When discounts raise costs
Found 35 free book(s)
LEEMORE SHARON DAFNY - hbs.edu
www.hbs.edu(4) “When Discounts Raise Costs: the Effect of Copay Coupons on Generic Utilization,” with Christopher Ody and Matthew Schmitt, American Economic Journal: Economic Policy,
LEEMORE S. DAFNY - United States House of Representatives
docs.house.gov(3) “When Discounts Raise Costs: the Effect of Copay Coupons on Generic Utilization,” with Christopher Ody and Matthew Schmitt, American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, May 2017, 9(2): 91-123.
The cost of listing and raising capital: An international ...
ec.europa.euThe cost of raising capital: an international comparison Report prepared for the City of London ... - other direct IPO costs Indirect costs - IPO price discounts Costs at IPO stage Cost of equity capital Ongoing costs Direct costs ... total trading costs would raise the cost of equity by 1.4–1.7%
Increased Costs Associated With Proposed State Legislation ...
www.pcmanet.orgCommission (FTC)—have cautioned that such proposals can raise costs. ... the largest discounts.3 At the inception of the Part D program, CBO estimated that PBM disclosure mandates would have increased costs in that program by $40 billion over 10 years.4
When Discounts Raise Costs: The E ect of Copay Coupons on ...
www.hbs.edu1 Introduction Health insurance plans are increasingly relying on high-powered incentives to diminish moral hazard on the part of enrollees and to reduce the total cost of care.
5 Ways to Lower Your Homeowners Insurance Costs
www.ok.gov5 Ways to Lower Your Homeowners Insurance Costs ... Raise your deductible. It is often recommended to have a deductible of at least $500 on your homeowners policy. The deductible is the amount of money you will pay in the event of a loss before ... Grab your discounts! Improve home security and ask about other discounts.
Greater Part D Coverage Gap Discounts: Reducing ...
www.ahip.orgGreater Part D Coverage Gap Discounts: Reducing Prescription Drug Costs for Medicare Beneficiaries and Lowering Federal Spending Congress should resist efforts to undo recent changes to the Medicare Part D coverage gap (“donut hole”) in the Bipartisan Budget Act (BBA) if they will raise premiums for Part D beneficiaries and costs for taxpayers.
Competition in Posted Prices With Stochastic Discounts
web.ics.purdue.edureductions off list prices, stochastic discounts raise all prices and cause a misallocation of goods to consumers that lowers total welfare. Furthermore, when the firms interact repeatedly, discounts
Evaluating Bundled Discounts - CORI
cori.missouri.eduEVALUATING BUNDLED DISCOUNTS ... discounted prices 3M offered were above its costs and therefore were not predatory.6 Not surprisingly, LePage’s caused quite an uproar in the business community.7 ... discounts raise. Part II then considers and critiques the five approaches
Grid Pricing of Fed Cattle: Base Prices and Premiums-Discounts
pods.dasnr.okstate.eduor dressed weight reported prices), raise serious concerns ... Grid Pricing of Fed Cattle: Base Prices and Premiums-Discounts Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service. 560-2 ... prices have advantages that include keeping costs of price discovery low for the parties involved. From this perspective,
The price of corporate liquidity: Acquisition discounts ...
leeds-faculty.colorado.eduThe price of corporate liquidity: Acquisition discounts for unlisted targets$ ... privately held firms can raise cash in a variety of ways, all of which entail considerable ... Evidence on the costs and benefits of obtaining liquidity by selling unlisted assets is
All-Electronic Tolling - ct.gov
www.ct.govTolling is one potential source that could raise sufficient funding. ... system and options like toll rates and discounts, gantry locations, and traffic impacts. ... discounts, costs, and revenue estimates. However, it is important to understand this information is only intended to aid the discussion of tolling. It is based on a potential
Exclusive Dealing and Competition: A US FTC View
www.ftc.govLoyalty discounts, discounts tied to percentage of purchases from a seller ... • Rather than exclude rivals from a market altogether, exclusives may raise rivals’ costs by relegating them to inferior distribution channels • E.g., Standard Oil (1912) likely enlarged its monopoly by agreeing with railroads ...
Logistics Program - mccms.cws.net
mccms.cws.net• Gain new transparency in shipping costs and discounts • Raise the visibility of transportation costs internally • Share in industry-leading rates. MC0546-36 The Supply Chain Solutions’ difference The Supply Chain Solutions’ Logistics Program is not a “contract for
Pharma giant Pfizer to raise some drug prices
medicalxpress.comPfizer said Friday it would raise US prices on 41 drugs in January, reversing a price freeze ... be offset by discounts to patients provided through ... costs for their medicines," the company said.
NASHP s Pharmacy Costs Work Group
nashp.orgNASHP s Pharmacy Costs Work Group Acknowledgments ... opportunity to raise prices of older, therapeutically-competitive products. Competitors with drugs in the ... competitors match each other’s price increases. State payers’ efforts to negotiate discounts achieve only modest reductions in …
COMMENTS OF THE AMERICAN ANTITRUST INSTITUTE IN …
www.justice.govIN CONNECTION WITH CONDITIONAL PRICING PRACTICES WORKSHOP The American Antitrust Institute (AAI) is an independent non-profit education, research, ... used by dominant firms to foreclose competitors or raise rivals’ costs, they should be analyzed ... (“Loyalty discounts can raise the same anticompetitive concerns as exclusive dealing.”);
Conditional Pricing Practices and the Two Anticompetitive ...
www.justice.govConditional Pricing Practices and the Two Anticompetitive Exclusion Paradigms Steven C. Salop Professor of Economics and Law, Georgetown University ... Raise competitors’ costs, which leads them permits firm to raise or maintain its price ... Discounts more costly to monopolist than to the entrant
MEDICARE IN THE RYAN BUDGET
www.cbpp.orgraise out-of-pocket costs for many dual eligibles.6 This year, Ryan says that “lower-income seniors ... requiring manufacturers to pay Medicaid-level discounts for drugs prescribed to low-income Medicare beneficiaries would reduce Medicare Part D costs by $137 billion over the next ten years.
