TMS570 Active Cell-Balancing Battery …

1 -+-+-+-+-+-+-+Switch MatrixCell- balancing Switch Matrix1 of 71 of 2 SPISPI12 EVM-+-+-+-+BQ76PL455A-Q1 (monitor and protector)Switch MatrixEMB1428Q 1 of 7 SPI-+UARTISOGATE DriverIsolated Bi-Directional DC-DCGPIOTMS570 LaunchPadHost PCStatusUARTSPIGPIOB attery ModuleUSB Connection forLaunchpad power MCU Emulation and UART for VDAC for Current ControlDAC081S1011 TIDUBI0 March2016 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedTMS570 ActiveCell-BalancingBattery-ManagementDe signGuideTI DesignsTMS570 ActiveCell-BalancingBattery-ManagementDe signGuideLaunchPad,CodeComposerStudioare trademarksof.

2 Cortexare registeredtrademarksof othertrademarksare the propertyof DesignsThis TI Designshowsa systemexamplefor an batterycellsand performchargeanddischargefromone batterycell to an usercan viewthe cell statusand control-cell balancingfroma GUI runningon the host DesignFilesTMS570LS0432 ProductFolderBQ76PL455A-Q1 ProductFolderEMB1428 QProductFolderEMB1499 QProductFolderLAUNCHXL-TMS57004 ToolsFolderBQ76PL455A-Q1 EVMGUIT oolsFolderASKOur E2E ExpertsDesignFeatures The DiagnosticFeaturesof TMS570LS0432microcontroller(MCU)Are Enabledto MonitorandReportTMS570LS0432 StatusDuringRun Time.

3 The TMS570LS0432 MCUC onfiguresBQ76PL455A-Q1for MonitoringCell VoltagesandCheckingBQ76PL455A-Q1 StatusDuringRunTime. The TMS570LS0432 MCUA nalyzesthe DataFromAll Cellsand GeneratesActiveCell BalancingCommands. The TMS570LS0432 MCUC ommandsEMB1428 Qfor Cell Balancingand MonitorsEMB1428 QandEMB1499 QStatusDuringRun Time. The TMS570LS0432 MCUC ommunicatesWithHostPC Througha UniversalAsynchronousReceiverand Transmitter(UART)Emulatedby theNextGenerationHigh-EndTimer(N2 HET)Moduleto Displaythe Statusand Controlthe BalancingOperationDuringRun Electricand HybridElectricVehicles(EVs,HEVs,PHEVs,an d mild hybrids) EnergyStorageSystems(ESS) UninterruptiblePowerSupplies(UPSs)

4 E-Bikesand E-ScootersAn IMPORTANTNOTICEat the end of this TI referencedesignaddressesauthorizeduse, intellectualpropertymattersand otherimportantdisclaimersand March2016 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedTMS570 ActiveCell-BalancingBattery-ManagementDe signGuide1 SystemDescriptionThis Battery -managementsystem(BMS)exampleillu stratesa TMS570LS0432(an ISO 26262capable)MCUsupportingactivecell balancingbetweenone cell in a 16-cellbatterymoduleand a enabledto monitorthe statusof TMS570LS0432duringrun monitorbatterycell statusthrougha cell dataand generatesa real-timeinterrupt(RTI)timeris configuredto balancingcommandis passedthroughtheserialperipheralinterfac e(SPI)to EMB1428 Qand EMB1499 Qto enablechargeor dischargeof the usercan viewthe cell voltageand otherstatusdataand controlthe systemoperationusinga graphicaluserinterface(GUI)runningon the host PC.

5 TMS570LS0432communicateswith the host PCthrougha UART port emulatedby the softwareaccompanyingthis designis developedand testedon a TMS570LS0432 LaunchPad (LAUNCHXL-TMS57004)and an TMS570LS0432deviceis a high-performance,automotive-gradeMCUwith architectureincludesthe following: DualCPUsin lockstep CPUand MemoryBIST logic ECCon boththe flashand the dataSRAM Parityon peripheralmemories Loopbackcapabilityon peripheralI/OsThe TMS570LS0432deviceintegratesthe ARM Cortex -R4 moreinformation,see March2016 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016, BQ76PL455A-Q1deviceis an integrated16-cellbattery-monitoringand protectiondevice,designedfor integratedhigh-speed,differential.

