STATUS OF SEED INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN - World …

1 BYDR. AKHLAQ OF seed INDUSTRY IN PAKISTANU pdated on 06-03-2011 March 08-2011 ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION AGRICULTURE AND WATER IN PAKISTAN2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF seed INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN 1947-1961 No independent seed production and distribution system 1961 F&A Commission -West PAKISTAN Agricultural Development Corporation (WPADC) was created for procurement and distribution of seeds 1972 -WPADC dissolved Provincial Govt. - seed production, multiplication, procurement and distribution seed Act, 1976 Government of PAKISTAN initiated seed INDUSTRY Development Project on the recommendation of World Bank Appraisal Mission s Report (23 Million $) which provided legislative support through seed Act, 1976 This enactment provided regulatory mechanism for controlling and regulating the quality seed through setting up of necessary institutional infrastructure.

2 -National seed Council (NSC)/ Provincial seed Councils -*Federal seed Certification Agency (FSCA) & *National seed Registration Agency (NSRA) -*FSCA & NSRA were merged together as Federal seed Certification & Registration Department (FSC&RD) in 1997 for austerity measures3 Ministry of Food, Agriculture & Livestock (MINFAL) IslamabadPrSCPrSCPrSCPrSCFSC&RDPunjabSin dhNWFPB alochistan IslamabadPSCSSCDOADOAPrSC= Provincial seed CouncilPSC= Punjab seed CorporationSSC= Sindh seed CorporationDOA = Department of AgricultureFSC&RD= Federal seed Certification & Registration Department, IslamabadNational seed Council (NSC)4 FUNCTIONS OF FSC&RD(Section 6 of seed Act, 1976) the quality of growers in such manner and subject to such condition as may be of inspection of the crops of registered varieties and released varietiesintended for sale as basic seed or certified and testing of seed lots intended for sale in order to as certain their purity, viability, germination capacity and health STATUS in the prescribed certificates in respect of seed which meet the prescribed standards of particular category of out post-control trials on pre-basic, basic and certified and analyzing seed lots delivered to the processing plants toestablish a basis for the purchase of such training courses for seed Certification Officer technical and specialist advices and assistance to the National seed Council in the performance of its functions(Continued)

3 5 FUNCTIONS OF FSC&RD(Section 8 of seed Act, 1976)11. Conduct pre-registration checking of varieties submitted for the purpose of: determining suitability for registration as a variety providing definitive botanical description of crop varieties and providing information on genetic suitability and adaptability of varieties register seed varieties after conducting pre-registration checking under clause (i) publish a list of registered seed varieties and perform such other functions as the National seed Council may entrust to it6 FUNCTIONS OF NATIONAL seed COUNCIL (NSC)1. Advice on policy for development, operation and regulation of provincial seed industry2. Direct initiation of provincial seed projects3. Protect/ensure investment in seed INDUSTRY , approve/ sanction seed standards, regulate inter-provincial seed movement, advice on seed importsFUNCTIONS OF PROVINCIAL seed COUNCIL (PSC)1.

4 Advice on policy for development, operation and regulation of provincial seed industry2. Recommend changes in seed law, advice on seed standards and quality control, advice on maintenance, multiplication, supply of pure and healthy seeds of new varieties, advice on development of seed production farms, recommend and preparation of selected new varieties, recommend or withdrawal of certain deteriorated varieties7 REGISTRATION OF seed COMPANIES(Economic Coordination Committee 31-12-1979)An Inter-ministerial Working Group has been constituted that is responsible for evaluating the proposals and registration/ deregistration of new seed companies in all the provinces of the Working Group Comprises of the Following:. Agriculture Development Commissioner (ADC), MinFA (CM). Secretary, Agriculture of each Secretary Agriculture, AJK.

