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1 This page intentionally left blankTelecommunicationTransmissionSystem siOther McGraw-Hill Telecommunications Books of InterestALI Digital Switching SystemsBENNER Fibre ChannelBEST Phase-Locked Loops, Third EditionFEIT TCP/IP, Second EditionGALLAGHER Mobile Telecommunications Networking with IS-41 GOLDBERG Digital Techniques in Frequency SynthesisGORALSKI Introduction to ATM NetworkingHARTE Cellular and PCS: The Big PictureHELDMAN Information TelecommunicationsHELDMAN Competitive TelecommunicationsKESSLER ISDN, Third EditionKURUPILLA Wireless PCSLEE Mobile Cellular Telecommunications, Second EditionLEE Mobile Communications Engineering, Second EditionLINDBERG Digital Broadband Networks and ServicesLOGSDON Mobile Communication SatellitesMACARIO Cellular Radio, Second EditionPATTAN Satellite-Based Global Cellular TelecommunicationsRODDY Satellite Communications, Second EditionROHDE ET AL.

2 Communications Receivers, Second EditionSIMON ET AL. Spread Spectrum Communications HandbookSMITH Cellular Design and OptimizationTSAKALAKIS PCS Network DeploymentTelecommunicationTransmissionS ystemsRobert G. WinchSecond EditionMcGraw-HillNew York San Francisco Washington, Auckland Bogot Caracas Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City MilanMontreal New Delhi San Juan SingaporeSydney Tokyo TorontoCopyright 1998, 1993 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in anyform or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

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6 This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause what-soever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or : 1. Transmission Digital Microwave Radio System The Satellite System Mobile Radio The Optical Fiber System Data Communications and the International Telecommunication Systems Driving Forces18 Chapter 2. Digital Pulse Code Encoding and Recent Coding PCM Primary Formats for 24-Channel PCM Formats for 30-Channel PCM Line Plesiochronous Higher-Order Digital Multiplexing (North America) PDH Multiplexing (North America) Second-Order (DS-2) PDH Multiplexing ( to Mb/s) Positive Pulse Stuffing (or Justification) The 6-Mb/s PDH Frame PDH DS-3 Multiplexing (6 to 45 Mb/s) PDH DS-4 Multiplexing (45 to 274 Mb/s) Plesiochronous Higher-Order Digital Multiplexing (Europe) PDH Multiplexing (Europe) The PDH 8-Mb/s Frame PDH Third-Order Multiplexing (8 to 34 Mb/s) PDH Fourth-Order Multiplexing (34 to 140 Mb/s)

7 PDH Fifth-Order Multiplexing (140 to 565 Mb/s) Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Network Node Synchronous Transport Signal Synchronous Transport Module Comparison of PDH and SDH/SONET SDH Multiplexing Structure Comparison of PDH and SDH/SONET Multiplexing Digital Television Digitization of TV Analog Color Video Compression A Typical Digital TV Transmission High-Definition Television86 Chapter 3. Signal Processing for Digital Modulation Bandwidth Pulse Transmission through Pulse Amplitude Frequency Shift Keyed Modulation, Minimum Shift Keying (MSK), and Gaussian Phase Shift Keyed Quadrature Amplitude Comparison of Modulation Error Control (Detection and Correction) Forward Error Cyclic Redundancy Automatic Request for Trellis-Coded Spread Spectrum Pseudorandom Noise Frequency-Hopping Spread Direct-Sequence Spread Access Techniques for Satellite and Mobile Frequency Division Multiple Time Division Multiple Code Division Multiple Transmission Delay135 Chapter 4.

8 The Microwave Antenna Antenna High-Performance Antenna Free Space Atmospheric Terrain Fresnel Flat Frequency Selective Factors Affecting Multipath Overall Performance Error Microwave Radio Performance Comments on the Old and New Error Space Frequency Link Hop Passive Noise191 Chapter 5. Digital Microwave Radio Systems and System Diversity Protection Hot-Standby Combining IF Adaptive Baseband Adaptive Transversal 155-Mb/s DMR with DMR Transmit DMR Receive DMR and the Telecommunications Management DMR with Higher Modulation Multicarrier Low-Capacity RF Channel Transmitter and Performance and RF Section Out-of-Service IF Section Out-of-Service Baseband Tests255 Chapter 6.

9 Satellite Satellite Communication Satellite Frequency Digital Satellite Communication Access Geostationary Satellite Satellite The intelsat Very Small Aperture Multiple Ultra-Small Aperture Hub in the Sky301 Contents Geostationary Satellite Path/Link Performance Carrier-to-Noise Ratio Energy-per-Bit to Noise-Power-Density Ratio (Eb/No) TDMA Channel Link GSO earth intelsat earth station standards A to intelsat Standard A earth Time Division Multiple VSAT Nongeostationary Satellite The Iridium LEO The Globalstar LEO The Teledesic LEO The MEO Odyssey Satellite The INMARSAT-P (I-CO) MEO Brief Comparison of LEO and MEO Nongeostationary Satellite Path/Link Satellite TV Satellite TV Future Onboard Ka-Band Intersatellite Wideband Transmission through ATM Bandwidth-on-Demand over Satellite Links348 Chapter 7.

10 Mobile Radio Frequency Cellular Structures and Quality of Propagation Field Strength Effects of Irregular Base station Mobile station Types of Mobile Radio Analog Cellular Digital Cellular European GSM Digital Cellular System (DCS-1800) North American Integrated Services-136 (IS-54) North American Integrated Services-95 System (CDMA) Cordless Telephone Systems Digital European Cordless Wireless Local Personal Communications Services (or Networks) Personal Access Communications Mobile Data Low Data Rates over Wireless Cellular Rural Area Point-to-Multipoint Future Mobile Radio of CDMA and Wireless416 Chapter 8.