6 Capacitor-isolatedcommunicationinterface sallowup to 16 BQ76PL455A-Q1devicesto communicatewith a host BQ76PL455A-Q1monitorsand detectsseveralfault conditions,includingthe following: Overvoltage Undervoltage Overtemperature CommunicationfaultsSix GPIO portsand eightanalogAUXanalog-to-digitalconverter (ADC)inputsare includedfor additionalmonitoringand secondarythermalshutdownis includedfor moreinformation,see BQ76PL455A-Q1 HardwareOverviewDRIVERLEVELSHIFTSOFTSTAR TDRVRUVLOHV CURRENT MIRRORSHUTDOWN BIAS100 nAFLOATING DRIVER TOP OF BATTERYSTACK (60V MAX) CIRCUITRYDRIVER BIAS CURRENTGENERATORA pprox.

7 VSTACK + (2 X VDDP)CHARGE PUMPVDD5V5V CORE LOGICGNDPVDD5 VRSTVDDIOCSCLKSDISDOFAULT_INTMACHINEEMB1 499 INTER-FACE5VI/O1 MHzCLOCKSPIINTER-FACESTATEbg_goodSWITCH _ENSLEWPORCLKLEVEL [ ] March2016 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016, EMB1428 QswitchmatrixgatedriverIC is designedto workwith the EMB1499 QDC-DCcontrollerICto supportTI s switchmatrix-basedactivecell balancingschemein a floatingMOSFET gatedriversnecessaryfor balancingup to sevenbatterycellsconnectedin a EMB1428 QICs may be usedtogetherto balancea stackwith morethan7 EMB1428 Qintegratedcircuitinterfaceswith the EMB1499 QDC-DCcontrollerto controland enablechargingand EMB1428 Qusesan SPI bus to acceptcommandsfromthe maincontrolleron whichbatterycell shouldbe chargedor dischargedand to reportany faultsto

8 The moreinformation,see EMB1499 QbidirectionalcurrentDC-DCcontrollerIC workswith the EMB1428 QswitchmatrixgatedriverIC to supportTI s switchmatrix-basedactivecell balancingschemefor a EMB1499 QdeviceprovidesthreePWMMOSFET gatesignalsto a bidirectionalforwardconverterso that its outputcurrent,eitherpositiveor negative,is regulatedarounda inductorcurrentis channeledby the EMB1428 Qdevicethroughthe switchmatrixto thecell that mustbe chargedor a typicalscheme,the EMB1499Q-basedforwardconverterexchangese nergybetweena singlecell and the batterystackto whichit belongs,with a maximumstackvoltageof up to 60 V.

9 The switchingfrequencyis fixedat 250 EMB1499 Qdevicesensescellvoltage,inductorcurrent ,stackcurrent,and (Bias, LDOs, UVLO,Fault Logic)VSENSE_LSVSENSE_HSVSETDIRCELLPLUST MWDORLDORC ontrollerPVINFPGNDFVINPGNDPGNDFGNDAGATE_ HS1 PWM_CLAMPGATE_HS2 GATE_LSDONEFAULT[2:0]PWM_HS1 PWM_HS2 PWM_LSILIMIT (HS and LS)FAULTCLKDIR (HS and LS) March2016 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedTMS570 ActiveCell-BalancingBattery-ManagementDe signGuideThe EMB1499 Qdevicealso providesan activeclamptimingsignalto controlan externalFET driverforthe EMB1499 Qdeviceis enabledand disabledby the the EMB1499 Qdeviceare communicatedto the EMB1428 Qdevicethroughthe DONEand moreinformation,see EMB1499 QHardwareOverview-+-+-+-+-+-+-+Switch MatrixCell- balancing Switch Matrix1 of 71 of 2 SPISPI12 EVM-+-+-+-+BQ76PL455A-Q1 (monitor and protector)

10 Switch MatrixEMB1428Q 1 of 7 SPI-+UARTISOGATE DriverIsolated Bi-Directional DC-DCGPIOTMS570 LaunchPadHost PCStatusUARTSPIGPIOB attery ModuleUSB Connection forLaunchpad power MCU Emulation and UART for VDAC for Current March2016 SubmitDocumentationFeedbackCopyright 2016,TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedTMS570 ActiveCell-BalancingBattery-ManagementDe signGuide2 GettingStartedHardwareFigure5 showsthe blockdiagramof activecell HardwareCell balancingis a methodfor extendingbatteryrun time and batterylife. The activecell balancingisbasedon the activeenergytransferat the cell that mustbe chargedor this BMSexample,the energyis transferredbetweenone cell in a 16-cellbatterymoduleand an external12-Vbatteryfor thesimulationof an EV EM1402 EVMis designedas the batterymonitorand cell cell-monitoringarchitectureis basedon the BQ76PL455A-Q1IC.