5 Chief Food & Agriculture-Planning Division. Managing Directors, Punjab & Sindh seed Director General, Federal seed Certification & Registration LABORATORIESSETUP OF FSC & RD, DIRECTORPUNJABD eputy DirectorSeed Cert. Officer/ seed AnalystREGIONAL DIRECTORBALOCHISTAN & SINDHD eputy Khas. DIRECTORKPKD eputy DirectorSeed Cert. Officer/ seed AnalystSeed Cert. Officer/ seed (Swat)DIRECTOR GENERALISLAMABADSeed Cert. Officer/ seed No. of Labs. 2827 (Field)01 (Hqr.)9 seed SECTORS AND seed & PLANTING MATERIAL(Conventional, Hybrid, Transgenic seeds)SeedSectorsCategories Crops/SeedsFormal SectorPublic SectorWheat, Cotton, Maize, Rice, Gram, Vegetables, Fruit and Nursery PlantsPrivate , Cotton, Maize, Rice, Gram, Vegetables, Fruits and Nursery Maize, Sunflower, Fodder and , Sunflower, Fodder and Forages, Potato and VegetablesInformalSectorFarmers OwnSource Wheat, Cotton, Rice GENERATION SYSTEM CATEGORIES/ CLASSES/ PRODUCTION/ IDENTIFICATION OF SEEDSC ategory/ClassAgency InvolvedIdentificationBreeder Nucleus seed (BNS)The purest seed of a particular variety prepared by the breeder of a particular research station/instituteNot certified by FSC&RD so labels are not issued.

6 Identified by seed Testing Report/CertificatePre-basic SeedProgeny of Breeder/Nucleus seed (BNS), highest genetic purity seed produced by the respective research institutes/breedersWhite color labels with diagonal violet lineissued by FSC&RDBasic SeedProgeny of pre-basic seed and produced by an organization set up by the provincial governmentWhite color labelsissued by FSC&RD Certified SeedProgeny of basic seed and is produced with the registered growers of the seed producing agencies Blue color labelsissued by FSC&RDApproved SeedSeed true to species as approved by the FSC&RDYellow color labelsissued by FSC&RDTruthfully Labeled SeedAs imported by the importers under seed (Truth in Labeling Rules, 1991) and assurance of the quality lies on the importers Pink color labelsof importing agency11 TRADITIONAL VARIETY APPROVAL SYSTEM Selection of best performing strains by the plant breeder in Micro-Varietal Trials (MVTs) Performance and Adaptability testing through Zonal Varietal trails (ZVTs) National Uniform Yield Trials (NUYTs) by concerned National Crop Coordinator of PCCC for cotton and NARC/PARC (other crops) Receive application, Spot examination, evaluation for performance, quality and resistance etc.

7 By Technical Experts Sub-Committees (TESCs) TESCs recommend to Provincial seed Councils (PrSC) for approval/rejection of the variety Respective PrSC then Approves the Variety NSC finally notifies the variety as Released/Approved Registration of the variety by FSC&RD on the basis of VCU recommendations by PCCC/PARC and DUS tests for at least two consecutive seasons/yearsNOTIFICATIONPARCPCCCFSC&RDV ECVECDUSPROVINCIAL seed COUNCILAPPROVAL & RELEASENATIONAL seed COUNCIL2 YRS2 YRSFSRCVARIETYREGISTRATIONSUBMITSMICRO VARIETAL TRIALSZONAL VARIETAL TRIALSSELECTS PROMISING STRAINSUB-STATIONSGOVT. FARMSENLIGHTENEDFARMERSBREEDER MAKES CROSSESSELECTS PROMISING STRAINBREEDING STATIONSPARCPCCCGERMPLASMGERMPLASMALL CROPS EXCEPT COTTONONLY COTTONMINFAL13 Varieties Released & Registered so far (22-02-2011)CropsNo. of Registered and Released VarietiesPunjabSindhKPKB alochistanIslamabadPVTP akistanWheat54203572--118 Barley3-23---8 Maize8-12-----222 Rice15136--------34 Cotton65211------996 Sugarcane12616-----135 Pulses3941715--66 Oilseeds17420--8554 Fodders21---71---231 Vegetables331128-----54 Fruits----31------31 Total2676915920151954914 seed LAWS/ RULES IN PAKISTANSrTitle of seed Act/RuleDate of Notification1 SeedAct,197619762 seed (Registration) Rules, 198719873 AmendmentsinSeed(Registration)Rules,1987 5- 6- 20034 Procedures,DirectionsandSeedStandards,19 8819885 PAKISTAN Fruit Plants Certification Rules, 199828-2- 19986 Amendment in PAKISTAN Fruit Plants Certification Rules, 19986- 5- 20037 seed (Truth-in-Labeling)Rules,199112-3- 19918 AmendmentSeed(Truth-in-Labeling)Rules,19 9119-1- 19989 AmendmentSeed(Truth-in-Labeling)

