Mark Scheme (Results) Summer 2019

1 Mark Scheme (Results) Summer 2019 Pearson Edexcel GCSE In Geography Spec A (1GA0) Paper 02 Edexcel and BTEC Qualifications Edexcel and BTEC qualifications are awarded by Pearson, the UK s largest awarding body. We provide a wide range of qualifications including academic, vocational, occupational and specific programmes for employers. For further information visit our qualifications websites at or Alternatively, you can get in touch with us using the details on our contact us page at Pearson: helping people progress, everywhere Pearson aspires to be the world s leading learning company. Our aim is to help everyone progress in their lives through education.

2 We believe in every kind of learning, for all kinds of people, wherever they are in the world. We ve been involved in education for over 150 years, and by working across 70 countries, in 100 languages, we have built an international reputation for our commitment to high standards and raising achievement through innovation in education. Find out more about how we can help you and your students at: Summer 2019 Publications Code 1GA0_02_1906_MS All the material in this publication is copyright Pearson Education Ltd 2019 General Marking Guidance All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.

3 Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions. Examiners should mark according to the mark Scheme not according to their perception of where the grade boundaries may lie. There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark Scheme should be used appropriately. All the marks on the mark Scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, if the answer matches the mark Scheme . Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark Scheme . Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.

4 When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark Scheme to a candidate s response, the team leader must be consulted. Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it with an alternative response. GCSE Geography A - Paper 2 Mark Scheme Question 1 Changing cities Question number Answer Mark 1(a) (i) A White (British) Incorrect responses: B No evidence of Pakistani in the borough of Sutton C No evidence of Black in the borough of Sutton D No evidence of White (other) in the borough of Sutton (1) Question number Answer Mark 1(a) (ii) C Brent Incorrect responses: A The largest ethnic group in Haringey is White (other) B The largest ethnic group in Havering is White (British) D The largest ethnic groups in Tower Hamlets are Bangladeshi and White (British) (1) Question number Answer Mark 1(a)(iii) Award 1 mark for suggesting a weakness, and a further 1 mark for an appropriate extension, up to a maximum 2 marks.

5 Only shows the largest ethnic group in each ward (1) ignoring minority groups / doesn t show information about other ethnicities (1). Assumes the whole ward has the same value (1) ignoring variations (1). Abrupt changes in boundaries (1) realistically would merge (1). Interval/class sizes need to be carefully chosen (1) otherwise over simplification / generalisations will be made (1). Map does not show exact numbers of people/data (1) making it hard to draw comparisons between different areas (1). No scale on the map (1) so it is difficult to get an idea of spatial variations across London (1). It is unclear which ethnic group is represented by the white patch to the west of Tower Hamlets (1) which means that the map could be incorrectly interpreted (1).

6 Difficult to determine exact percentages / map is difficult to read (1) as the colour Scheme is unclear / shadings merge within a category (1) Do not accept it is not accurate Accept any other appropriate response (2) Question number Answer Mark 1(b) (i) A 14,000 Incorrect responses: B 18,500 is not the correct calculation of 32,500 (Birmingham) minus (Stoke-on-Trent). C 25,000 is not the correct calculation of 32,500 (Birmingham) minus (Stoke-on-Trent). D 32,500 is not the correct calculation of 32,500 (Birmingham) minus (Stoke-on-Trent). (1) Question number Answer Mark 1(b)(ii) Award 1 mark for suggesting one reason, and a further 1 mark for further explanation, up to a maximum 3 marks.

7 Some cities have a very large population (1) which means that there will be a greater range of jobs available (1) which means that there are more people who are highly paid (1) Cities like Birmingham might have more trade / shops than other cities (1) leading to a higher level of employment (1) which means that the mean annual earnings are going to be higher (1) Some cities might have fewer factories (1) because of deindustrialisation (1) which has resulted in fewer jobs available (1) Factories have closed down (1) and the former factor workers find it difficult to get a new job (1) as they lack the skills needed by tertiary sector activities (1) Cities such as Leeds and Stoke might have a large population of newcomers (1) that do low paid jobs (1) because they do not have the qualifications/skills for higher paid employment (1) There have been uneven levels of development across the UK / some cities might have received more investment compared to other cities (1) which means that there might mores new businesses opening (1) leading to more highly paid job opportunities (1).

8 Some cities have better rail/road/transport connections (1) which encourage inward investment (1) because it means that products can imported/exported more easily around the country (1) Different types of jobs are available in different cities (1) so cities with more quaternary/tertiary jobs attract skilled workers (1) which means that the mean annual earnings are going to be higher (1) Accept any other appropriate response (3) Question number Answer Mark 1(c) The location of the city compared to nearby / surrounding (human and physical) features (1). Accept any other appropriate response (1) Question number Answer Mark 1(d) Award 1 mark for any of the following, up to maximum of 2 marks.

9 Undercover (1) Greater choice (1) Larger shops (1) Cheaper products (1) Greater range of other services/entertainment/restaurants available (1) Car parking (1) Public transport links / accessible (1) Pedestrianised (1) Land values are lower (1) Less congestion/busy (1) Better/cleaner air quality (1) Shops in close proximity of each other (1) Longer opening hours (1) Accept any other appropriate response (2) Question number Answer Mark 1(e) Award 1 mark for the identification of a strategy, and 1 mark for explanation about how this makes urban living more sustainable, up to a maximum of 2 marks each. Designated bus lanes (1) which will mean that buses will get around the city faster than cars (1) Development of green transport / gas-powered buses (1) which means that less carbon emissions are entering the atmosphere (1) Car clubs / car sharing schemes / 2+ lanes (1) reduce the number of vehicles on the road (1) Cycle lanes / cycle hire schemes (1) encourage people to bike around the city rather than using cars (1) Improved bus network (1) which reduces the number of private vehicles on the road (1) Development of trams (1) which reduces the number of private vehicles on the road (1) Investment in rail/underground/Metro (1)

10 Which reduces the number of private vehicles on the road (1) Park and ride schemes (1) which reduces the number of private vehicles on the road (1) Congestion charges (1) which means motorists are going to be deterred from driving into the CBD / which raises income for further sustainable development (1) Accept any other appropriate response (4) Question number Answer Mark 1(f) (i) 1,200,000 (1) Question number Answer Mark 1(f) (iii) Award 1 mark for identifying a possible reason for Abidjan s rapid population growth, and a further 1 mark for explanation of why this has happened, up to a maximum of 2 marks each. Rural to urban migration (1) with details of a possible push or pull factor lack of healthcare in the countryside / better paid jobs in the city (1) or reverse, more jobs are available in the city (1) so people move there from the countryside (1) Internal/national migration (1) with details of a push or pull factor about why people might have moved from one part of the country to another (1).