【web掲載版】九大 小山様 151030 NEDO TSC …

1 -1/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) GWP 27 NEDO TSC Foresight 2 27 10 30 -2/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) GWP GWP GWP GWP GWP GWP -3/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) 1799 1824 Carnot 1844 Gorrie 1852 Thomson 1856 Rittinger 1859 1861 Carre 1877 Linde 1879 Coleman 1897 1914 1918 Kelvinator 1912 Krauss 1922 1920 Haldane 1926 1930 1930 R12 2000 1930 -4/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP )

2 R50CH4 R40R41CH3 ClCH3F R30R31R32CH2Cl2CH2 ClFCH2F2 R20R21R22R23 CHCl3 CHCl2 FCHClF2 CHF3 R10R11R12R13R14 CCl4 CCl3 FCCl2F2 CClF3CF4 HClF Chloro, Fluoro-CarbonsHCFC Hydro, Chloro, Fluoro-Carbon : Hydro, Fluoro-Carbon 1928 Midgley R12 1 Stage Key Points: -5/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) Rowland 1974 CFCs CFCs CFCsOClOClUVO+ClO Cl+O2O3+Cl O2+ClOO+O3 2 O2 ClCH4 HClHClOH 50 60 km10 15 km CFCs CFCs CFCsOClOClUVO+ClO Cl+O2O3+Cl O2+ClOO+O3 2 O2 ClCH4 HClHClOH 50 60 km10 15 km (Ozone Depletion Problem) CFC Cl CFC (HCFC) CFC HFC R 410A, R 407C, R 507A, R 404A HFC + HC 2ndStage Key Points.

3 + HFC R134a, R32, R125, R143a -6/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) ( ) ( )(a) (b) 69-802(1994) (Global Warming Problem) (GWP) (HFO) R 1234yf, R 1234ze(E), R1243zf HFC GWP HFO HFO+HFC GWP CFC HFO Latest Stage Key Points: + + GWP + 3rdStage Key Points.

4 + + GWP -7/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) HFC GWP R410A R134a GWP 27 4 GWP HFC GWP R410A R32 HFC/CO2 HFC/HFO CO2 HC NH3 CO2/NH3 1234yf R32 -8/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) HFC R1234yf, R1234ze(E), R1234ze(Z) HFO R1234yf R134a R1234yf R1234ze(E) HFC R410A R1234ze(E) R134a R245fa R1234ze(Z) R1234ze(E) R1233zd(E).

5 HFO GWP GWP -9/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) GWP NEDO R1234ze(Z) GWP GWP R1234ze(Z) GWP HFC GWP PAC GWP GWP R1234ze(E)/R32/R744(CO2) GWP -10/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) R1234ze(Z) GWP GWP P-v-T-x P-v-T-x -11/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) 3003504004500200040006000 1002 kg/m3 901 kg/m3 752 kg/m3 670 kg/m3 570 kg/m3 470 kg/m3 340 kg/m3 240 kg/m3 140 kg/m3 106 kg/m3 45 kg/m3 T/KP/kPaHFO-1234ze(Z)0500100015002000250 030003500300320340360380400420440 HFO-1234ze(Z)Run 1 Run 2 Run 3 Vapor pressure / kPaTemperature / K PvT R1234ze(Z) Helmholz ),(),(),(),(rRTa R1234ze(Z) 250300350400450 (K)100(ps,exp / ps,cal 1)

6 Tc P-h -12/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) 0100020003000400050006000700030032034036 0380400420440R 1243zfnear critical isochorer = 407-410 kg/m3Ps / kPaP / kPaCritical PointP / kPaT / K R1243zf R1243zf Helmholz PvT -13/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) 13 TTPCVMVMABCDHIGFETTPCVMVMABCDHIGFETTPCVM VMTTTTTTPCVMVMABCDHIGFEP1P2 PTGABCDEEFP1P2 PTGP1P1P2P2 PPTTTGABCDEEF 280300320340406080100120140 Temperature[K]Thermal conductivity [mW/(m K)] (Z)HFO-1234ze(Z)HFO-1234ze(E)HFO-1234yfR EFPROP( )HFC-32 HFO-1234ze(E)HFO-1234yf-40%-47%-26%-17%2 80290300310320330340100200300 Viscosity [Pa s]Temperature [K]Exp.