American Patients First - hhs.gov
www.hhs.govpocket costs for consumers; and for-eign governments free-riding off of ... bates and discounts that favor high list prices, a generational loss of patent exclusivity, the Affordable ... forcing drug manufacturers to raise prices overall. 340B Growth . The ACA also increased the demands
THE 340B DRUG DISCOUNT PROGRAM - ncpanet.org
www.ncpanet.orgdrug costs for uninsured indigent patients. ... manufacturers to provide discounts on outpatient prescription drugs to entities that serve high numbers of ... These figures raise critical questions about the growth of the 340B program, how the program has evolved, and
Legal Limits On Pharmacy Adherence And Discount Programs
www.fdli.orgLegal Limits On Pharmacy Adherence And Discount Programs Don L. Bell, II ... •Using specific Rx info to earn discounts on related front end items may be problematic ... Increase costs to government or patients, or c) Raise patient safety or quality of care concerns
Economics on Demand PRICING PRESSURE MEASURES IN …
compass-lexecon.s3.amazonaws.comprovide a closer approximation to the costs that drive firms’ pricing decisions ... it more difficult to raise prices post-merger than under isoelastic demand ... discounts Surveys not conducted for the purposes of the merger N/A N/A N/A N/A
Indirect Procurement Optimisation - EY - United States
www.ey.comdiscounts and cost savings in the area of direct spend the impact ... and outsourcing indirect items of spend to reduce costs and raise service levels. ... that can be addressed with indirect procurement optimisation Typical Savings Range IT and depreciation: 17% of total cost
GROUP PURCHASING ORGANIZATIONS - Protecting …
www.ftc.govTheir Funding Mechanism Would Raise Costs ... Group purchasing organizations (GPOs) are companies that negotiate prices for drugs, devices, and other medical products and services on behalf of healthcare providers, including hospitals, ambulatory care ... from larger discounts.
Determining a relationship between higher education ...
aabri.com(charge before discounts) must grow much more quickly to pay for program costs and overhead (Allan, 1999). As tuition costs increase, the discounts must be deeper to attract students.
The Effects of Terminating Payments for Cost-Sharing ...
www.cbo.govServices to cover the costs they incur because of that requirement. At the request of the House Democratic Leader and the House Democratic Whip, the Congressional Budget ... participating insurers would raise premiums of “silver” plans to cover the costs. In order to qualify for CSRs,
Cheaper Flood Insurance - FEMA.gov
www.fema.govCost of Your Flood Insurance Premium FEMA D671 Oct 2007 ... There are no discounts for “partial credit.” If you have 1000 sq feet of enclosed ... other suitable material to raise the interior crawlspace ˜ oor elevation to the same height or higher than the exterior ˚ nished grade.
INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE NATIONAL OFFICE TECHNICAL …
www.irs.govINTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE NATIONAL OFFICE TECHNICAL ADVICE MEMORANDUM April 19, 2005 Third Party Communication: None ... and underwriting discounts were withheld by the investment bankers from the IPO ... Legal costs that Taxpayer considers to be pre-decisional, and thus ...
Antitrust Law and Competition for Distribution
www.jonesday.comother intermediates in the form of discounts or slotting allowances, category management, exclusionary terms, and bundled rebates. A survey of recent ... is greater than the costs of providing the services. Accordingly, manufacturers must either pay for distribution or lose profitable incremental sales.
The Future of Medicare - AARP
www.aarp.orgTo join the conversation about the future of Medicare, go to earnedasay.org. 1 ... This would reduce Medicare’s costs by about 5 percent over the next 20 years. Not a magic bullet, but one important step to solving the Medicare ... Discounts to Medicare Under current law, drug manufacturers are required to …
DISCOUNT AND ADVANCE RATES -- Requests by nine Reserve ...
www.federalreserve.govdecision to raise the target range for the federal funds rate, the Board approved raising the interest rate paid on required and excess reserve balances from 1.95 percent to …
THE DEDUCTION OF FINANCING EXPENSES OTHER THAN …
www.cba.orgother “soft costs”. These expenses are deductible under paragraph 20(1)(e) at the rate of 20% for a full fiscal period of 365 days over a five year period.
AAA Full-Time Benefits Summary 2010
www.aaa.comcosts by going to a DPO dentist DeltaPremier USA (traditional option), a 100/50/50/50 plan, provides the freedom to use any licensed dentist under a “fee-for-service” program 50% of the premium is paid by the employee through ... AAA Full-Time Benefits Summary 2010
COUNTERING EXCLUSION: THE COMPLAINANT’S OBLIGATION
www.wsgr.com2017] COUNTERING EXCLUSION: THE COMPLAINANT’S OBLIGATION 425 the famous Standard Stations9 decision of 1949. There, the Supreme Court held that “proof that competition has been foreclosed in a substantial share of the line of commerce affected” was all that mattered to find a violation.10 Although that standard of “quantitative substantiality” was revised into more
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