8 Rules,199112-10-199310 seed Amendment Bill 2009 Under process11 Plant Breeders Rights Bill - 2009 Under process15 seed (AMMENDMENT) BILL 2009To broaden scope of regulation business, enhance participation and investment of private sector in seed INDUSTRY and safeguard farmers interest1. Availability of Pre-basic seed to the private sector2. Establishing Accredited seed Testing Laboratories in private sector3. Registration of seed Companies/ Dealers and Processing Plants4. Enhancement of penalties/fines for effective seed act enforcement5. Restriction on unapproved/banned varieties and misbranding 6. Registration of the seed related Persons/ Organizations7. Every seed Dealer shall clearly display at his place of business the sale prices of different crop seeds held by him including the opening and closing stocks on a daily basis.

9 16 PLANT BREEDERS RIGHT BILL , OF REGISTERED seed COMPANIES IN PAKISTAN (1980-2011) Sector11114 Private National6009120027720 Private Multinationals41--5 Total Active60593210208729 Cancelled12914070150TO TA L734107280208879* Multinationals : Monsanto, Pioneer, ICI, Syngenta and BayerSource: FSC&RD, Islamabad18 TOTAL seed AVAILABILITY DURING 2007-08 Crop/SeedTotal seed Requirement(MT)Total seed Availability (MT)PublicPrivateLocalImportedTotal , , %Cotton40, % % % % seed AVAILABILITY DURING 2008-09 Crop/SeedTotal seed Requirement(MT)Total seed Availability (MT)PublicPrivateLocalImportedTotal Local+Imp)Wheat108552057, %215, , %Paddy36,9606, % %31, , % % , %Cotton40, , , %Pulses48, , % % , %Oil % % , %2, % % , % % % %2, % %Potato372, % % , %5, % ( )20 SECTOR-WISE seed AVAILABILITY 2006-07 Crop/SeedTotal seed Requirement(TSR)(MT)Total seed Availability (MT)Formal Sector% of TSRI nformal Sector% of TSRW heat10,27, , , , , , , ,11, ,16,4122,93, ,23, VEGETABLES seed REQUIREMENT AND AVAILABILITY, 2001-09Ye a rTotal seed Requirement (MT)

10 seed Availability (MT)Value of Imported SeedLocal Imported Total Million ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )5886( )6659( ) %267448 %432178 %7632009-105500198036 %355364 %5533100 %108522 CONSTRAINTS IN VEGETABLE seed CERTIFICATION SYSTEM There is lack of professional strength and incentives to the vegetables research institutes Lack of efficient breeding programs, commercially released varieties are either introduction or selection from imported exotic germplasm poor availability of high quality early generation seed in public sector for multiplication to basic and certified seed by private sector23 ACTION PLAN FOR VEGETABLE seed of elite germplasm from International research institutes (AVRDC etc) 2. International cooperation in research for hybrid vegetable seed research and production (3-4/anum) on vegetable seed production technology, seed processing, packaging, storage etc.