7 DataR32R1234ze(Z)R1234ze(E)REFPROP (E)68%148% GWP -14/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) MF48MF58MF64 [mm] di [mm] h[mm] [ ] [ ] Nfin[-]485864 A[-] GWP MF58MF64 Refrigerant R1234yf , Tsat C 40 10 , Gkg m-2s-1150~400 , qkW m-210MF48di deq: A: -15/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) LdQqAeq q R1234yf R32 . Yonemoto-Koyama . R32 R1234yf . Baba R1234yf R1234ze E R32 = 40 C q = 10 kW m-2G = 200 kg m-2s-1 HTC, [kW m-2K-1]Liquid quality, 1-x [ - ]Exp.

8 Yonemoto-Koyama R1234yf R1234ze(E) = 40 C q = 10 kW m-2 G = 200 kg m-2s-1 Pressure gradient, P/z [kPa m-1]Liquid quality, 1-x [ - ]Exp. BabaR1234yfR1234ze(E)R32 R1234yf R1234ze E R32 R1234yf R32 Momoki R1234yf R32 Baba = 10 C q = 10 kW m-2G = 200 kg m-2s-1 HTC, [kW m-2K-1]Vapor quality, x [ - ]Exp. Momoki R1234yf R1234ze(E) = 10 C q = 10 kW m-2 G = 200 kg m-2s-1 Pressure gradient, P/z [kPa m-1]Vapor quality, x [ - ] R1234yf R1234ze(E) R32 -16/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) K PTPt ( ) ( ) PPPtPtTTPtPt 1234567122234 -17/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) plain TE01 TE02 TE03 Tsat=10 Cqwall [kW m 2] [kW m 2K 1] = 730em pirical correlation (R1234ze(Z) Tsat=10 C)TE01TE02TE03TE01 TE01.

9 TE01< TE02< TE03 -18/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) plain TE01 TE02 TE03 Tsat=60 Cqwall [kW m 2] [kW m 2K 1] = 713em pirical correlationTE01 TE02 10~20 kW m-2 TE03 TE03TE01TE02 TE03 : TE01< TE02< TE03 (R1234ze(Z) Tsat=60 C) -19/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) GWP GWP R410A R1234ze(E) R1234yf R410A R32/R1234ze(E) R32/R1234yf GWP HFO GWP R32 R744/R32/R1234ze(E) R744/R32/R1234 GWP -20/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) (E) 3 R744/R32/R1234ze(E)

10 R744/R32/R1234yf A B C D GWP< 300< 200< 300< 200 10 K15 K7 K10 K R410A > > > > R410A )> > > > (R410A )TGEVAVCEVA(R410A ) R744/R32/R1234ze(E) (4/43/53 mass%) R744/R32/R1234ze(E) (9/29/62 mass%) R744/R32/R1234yf (4/44/52 mass%) R744/R32/R1234yf (5/28/67 mass%)R744/R32/R1234ze(E) R744/R32/R1234yf HFO HFC GWP -21/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) CO2 P-v-T GWP R1234yf+R32+R744 [65/29/6 mass%] GWP 200 [52/44/4 mass%] GWP 300 [65/29/6 mass%] R32 [52/44/4 mass%] R1234yf+R32 [50/50 mass%] REFPROP -22/58 -NEDO TSC Foresight GWP ) R32R1234yfR744R32/1234yfR32/744R1234yf/7 44 REFPROP R32/1234yfKW4 (Akasaka, 2013)R32/744 KWT (Lemmon et al.