .. 16 ALTERNATIVE 3 .. 18 ALTERNATIVE 4 ..'.. 19 ALTERNATIVE 5 .. 20 ALTERNATIVE 6 .. 21 ALTERNATIVE 7 .. 22 VIII. SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES.

5 23 THRESHOLD CRITERIA .. 231. OVERALL PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTHAND THE ENVIRONMENT .. 232. COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE OR RELEVANTAND APPROPRIATE REQUIREMENTS (ARARS) .. 27 PRIMARY BALANCING CRITERIA .. 293. LONG-TERM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERMANENCE .. 294. REDUCTION OF TOXICITY, MOBILITY, ORVOLUME THROUGH TREATMENT .. 295. SHORT-TERM EFFECTIVENESS .. 306. IMPLEMENTABILITY .. 317. COST .. 31 MODIFYING CRITERIA .. 338. STATE ACCEPTANCE .. 339. COMMUNITY ACCEPTANCE .. 33IX. SELECTED REMEDIAL ACTION - ALTERNATIVE 4 .. 33X. STATUTORY DETERMINATIONS .. 35A. PROTECTION OF HUMAN HEALTH ANDTHE ENVIRONMENT .. 35B. COMPLIANCE WITH ARARS .. 36C. COST-EFFECTIVENESS .. 40D. UTILIZATION OF PERMANENT SOLUTIONSAND ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIESTO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PRACTICABLE.

6 41E. PREFERENCE FOR TREATMENT .. 42XI. DOCUMENTATION OF SIGNIFICANT CHANGES .. 42 FIGURES, TABLES AND ATTACHMENTSRECORD OF DECISIONPOWELL ROAD LANDFILLFIGURE 1 FIGURE 2 FIGURE 3 FIGURE 4 FIGURE 5 FIGURE 6 FIGURE 7 FIGURE 8 FIGURE 9 FIGURE 10 TABLE 1 TABLE 2 TABLE 3 TABLE 4 TABLE 5 TABLE 6 TABLE 7 TABLE 8 TABLE 9 TABLE 10 TABLE 11 TABLE 12 TABLE 13 TABLE 14 TABLE 15 TABLE 16 TABLE 17 TABLE 18 TABLE 19 TABLE 20 TABLE 21 TABLE 22 TABLE 23 TABLE 24 TABLE 25 SITE VICINITY MAPHYDROGEOLOGIC CROSS-SECTION TRACESHYDROGEOLOGIC CROSS-SECTIONSGAS VENT VAPOR TOTAL VOC CONCENTRATIONSLANDFILL LIQUIDS/GROUND WATER TOTAL VOCCONCENTRATIONSAMBIENT AIR QUALITY SAMPLE LOCATIONSSEDIMENT AND SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONSSURFICIAL AND SUBSURFICIAL SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONSSITE PLAN (SOIL CONTAMINANTS)

7 EXTENT OF TOTAL VOC CONTAMINATION - PRINCIPALAQUIFERGAS VENT METHANE MEASUREMENTSGAS VENT VAPOR - FIELD ORGANIC ANALYSISGAS VENT LIQUID - VOLATILE ORGANIC ANALYSISGAS VENT LIQUID - SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC ANALYSISGAS VENT LIQUID - INORGANIC ANALYSISSURFACE LEACHATE ANALYSISAMBIENT AIR TENAX TUBE ANALYSISSEDIMENT ANALYSISSURFACE WATER ANALYSISSURFICIAL SOILS ANALYSISSUBSURFACE SOIL ANALYSISGROUND WATER ANALYSIS - VOCS AND ARSENICSUMMARY OP CHEMICALS DETECTED IN ELDORADO PLATAREA GROUND WATER MONITORING WELLSSUMMARY OF CHEMICALS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN(ORGANICS)SUMMARY OF CHEMICALS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN(INORGANICS)ORAL TOXICITY CRITERIA FOR CHEMICALS OF POTENTIALCONCERNINHALATION TOXICITY CRITERIA FOR CHEMICALS OFPOTENTIAL CONCERNCOMPARISON OF CHEMICAL CONCENTRATIONS FORCHEMICALS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN DETECTED AT PRL TOFEDERAL MCLaSUMMARY OF POTENTIAL HEALTH RISKS ASSOCIATED WITHCURRENT LAND USE CONDITIONSSUMMARY OF POTENTIAL HEALTH RISKS ASSOCIATED WITHFUTURE LAND USE CONDITIONSSUMMARY OF RISK-BASED CLEANUP LEVELSCHEMICAL-SPECIFIC APPLICABLE OR RELEVANT ANDAPPROPRIATE REQUIREMENTSSTATE OF OHIO: SURFACE WATER STANDARDSSTATE OF OHIO LOCATION-SPECIFIC ARARSSTATE OF OHIO.

8 ACTION-SPECIFIC ARARSATTACHMENT 1 RESPONSIVENESS SUMMARYATTACHMENT 2 ADMINISTRATIVE RECORD INDEXDECISION SUMMARYPOWELL ROAD LANDFILLHUBER HEIGHTS, OHIOI. SITE NAME, LOCATION AND DESCRIPTIONThe Powell Road Landfill Superfund Site (the Site) is located inHuber Heights, Ohio, a suburb in the northern Dayton metropolitanarea of Montgomery County, Ohio. The Site occupies approximately70 acres on the floodplain of the Great Miami River (see Figure1}. The landfill portion of the Site is located at 4060 PowellRoad in Huber Heights, Ohio, and is bordered by Powell Road andresidential housing on the north, an intermittent stream to theeast, wooded areas to the south and west, and the Great MiamiRiver to the south.)

9 The landfill covers roughly acres andrises 30 to 40 feet above the surrounding terrain. The nearestresidents live in homes owned by the current owner of thelandfill. The homes are located approximately 200 feet north ofthe landfill along Powell Road. A residential area, known asEldorado Plat, is located south of the landfill in an areaimmediately south of the Great Miami Great Miami River flows east to west along the southernboundary of the Site, approximately 150 feet south of thelandfill. Two intermittent streams (Stream A and Stream B) tothe east of the Site drain south to the river. The Great MiamiRiver is classified as a warm water habitat (OAC 3745-1-21} andis used for agricultural, industrial and primary contact ( ) materials in the area of the Site are outwash deposits(sand, sand and gravel, and silty sand and gravel), till(unsorted sand, clay, silt and gravel), lacustrine deposits (thinlayers of clay, silt and very fine sand) and bedrock (see Figure3).)

10 The outwash deposits constitute the regional aquifer knownas the Great Miami River buried valley aquifer (GMR BVA) whichhas been designated a aole-source aquifer under EPA's SafeDrinking Water Act (SDWA).The GMR BVA is locally divided into shallow and primary of the two aquifers by confining till deposits occursunder the southern portion of the landfill and under the river.(Hereinafter, these two locally separated aquifers are identifiedas the shallow aquifer adjacent to the landfill and the primaryaquifer adjacent to the landfill.) The confining till depositsare also present south of the river (Eldorado Plat area),however, they are not continuous, therefore only oneinterconnected aquifer exists in this area.